Ethical research (100%) Psychology

A psychologist, whose primary focus is sleep behaviors, gives an acquaintance advice regarding psychiatric medication. The psychologist is considered an expert in his field. Why is this behavior unethical? The psychologist did not charge the correct fee for his advice. The psychologist gave incorrect advice to the acquaintance. The psychologist was not qualified to give psychiatric advice. The psychologist cannot give advice to someone who is not a patient.

The psychologist was not qualified to give psychiatric advice.

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows. Jane is a psychologist. She submits a study on sleep to a prestigious journal, and the journal publishes the study. Later, Jane notices that the study has a serious flaw, which makes her results meaningless. Select the option in which Jane acts ethically. A. Jane submits a correction and retraction to the journal. B. Jane defends her work, even though she knows it is flawed. C. Jane ignores the flaw and does not respond to criticisms. D. Jane submits the paper to other journals quickly.

a

Under the universal standards of conduct, psychological researchers must do all of the following except __________. A. minimize exploitation B. demonstrate competence C. gain informed consent D. respect the subject's privacy

a

A code of ethics for psychologists helps to do all of the following except __________. A. establish baselines B. establish public doubt C. establish professional integrity D. establish enforcement

b

Because much of the research in psychology was done by males on males, an argument can be made that psychology is __________. A. racist B. sexist C. ageist D. ethnocentric

b

Ethics is a discussion of how people __________ behave. A. do B. should C. can D. will

b

Which of the following is defined as the branch of psychology that is concerned with establishing the principles of right and wrong behavior? A. morals B. ethics C. behavior D. actions

b

If a psychologist violates his or her ethical obligations but breaks no laws, the American Psychological Association could take action and __________. A. send them to prison B. impose a fine C. censure them D. deport them

c

Since a Western set of values guides the definition of "normal," psychological research can be considered __________. A. sexist B. ageist C. ethnocentric D. racist

c

When a psychologist is making a determination regarding whether or not a study is ethical, one should first consider __________ versus the demand or desire for increased knowledge in a particular field of study. A. time allowed to complete study B. the money earned C. an individual's privacy D. the amount of recognition

c

A code of ethics aids psychologists in the following ways except in __________. A. establishing professional integrity B. gaining public trust C. establishing a baseline D. establishing no enforceable values

d

An ethical psychologist will __________. A. never make an unethical decision B. always make ethical decisions C. use ethics as an excuse for wrongdoing D. be committed to taking ethical action

d

One example of how psychological research can be used to control harmful behavior would be __________. A. fooling individuals through their emotions B. using propaganda to change beliefs C. manipulating others through the media D. improving communication and relationships

d

The group responsible for punishing ethical violations among psychologists is the __________. A. APA ethics committee B. police C. court system D. patients' union

A.

The five general principles from the APA are meant to __________. A. be enforceable rules B. be posted in every office C. guide and inspire good conduct D. stand up in court

C. guide and inspire good conduct

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows. Bernice is conducting a study on how homelessness affects mental disorders. Her study was conducted with no errors and the research would be clearly helpful to many people. During the study, Bernice appeared repulsed by her subjects and wore gloves and a face mask when interacting directly with them. Which of the following principles of psychology or codes of conduct did Bernice violate? Beneficence and Nonmaleficence Fidelity and Responsibility Respect for People's Rights and Dignity Competence

Respect for People's Rights and Dignity

Why do some feel that it is not okay to use psychological research as a way to control behavior?

Some individuals feel that by understanding the needs, emotions, and behaviors of others, those in authority can use the information in harmful ways that violate human rights or in ways to manipulate, fool or persuade individuals to do things they would not otherwise do.

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows. Nancy is conducting a study using college students as subjects. The purpose of the study is to see if the kind of clothing the experimenter wears will have an affect on the willingness of the subject to perform an embarrassing task. During the experiment, Nancy or one of her research assistants will approach a subject chosen at random from passersby. The experimenter will be wearing either a lab coat, a business suit, or casual clothes. The experimenter will ask the subject to do an embarrassing task. If the subject agrees, that subject will perform the task and then be asked why he or she agreed. If the subject refuses, he or she will be asked why they refused. After the single question, the subject will be dismissed and the experiment will continue. Why is this experiment unethical? How could it be improved?

There are a number of unethical elements in the experimental design. The performance task for the subjects is embarrassing and performed in public. It does not take into account the dignity of the subjects. It does not show respect for the subjects. The subjects were never informed that they were participating in a psychological study. Deception is not necessary for the successful completion of this study.The subjects were never debriefed in the study.

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows. Daniel is a junior psychologist in a prestigious research institute. Daniel studies the effects of sleep deprivation on rats. One of the researchers at the institute uses primates to study bonding between family members. Daniel notices that the primates are stored directly in the lab, rather than in the approved animal holding area. Although no animals are being harmed by this action, Daniel knows it is in violation of the laws governing animal research. Daniel also realizes that if the oversight is discovered, then the university may lose its ability to do research with animals and he may lose his job. Select the option in which Daniel acts unethically. A. Daniel makes a phone call to report the violation to the government. B. Daniel speaks directly to the supervising researcher on the project. C. Daniel reports the violation to his direct research supervisor. D. Daniel minds his own business and continues his own research.

d

The field of psychology has made great strides toward equality by ignoring minority groups. t/f?

false

Some believe that deception is a necessary tool for psychological research because deception __________. could be safely replaced by roleplaying in most cases is necessary to get accurate results in some experiments harms many of the subjects of an experiment is hurtful to the reputation of psychology in general

is necessary to get accurate results in some experiments

Depending on the study, it is sometimes necessary for psychologists to be deceptive. t/f?

true

Ethical communication with clients dictates that psychologists will keep their conversations confidential unless required by law t/f?

true

Ethics is described as the principles of right and wrong behavior. t/f?

true

Following the edicts and principles of psychology requires a highly developed moral sense. t/f?

true

Psychologists are supposed to make the most ethical decision they can in any circumstance. t/f?

true