English:Grammar, Parts of Speech
Ex: all, anybody, anything, both, either, few, most, nothing, somebody, someone
Indefinite pronouns
refers to a person, place, thing, or idea that may or may not be specifically named. It can have an unspecified antecedent
Indefinite pronouns
how many types of pronouns are there?
6
How many parts of speech are there?
8
What part of speech?: Can be singular or plural, common or proper, abstract or concrete, collective or compound
noun
What part of speech?: Name a person, place thing, or idea
noun
Prepositions form phrases beginning with the ____________ and ending with a noun or pronoun
preposition
links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence
preposition
about above across after
prepositions
take the place of nouns, just have antecedents, must clearly refer to the noun it replaces, has 6 types
pronouns
specific person, place, thing, or idea that is capitalized
proper noun
refers to the subject of a verb, functions as a complement or as the object of a preposition
reflexive pronouns
What person? Ex: you, yours, yours
second person
What person? Ex: yourself, yourselves
second person
refers to the person/people being spoken to
second person
What should you do if multiple adjectives modify a single noun or pronoun?
separate them with commas
after, although, if, unless, so that, therefore, in spite of, despite, because, whether, before, until, while, etc.
subordinating conjunctions
introduce a dependent clause
subordinating conjunctions
What person? Ex: he, him, his ,she ,hers, it, its, they, them ,their, theirs
third person
What person? Ex: himself, herself, itself
third person
refers to the person / people being spoken about
third person
action verbs can be either _______ or __________
transitive or intransitive
take an object
transitive verbs
T/F: Some words that are usually nouns can be used as adverbs.
true
indicate an action or state of being, have different tenses, main tenses are past present and future. They must agree with their subject
verb
Name an idea, feeling, quality or characteristic. Name items that cannot be perceived by the senses.
abstract nouns
connect the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject
linking verb
refers to the person/people speaking
first person
pairs with another verb to make a verb phrase
helping verbs
emphasizes its antecedent, generally follows the noun or pronoun it emphasizes
intensive pronoun
a word added to a sentence to convey emotion. It is not grammatically related to the other parts of the sentence. Generally followed by commas or exclamation points
interjections
Ex: who, whom, whose, which, what
interrogative pronouns
introduce a question
interrogative pronouns
linking verbs are always __________
intransitive
state-of-being verbs are always ____________
intransitive
do not have objects
intransitive verbs
T.F: There are 6 parts of speech
False
T/F: Adjectives are objects
False
T/F: Adjectives replace nouns
False
T/F: Pronouns describe nouns
False
Ex: that, which, who, whom, whose
Relative pronouns
introduce a subordinate clause and part a sentence that is not a complete thought
Relative pronouns
T.F: Every word functions as at least one part of speech
True
T.F: words can serve as two or more parts of speech
True
T/F: Many pronouns can also be used as adjectives
True
T/F: Most nouns can also be used as adjectives
True
T/F: Nouns are objects
True
T/F: adjectives describe objects
True
express mental or physical activity
action verb
what kind of verbs are there
action verbs being verbs linking verbs helping verbs
Ex: colors, numbers
adjective
modify (describe) a noun or pronoun
adjective
a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun
adjective phrase
answers the questions : - what kind? - which one? - how many? - how much?
adjectives
answer the question: - where? - when? - how? - to what extent?
adverbs
modify a verb,adjective, or other one of these, often end in "ly" and include words like more "more" and "very"
adverbs
the word or word group that a pronoun stands for
antecedent
Ex: the, an ,a
article
special classification of an adjective
article
what must pronouns be placed near to their antecedents for?
clarity
commonly used to refer to a group of people or things
collective nouns
any one of a group of persons, places, things or ideas. Not specific objects, not capitalized
common nouns
Example: toothpaste, toothbrush, full moon, songwriter, jack-in-the-box
compound noun
2 or more words that together name a person, place, thing, or idea. It may be written as one word, separate words, or a hyphenated word
compound nouns
names a person, place, thing, or idea that can be perceived by the senses
concrete noun
connect other words, phrases, or sentences, there are 3 types
coordinating correlative subordinating
joining 2 or more items of equal syntactic importance
coordinating conjunction
◦ For ◦ And ◦ Nor ◦ But ◦ Or ◦ Yet ◦ So
coordinating conjunctions
pairs of conjunctions that work together to coordinate two items
correlative conjunctions
Ex: this, that, these, those
demonstrative pronouns
point out a noun or another pronoun
demonstrative pronouns
cannot stand alone as sentences, but are often used as parts of sentences
dependent clauses
What person? Ex: I, me, my, mine, we ,us, our, ours
first person
What person? Ex: myself, ourselves
first person
What are the 8 parts of speech?
◦ Noun ◦ Pronoun ◦ Adjective ◦ Verb ◦ Adverb ◦ Preposition ◦ Conjunction ◦ Interjection