English:Grammar, Parts of Speech

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Ex: all, anybody, anything, both, either, few, most, nothing, somebody, someone

Indefinite pronouns

refers to a person, place, thing, or idea that may or may not be specifically named. It can have an unspecified antecedent

Indefinite pronouns

how many types of pronouns are there?

6

How many parts of speech are there?

8

What part of speech?: Can be singular or plural, common or proper, abstract or concrete, collective or compound

noun

What part of speech?: Name a person, place thing, or idea

noun

Prepositions form phrases beginning with the ____________ and ending with a noun or pronoun

preposition

links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence

preposition

about above across after

prepositions

take the place of nouns, just have antecedents, must clearly refer to the noun it replaces, has 6 types

pronouns

specific person, place, thing, or idea that is capitalized

proper noun

refers to the subject of a verb, functions as a complement or as the object of a preposition

reflexive pronouns

What person? Ex: you, yours, yours

second person

What person? Ex: yourself, yourselves

second person

refers to the person/people being spoken to

second person

What should you do if multiple adjectives modify a single noun or pronoun?

separate them with commas

after, although, if, unless, so that, therefore, in spite of, despite, because, whether, before, until, while, etc.

subordinating conjunctions

introduce a dependent clause

subordinating conjunctions

What person? Ex: he, him, his ,she ,hers, it, its, they, them ,their, theirs

third person

What person? Ex: himself, herself, itself

third person

refers to the person / people being spoken about

third person

action verbs can be either _______ or __________

transitive or intransitive

take an object

transitive verbs

T/F: Some words that are usually nouns can be used as adverbs.

true

indicate an action or state of being, have different tenses, main tenses are past present and future. They must agree with their subject

verb

Name an idea, feeling, quality or characteristic. Name items that cannot be perceived by the senses.

abstract nouns

connect the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject

linking verb

refers to the person/people speaking

first person

pairs with another verb to make a verb phrase

helping verbs

emphasizes its antecedent, generally follows the noun or pronoun it emphasizes

intensive pronoun

a word added to a sentence to convey emotion. It is not grammatically related to the other parts of the sentence. Generally followed by commas or exclamation points

interjections

Ex: who, whom, whose, which, what

interrogative pronouns

introduce a question

interrogative pronouns

linking verbs are always __________

intransitive

state-of-being verbs are always ____________

intransitive

do not have objects

intransitive verbs

T.F: There are 6 parts of speech

False

T/F: Adjectives are objects

False

T/F: Adjectives replace nouns

False

T/F: Pronouns describe nouns

False

Ex: that, which, who, whom, whose

Relative pronouns

introduce a subordinate clause and part a sentence that is not a complete thought

Relative pronouns

T.F: Every word functions as at least one part of speech

True

T.F: words can serve as two or more parts of speech

True

T/F: Many pronouns can also be used as adjectives

True

T/F: Most nouns can also be used as adjectives

True

T/F: Nouns are objects

True

T/F: adjectives describe objects

True

express mental or physical activity

action verb

what kind of verbs are there

action verbs being verbs linking verbs helping verbs

Ex: colors, numbers

adjective

modify (describe) a noun or pronoun

adjective

a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun

adjective phrase

answers the questions : - what kind? - which one? - how many? - how much?

adjectives

answer the question: - where? - when? - how? - to what extent?

adverbs

modify a verb,adjective, or other one of these, often end in "ly" and include words like more "more" and "very"

adverbs

the word or word group that a pronoun stands for

antecedent

Ex: the, an ,a

article

special classification of an adjective

article

what must pronouns be placed near to their antecedents for?

clarity

commonly used to refer to a group of people or things

collective nouns

any one of a group of persons, places, things or ideas. Not specific objects, not capitalized

common nouns

Example: toothpaste, toothbrush, full moon, songwriter, jack-in-the-box

compound noun

2 or more words that together name a person, place, thing, or idea. It may be written as one word, separate words, or a hyphenated word

compound nouns

names a person, place, thing, or idea that can be perceived by the senses

concrete noun

connect other words, phrases, or sentences, there are 3 types

coordinating correlative subordinating

joining 2 or more items of equal syntactic importance

coordinating conjunction

◦ For ◦ And ◦ Nor ◦ But ◦ Or ◦ Yet ◦ So

coordinating conjunctions

pairs of conjunctions that work together to coordinate two items

correlative conjunctions

Ex: this, that, these, those

demonstrative pronouns

point out a noun or another pronoun

demonstrative pronouns

cannot stand alone as sentences, but are often used as parts of sentences

dependent clauses

What person? Ex: I, me, my, mine, we ,us, our, ours

first person

What person? Ex: myself, ourselves

first person

What are the 8 parts of speech?

◦ Noun ◦ Pronoun ◦ Adjective ◦ Verb ◦ Adverb ◦ Preposition ◦ Conjunction ◦ Interjection


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