ENVS 150 Test 2

Two plants that use the C3 photosynthesis pathway are

apple and tomato

Which of these is NOT a root function?

Photosynthesis

Which of the following is ALWAYS TRUE when making a cutting from an actively growing plant?

Plant cutting are best when turgid

The distance between two terminal bud scars is considered to be a measure of ___

annual growth

The distance between two terminal buds scars is considered to be a measure of

annual growth

Chlorophyll mainly absorbs ___ and ___ light

blue and red

The leaf modification that results in highly colored structures which frequently resemble an inflorescence is called a

bract.

In the root, the Caspian strip occurs in the cell walls of the

endodermis.

The root hairs are extensions of the

epidermis

Two disadvantages of asexual or vegetative propagation are

few offspring from each parent and requires a lot of labor.

The primary function of stomata is ___

gas exchange.

Cacti uses CAM photosynthesis and open their stomata during the ___ so that ___ can be fixed into 4C acids

night, carbon dioxide

Lamina

is the flattened, green, expanded portion of a leaf.

Spongy mesophyll

is the part of a dicot leaf that is specialized for gas exchange within the leaf.

The bracts that draw attention to the flowers in some plants are modified___ that have ___ as a function

leaves; attraction

Tendrils are modified __ that have a __ function

leaves; support

Oxygen is a by-product of photosynthesis, and is produced by the

light reaction.

Monocot leaves are similar to eudicot leaves in cross section, except that the mesophyll consists of ___

mesophyll

When the vascular cylinder of the root contains pith, the plant is considered a ___

monocot

If one piles soil around the base of a shrub to induce roots to form at the base of the limbs, this would be called

mound layering.

Asexual propagation technique where small pieces of tissue are placed in a sterile culture containing all the nutrients, carbohydrates, and hormones needed for growth

tissue culture.

The concept that every cell in a plant has the potential to reproduce the entire plant

totipotency

The___ is a lateral meristem in stems that results in growth in diameter.

vascular cambium

Phyllotaxy in which three or more leaves are attached in a circular pattern around each node is referred to as ___

whorled

If John Q. PUblic discovers a very unique looking holly shrub and propagates it by cuttings to produce thousands of young plants, then that population or group of plants would be a good example of ___

A clone

The light reaction converts light energy into___ which provides chemical energy

ATP and NADPH

Which of the following is not a function of a leaf?

Absorption of water and minerals

Which of the following is used to help initiate rooting in a woody cutting?

All assist with root formation

Which of the following does NOT impact graft compatibility?

All impact graft compatiblity

Which of the following foliage characteristics is involved with limiting water loss?

All of the characteristics

Two advantages of asexual or vegetative propagation are

All offspring are true to type and the time to flowering is reduced.

Which of the following is NOT a reason to use asexual propagation

Allows production of cuttings each with unique characteristics.

___photosynthesis is used by plants from arid or semi-arid environments that open their stomates at night

CAM

In the Carbon Cycle, ___ in the atmosphere is converted into___ by photosynthesis which is then converted to ___ by respiration and released back into the atmosphere

CO2, carbohydrates, CO2

___is the final product produced in photosynthesis

Carbohydrate

Which of the following is a layer of waterproof tissue which prevents the movement of water to and from the vascular cylinder

Caspian strip

Carnivorous plants exhibit leaf modifications allowing them to obtain part of their nutrition from insects. Which of the following is not a method of trapping food used by this type of plant?

Collapsing

Which of the following is NOT a common response to cold temperatures?

No correct answer

When immature cells mature and develop into specialized cells with a specific function, the process is referred to as___

Differentiation

Which of the following steps is generally NOT followed when making cuttings?

Foliage may be used to help prop up the cutting in the media

Which of the following is the function of lentils?

Gasseous exchange

___is the input for the glycolysis system in respiration

Glucose

___is the flattened green expanded portion of a leaf.

Lamina

A___is a rough area on some stems that serves as a "breathing pore" for gas exchange

Lenticel

Which of the following defines apomixis?

Seed produced from maternal tissue without fertilization

Which type of tissue is referred to as loosely organized allowing for air exchange within the leaf?

Spongy mesophyll

What are the primary structures that control excess water loss

Stomata

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of rooting media

Suppplies carbon dioxide to the roots

___are individual, sack-like membranes that comprise the grand inside chloroplast and contain the chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis.

Thylakoids

Which of the following is true about asexual reproduction

Younger plants have a higher nitrogen level and lower carbon level

The color of an object is determined by the wavelength of light that is NOT___

absorbed

The color of an object is determined by the wavelength of light that is NOT

absorbed.

If a horticulturist puts soil around a node to stimulate root formation, this would be called___ layering

air

The ___ leaf arrangement has one leaf attached per node staggered along the stem

alternate

Corn plants use C4 photosynthesis and open their stomata during the day so that

carbon dioxide can be fixed into 4C acids.

The input for the Calvin cycle is

carbon dioxide.

The increase in length of a root is the result of which of the following

cell division and cell elongation

When the stem of a plant is flat and capable of functioning like a leaf, it is called ___

cladophyl

Plants that are____can sometimes be successfully grafted.

closely botanically related

The glycolysis reaction of respiration occurs in the ___

cytosol

Alcoholic fermentation occurs only when

oxygen is absent.

Eudicot leaves are similar to monocot leaves in cross section, except that the mesophyll consists of

palisade and spongy mesophyll

The leaf complexity in which leaflets attach to a central petiole like your fingers attach to your palm is called ___

palmately compound

When a horticulturist makes a cut in the stem for layering, they are trying to selectively cut the____so translocation is disrupted

phlegm

Oak leaves have____which is a feather-like net venation with lateral veins extending from a central mid-rib.

pinnate venation

The net result of photosynthesis is that____ is converted to ____

radiant energy; chemical energy.

A sugar beet is a modified___ that has the following two functions:___ and ___

root; storage and propagation

The top part of a graft is called the

scion.

A sharp modified stem or branch located at the tip of a branch or node is referred to as a ___

thorn

Maple leaves have_____which is a finger-like net venation with several major veins originating from the connection of the petiole and the leaf blade.

simple venation,

The bottom part of a graft is called the

stock.

The dark reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the

stroma.

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the___ and uses ATP to generate ____

stroma; glucose.

During photosynthesis carbon dioxide and water, in the presence of____ and ___produce simple sugar and oxygen.

sunlight and chlorophyll,

The dark reaction of photosynthesis occurs only when

the light reaction occurs.

A sharp modified stem or branch located at the tip of a branch or at a node is referred to as a

thorn