Entry/Exit Exam

Research indicates which of the following is or are true with regard to children from unions characterized by multiple-partner fertility? Even when researchers control for social class, race, and ethnicity, children from these unions______.

- are more likely to report poor relationships with their parents - are more likely to have behavioral problems - are more likely to experience a variety of academic problems including school failure

According to the Kuznets curve, the market forces of industrial capitalism ______________.

- cause inequality to increase during the early stages of industrialization - cause inequality to decrease during the later stage of industrialization, eventually stabilizing at low levels

Sovereignty __________________.

- is a state's right, at least in principle, to do whatever it wants within its own territory - According to the principle of sovereignty, states are separate, autonomous, and answer to no higher authority.

According to Alexis de Tocqueville, membership in voluntary associations in the United States has which of the following effects?

-Gives raise to, and perpetuates, local democracy - Fulfills individual needs -fulfills community needs - Fulfills societal needs

The range of the Gini coefficient is from ______________, where everyone has the same income and there is no inequality to _________, where all income goes to one person and everyone else has none.

0; 1

Tell me what the mode is in this data array: 1, 3, 5, 5, 7, 9.

5

According to Durkheim, religion is:

A system of beliefs and practices related to sacred things that unites people in a moral community.

The founder of sociology is ___________.

August Comte

____________ refers to parental discipline based on logical reasoning and explanation.

Authoritative control

__________________ authority is legitimized on the basis of the exceptional qualities that are attributed to a leader by her or his followers.

Charismatic

In terms of population, starting with the country with the largest population in the world, the three largest countries in the world are:

China, India, United States

The extent to which a measure relates to other variables as predicted by theory is termed _________________ validity.

Construct

Gender refers to _____________.

Cultural notions of masculinity and femininity.

In South Africa, whites were the numeric minority but had the greatest level of power. As such, whites were the _________________.

Dominant Group

Basic Trust is the first stage of ___________________ eight stages of human development.

Erik Erikson's

Little Havana is a neighborhood in Miami where Cuban immigrants live together and assert cultural distinction from the dominant group. As such, Little Havana is a(n):

Ethnic Enclave

The prohibition of the practice of suttee by British authorities in India during the nineteenth century is an example of a _____________.

More

Sociologists refer to low-paying, female-dominated occupations as ____________.

Pink-collar jobs

It is possible to be prejudiced against the group to which one belongs.

true

Marx stated that religion was ______.

The opiate of the masses

Crane is a Native American. Her ancestors honored symbolic objects that depicted animals and plants. Crane's ancestors practiced __________.

Totemism

In the United States, Black and Hispanic youth __________________.

consume nearly 4½ hours more media a day than do white youth

With the rise of the state came _____________ in chronic raiding and feuding that had characterized life in hunting and gathering and horticultural societies, resulting in a more or less __________________ in rates of violent death.

a reduction; fivefold decrease

Emile Durkheim coined this tem to refer to an uncomfortable state of arousal that individuals may experience when norms are in flux and guidelines for behavior no longer are clear.

anomie

In the United States, the median age at first marriage has been _____________ for decades

climbing

____________________ theorists are consistently and highly critical of the process of globalization

conflict

According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, the number of property crimes _______________ between 2002-2011.

declined

Between 2007-2011 in the United States, the number of hate crimes _____________.

decreased by 31.9 percent

Conflict perspectives on racial and ethnic inequality are based on the assumption that:

economic stratification and unequal access to power place minority group members at a distinct disadvantage as compared to dominant group members.

What are OECD countries?

economically advanced

Clearance rates for property crime are higher than clearance rates for violent crime.

false

The Islamic countries have greater gender equality than most of the Western industrialized countries.

false

____________________ is the physiological ability, capacity, or potential to reproduce.

fecundity

Murder rates are highest in _________________ societies.

folk societies

______________________ theorists tend to look for, and find, ways that globalization helps societies to exist across time.

functionalist

Neonatal mortality is _________________________.

infant death that occurs within the first 27 days of life

In terms of population projection of high-income, medium-income, and low-income countries, 2010 to 2050, the highest growth is expected to occur in _________________ countries

low-income

In terms of suicide rates per 100,000 population in the United States, of the following demographic groups, the highest suicide rates are among __________________.

non-Hispanic white males

Where is the United States in terms of the Gini coefficient? The United States has a Gini that is _____________.

mid-range

The incidence per 1,000 children of physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse is highest in which type of family structure or living arrangement in the United States?

parent with cohabiting partner

Low-income countries are the __________ countries.

periphery

According to Max Weber, an ethnic group is a group that entertains a subjective belief in its common decent because of similarities of _________________________.

physical type, custom, memories of colonization and migration

Network ties _________________.

provide comfort in times of personal loss, provides minor services, provides information

In social network analysis, the term strong ties refers to ______________.

relationships characterized by intimacy, emotional intensity, and sharing

In the statement "Sociology helps me understand social life," the independent variable is_____.

sociology

The opposite of "sacred" is "profane."

true

Conservation of mass and of measure emerge during this stage of development according to Jean Piaget.

the concrete operational stage

According to Adorno, the "authoritarian personality" is usually the result of family environment.

true

Creative destruction refers to the view that the essence of capitalism is the perennial cycle of destroying the old and less efficient product or service and replacing it with new more efficient ones.

true

The exact and predictive sciences, formation of the state, and the rise of foreign trade are characteristics of social life that first emerge _____________________.

with the city as a form of human habitation