Essentials of Nutrition Quiz 1
minerals
13 of these are used by the body to maintain health
starch & sugar
Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain:
nutrients
Chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion are called:
glucose
During digestion, carbohydrates are converted by enzymes into
fat
Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as what in the body.
2-3
How many days can the body survive without water?
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
The 6 nutrients found in food.
60
The body is over ____ percent water.
5-6
The body loses approximately _____ pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation.
nutrition
The proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.
fats
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon
fat soluble vitamins
Vitamins stored in fats cells; they do not have to be ingested daily
water soluble vitamins
Vitamins that are stored in the body for a short time; they should be ingested daily
essential amino acids
amino acids that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources
macro elements
are needed by the body in large amounts in order to maintain good health.
trace elements
are needed by the body in small amounts
fatty acids
are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.
simple
carbohydrates do not take long to digest and cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.
complex
carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose and help maintain proper blood sugar levels.
enzymes
chemically alter the make-up of nutrients, changing them into a form that can be readily used by cells.
saturated
fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.
complete protein
food source that contains all the essential amino acids
incomplete proteins
food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acids
water
is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body.
calorie
the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.
carbohydrates
the body's primary and immediate source of energy.
glucose
the cell's main source of energy
catabolism
the conversion of nutrients into energy
protein
the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance
metabolism
the process by which a cell converts nutrients into energy or materials
anabolism
the process by which the cells use nutrients to repair or build new tissues
cholesterol
used by the body to synthesize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.