ESS3 Ch 12 practice quiz, Biology 1322 Exam 4

Women who have been successful in achieving weight loss typically adhere to diets of _____ kcals per day.

1200 to 1500

The basal metabolic rate typically accounts for approximately _____ of a person's total energy expenditure.

60%

Which of the following is NOT an example of an FDA-approved health claim?

Adequate calcium throughout life, as part of a well-balanced diet, prevents osteoporosis.

Which of the following is an example of an acceptable structure/function claim to include on a label?

Calcium builds strong bones and Fiber maintains bowel regulatory.

Regular use of multivitamin/mineral supplements has been shown to decrease the risk of death or chronic disease.

False

Which of the following is a reliable way for consumers to assess the quality of a supplement?

Look for the United States Pharmacopeial Conception (USP) seal of approval on the product label and look for the NSF International (NSF) seal of approval on the product label.

According to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, what is considered a "new" dietary ingredient? a dietary ingredient not sold in the United States in a dietary supplement before 1994 a dietary ingredient that has not been evaluated by the FDA for safety and efficacy any type of ingredient or supplement other than a vitamin or a mineral vitamins or minerals added to processed foods for fortification purposes

a dietary ingredient not sold in the United States in a dietary supplement before 1994

The most common dietary supplement taken by Americans is:

a multivitamin and multimineral.

Dietary supplements may be beneficial for:

a pregnant woman, someone who is on a diet with restricted kilocalorie intake, and an elderly man who stays indoors and avoids milk.

A dietary supplement may contain which of the following ingredients?

amino acidsAll of these are correct.vitaminsherbsminerals

Obesity is associated with increased hormone production, resulting in low-grade inflammation. This inflammation increases risk for all of the following EXCEPT:

appendicitis.

Dietary supplements that have GRAS status: require the FDA's approval before they can be marketed and sold. are generally recognized as safe by the FDA. have undergone rigorous testing by the FDA for safety. have been banned for use in the United States.

are generally recognized as safe by the FDA.

What type of cancer in women is most likely to be associated with obesity?

breast

Synthetic vitamins are: tested for safety and efficacy by the FDA. significantly less effective than natural vitamins. generally chemically identical to vitamins labeled "natural." always classified as a new dietary ingredient by the FDA.

generally chemically identical to vitamins labeled "natural."

Which hormone increases hunger?

ghrelin

Which of the following is an example of an acceptable structure/function claim that might appear on a dietary supplement label? helps maintain cardiovascular health prevents heart disease lowers cholesterol to prevent heart disease alleviates chest pain in individuals with heart disease

helps maintain cardiovascular health

Obesity is related to all of the following health problems or diseases EXCEPT:

influenza

Symptoms such as diarrhea, fatigue, nerve damage, birth defects, and nutrient interaction can all be a result of:

ingesting very high doses of certain supplements (above the upper limit).

Probiotics can be defined as: foods with added nutrients to replace vitamins lost in processing. the addition of the B-vitamin biotin to reduce the risk for certain cancers. nondigestible carbohydrates broken down by colon bacteria. live, beneficial bacteria found in fermented foods like yogurt.

live, beneficial bacteria found in fermented foods like yogurt.

The vitamins and minerals found in high-potency supplements: are proven to improve health and promote longevity. cannot by law exceed the percent Daily Value. may exceed the Tolerance Upper Intake Level. will not result in toxicity because any excess is excreted through the urine.

may exceed the Tolerance Upper Intake Level.

Trina's BMI is 32. This is considered:

obese

Weight loss is recommended for anyone with a BMI:

of 30 or higher.

Dietary supplements in the United States are monitored by the FDA for: purity. potency. effectiveness. reports of illness, reactions, or harmful effects.

reports of illness, reactions, or harmful effects.

Which of the following activities is NOT an example of nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) energy expenditure?

swimming laps

In the United States, nutrition surveys indicate that the people who are most likely to use dietary supplements: usually are in poor health with diets deficient in multiple nutrients. tend to already have healthful diets adequate in most nutrients. do so based primarily on the advice of their health care provider. experience immediate and significant health benefits.

tend to already have healthful diets adequate in most nutrients.

A potential negative outcome of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) is that:

the FDA does not approve new dietary ingredients or supplements; they are free to be marketed 75 days after the information has been submitted to the FDA.All of these are correct.substances that were already in the food supply prior to the DSHEA were grandfathered in as "generally recognized as safe."once the FDA announces that a product is unsafe, it can be difficult to remove it from market.the FDA must prove that a substance is unsafe in order to restrict its use or remove it from market.

Herbal supplements include all of the following characteristics, EXCEPT: the same approval process as drugs. a label that clearly states the scientific or standardized name of the plant used to make the supplement. possible toxins in addition to active components. being medicinally considered crude drugs.

the same approval process as drugs

All of the following are true in regard to functional foods, EXCEPT: they represent the largest percentage of new products introduced to the food marketplace in the United States. they are generally high in nutrients in relation to calories. they are only whole foods; processed or packaged foods would not meet the criteria. if packaged, they often include a health claim or nutrient content claim on their label.

they are only whole foods; processed or packaged foods would not meet the criteria.

Waist circumference is considered an indicator of:

visceral fat.

Which of the following would NOT meet the criteria for being called a "dietary supplement" in the United States? omega-3 fish oil capsule multivitamin and mineral tablet chewable children's multivitamin "gummy" vitamin B12 injection or shot

vitamin B12 injection or shot