Enzymes and hormones of the digestive System

microvilli, digestion, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids

Brush border enzymes are found in the ______ of the small intestine and complete _______ of ____, ______, and ______

chief cells, stomach, digests proteins

Pepsinogen is an inactive form of the enzyme Pepsin produced by ______ in the lining of the stomach that acts in the ______ and _______

serous cells, oral cavity, begins digestion of starches into maltose

Salivary amylase is an enzyme produced by the ______ in the salivary glands that acts in the _____ and _______

intestinal mucosa cells, gastric, pancreatic, chyme, bile

Secretin is an enterogastrone released by the _________ that 1. inhibits ________ secretions and gastric motility 2. stimulates the release of _____ secretions rich in Bicarbonate ions to neutralize acidic ______ 3. increases _____ production by the liver

microvilli, small intestine, lactose, glucose, galactose

Lactase is a brush border enzyme produced by the ______ that acts in the ______ to breakdown ______ into ____ and ______

pancreas, fats, glycerol, fatty acids, glycerol+1fatty acid, small intestine

Lipases are enzymes formed by the _____ that breakdown ______ into ____ and ______ and monoglycerides into ________; work in the ______

panenth cells, intestinal crypts, small intestine, bacteria

Lysozyme is an enzyme produced by the _______ found in the _______ that act in the ________ to kill _______

microvilli, small intestine, maltose, 2 glucose molecules

Maltase is a brush border enzyme produced by the ______ that acts in the _______ to breakdown _____ into ________

pancreas, small intestine, nucleotides

Nucleases are enzymes produced by the _______ that act in the _____ to split DNA and RNA into their component _______

microvilli, small intestine, dipeptides, amino acids

Dipeptidase is a brush border enzyme produced by the ________ that acts in the _______ to split ______ into two individual _______

intestinal mucosa cells, small intestine, inhibit gastric gland activity and gastric motility, inhibitory, stretching, decrease, fats

Enterogastrones are intestinal hormones that are produced the _________ that act in the ______ and ______ Enterogastrones are part of the ______ component, where intestinal wall _____, _______ in pH, and increase of ____ and protein with incoming chyme trigger the release of the hormones

microvilli, small intestine, trypsinogen, trypsin

Enterokinase is a brush border enzyme produced by the ________ that acts in the ________ to convert _____ into ________

chief cells, stomach, digests fats

Gastric Lipase is an enzyme produced in small amounts by the in the lining of the stomach that acts in the ______ and ______

intestinal mucosa cells, motility

Gastric inhibitory peptide is an enterogastrone released by the ______ that inhibits secretion and gastric ______

enteroendocrine cells, stomach, stimulates release of gastric juice and increases motility

Gastrin is a hormone produced by the ________ or G cells in the lining of the stomach, that acts in the ______ and _______

alpha cells, pancreatic islets, blood, raise glucose

Glucagon is a hormone produced by the ______ of the ________ that act in the ______ to _______

beta cells, pancreatic islets, blood, lower glucose

Insulin is a hormone produced by the ________ of the _______ that act in the _______ to _______

intestinal mucosa cells, small intestine, stimulates release of gastric juice and increases motility, excitatory, chyme

Intestinal (Enteric) Gastrin is a hormone produced by the _______ that acts in the _____ and _______ This is part of the _____ component where ____ entering the duodenum stimulates the release of the hormone

microvilli, small intestine, nucleotides, nitrogen bases, pentoses, phosphates

Nucleosidases and Phosphatases are brush border enzymes produced by the ________ that act in the ______ to catalyze the breakdown of _______ into ______ ______, and _______

starch

Pancreatic Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down ______ into disaccharides (Maltose, lactose, sucrose)

microvilli, small intestine, peptides, amino acids

Aminopeptidase is a brush border enzyme produced by the _______ that acts in the ________ to breakdown _______ into individual _______

pancreas, small intestine, trypsin, proteins, brush border enzymes

Carboxypeptidase is an enzyme produced by the _______ that acts in the ______, that when activated by _______, digests ________by breaking them down into polypeptides or small peptides that are the broken down further by the ________

intestinal mucosa cells, enzymes, gallbladder, pancreatic, duodenum

Cholycystokinin is an enterogastrone released by the _______ that 1. stimulates the discharge of pancreatic secretions rich in ________ 2. stimulates the _______ to contract and release bile 3. causes relaxation of the sphincter, allowing ______ secretion and bile to enter the _______

pancreas, small intestine, trypsin, proteins, brush border enzymes

Chymotrypsin is an enzyme produced by the ______ that acts in the ______, that when activated by________, digests ________ by breaking them down into polypeptides or small peptides that are the broken down further by the ________

microvilli, small intestine, sucrose, glucose, fructose

Sucrase is a brush border enzyme produced by the ______ that acts in the ______ to breakdown ________ into _____ and ______

pancreas, small intestine, enterokinase, proteins, brush border enzymes

Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the _______ that acts in the ________ , digests ________by breaking them down into polypeptides or small peptides that are the broken down further by the ________

intestinal mucosa cells, hcl, buffer, capillaries, smooth muscle

Vasoactive intestinal peptide is an enterogastrone released by the ______ that 1. inhibits ____ production by the stomach 2. stimulates _______ secretion 3. dilates intestinal wall ______ 4. relaxes intestinal wall _______