ENVS 150 Test 2
Two plants that use the C3 photosynthesis pathway are
apple and tomato
Which of these is NOT a root function?
Photosynthesis
Which of the following is ALWAYS TRUE when making a cutting from an actively growing plant?
Plant cutting are best when turgid
The distance between two terminal bud scars is considered to be a measure of ___
annual growth
The distance between two terminal buds scars is considered to be a measure of
annual growth
Chlorophyll mainly absorbs ___ and ___ light
blue and red
The leaf modification that results in highly colored structures which frequently resemble an inflorescence is called a
bract.
In the root, the Caspian strip occurs in the cell walls of the
endodermis.
The root hairs are extensions of the
epidermis
Two disadvantages of asexual or vegetative propagation are
few offspring from each parent and requires a lot of labor.
The primary function of stomata is ___
gas exchange.
Cacti uses CAM photosynthesis and open their stomata during the ___ so that ___ can be fixed into 4C acids
night, carbon dioxide
Lamina
is the flattened, green, expanded portion of a leaf.
Spongy mesophyll
is the part of a dicot leaf that is specialized for gas exchange within the leaf.
The bracts that draw attention to the flowers in some plants are modified___ that have ___ as a function
leaves; attraction
Tendrils are modified __ that have a __ function
leaves; support
Oxygen is a by-product of photosynthesis, and is produced by the
light reaction.
Monocot leaves are similar to eudicot leaves in cross section, except that the mesophyll consists of ___
mesophyll
When the vascular cylinder of the root contains pith, the plant is considered a ___
monocot
If one piles soil around the base of a shrub to induce roots to form at the base of the limbs, this would be called
mound layering.
Asexual propagation technique where small pieces of tissue are placed in a sterile culture containing all the nutrients, carbohydrates, and hormones needed for growth
tissue culture.
The concept that every cell in a plant has the potential to reproduce the entire plant
totipotency
The___ is a lateral meristem in stems that results in growth in diameter.
vascular cambium
Phyllotaxy in which three or more leaves are attached in a circular pattern around each node is referred to as ___
whorled
If John Q. PUblic discovers a very unique looking holly shrub and propagates it by cuttings to produce thousands of young plants, then that population or group of plants would be a good example of ___
A clone
The light reaction converts light energy into___ which provides chemical energy
ATP and NADPH
Which of the following is not a function of a leaf?
Absorption of water and minerals
Which of the following is used to help initiate rooting in a woody cutting?
All assist with root formation
Which of the following does NOT impact graft compatibility?
All impact graft compatiblity
Which of the following foliage characteristics is involved with limiting water loss?
All of the characteristics
Two advantages of asexual or vegetative propagation are
All offspring are true to type and the time to flowering is reduced.
Which of the following is NOT a reason to use asexual propagation
Allows production of cuttings each with unique characteristics.
___photosynthesis is used by plants from arid or semi-arid environments that open their stomates at night
CAM
In the Carbon Cycle, ___ in the atmosphere is converted into___ by photosynthesis which is then converted to ___ by respiration and released back into the atmosphere
CO2, carbohydrates, CO2
___is the final product produced in photosynthesis
Carbohydrate
Which of the following is a layer of waterproof tissue which prevents the movement of water to and from the vascular cylinder
Caspian strip
Carnivorous plants exhibit leaf modifications allowing them to obtain part of their nutrition from insects. Which of the following is not a method of trapping food used by this type of plant?
Collapsing
Which of the following is NOT a common response to cold temperatures?
No correct answer
When immature cells mature and develop into specialized cells with a specific function, the process is referred to as___
Differentiation
Which of the following steps is generally NOT followed when making cuttings?
Foliage may be used to help prop up the cutting in the media
Which of the following is the function of lentils?
Gasseous exchange
___is the input for the glycolysis system in respiration
Glucose
___is the flattened green expanded portion of a leaf.
Lamina
A___is a rough area on some stems that serves as a "breathing pore" for gas exchange
Lenticel
Which of the following defines apomixis?
Seed produced from maternal tissue without fertilization
Which type of tissue is referred to as loosely organized allowing for air exchange within the leaf?
Spongy mesophyll
What are the primary structures that control excess water loss
Stomata
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of rooting media
Suppplies carbon dioxide to the roots
___are individual, sack-like membranes that comprise the grand inside chloroplast and contain the chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis.
Thylakoids
Which of the following is true about asexual reproduction
Younger plants have a higher nitrogen level and lower carbon level
The color of an object is determined by the wavelength of light that is NOT___
absorbed
The color of an object is determined by the wavelength of light that is NOT
absorbed.
If a horticulturist puts soil around a node to stimulate root formation, this would be called___ layering
air
The ___ leaf arrangement has one leaf attached per node staggered along the stem
alternate
Corn plants use C4 photosynthesis and open their stomata during the day so that
carbon dioxide can be fixed into 4C acids.
The input for the Calvin cycle is
carbon dioxide.
The increase in length of a root is the result of which of the following
cell division and cell elongation
When the stem of a plant is flat and capable of functioning like a leaf, it is called ___
cladophyl
Plants that are____can sometimes be successfully grafted.
closely botanically related
The glycolysis reaction of respiration occurs in the ___
cytosol
Alcoholic fermentation occurs only when
oxygen is absent.
Eudicot leaves are similar to monocot leaves in cross section, except that the mesophyll consists of
palisade and spongy mesophyll
The leaf complexity in which leaflets attach to a central petiole like your fingers attach to your palm is called ___
palmately compound
When a horticulturist makes a cut in the stem for layering, they are trying to selectively cut the____so translocation is disrupted
phlegm
Oak leaves have____which is a feather-like net venation with lateral veins extending from a central mid-rib.
pinnate venation
The net result of photosynthesis is that____ is converted to ____
radiant energy; chemical energy.
A sugar beet is a modified___ that has the following two functions:___ and ___
root; storage and propagation
The top part of a graft is called the
scion.
A sharp modified stem or branch located at the tip of a branch or node is referred to as a ___
thorn
Maple leaves have_____which is a finger-like net venation with several major veins originating from the connection of the petiole and the leaf blade.
simple venation,
The bottom part of a graft is called the
stock.
The dark reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the
stroma.
The Calvin Cycle occurs in the___ and uses ATP to generate ____
stroma; glucose.
During photosynthesis carbon dioxide and water, in the presence of____ and ___produce simple sugar and oxygen.
sunlight and chlorophyll,
The dark reaction of photosynthesis occurs only when
the light reaction occurs.
A sharp modified stem or branch located at the tip of a branch or at a node is referred to as a
thorn