Ethics Final

Prior to being called the American Counseling Association, our professional counseling association was called....

-American Personnel and Guidance Association -National Vocational Guidance Association -American Association for Counseling and Development

A mental health diagnosis, once entered in a clients record, may in turn impact which of the following:

-Cost of insurance -Long-term insurability -Employment

Receiving personal counseling may help a counselor....

-Increase overall wellness -Decrease the likelihood of countertransference -Attend to our own personal issues

A CACREP approved master's level programs may include WHICH types of programs?

-Student Affairs and College Counseling -Career Counseling -Marriage, Couple, and Family Counseling -Rehabilitation Counseling

According to Lazarus, it is sometimes useful to cross boundaries for the purpose of improving therapeutic rapport, but clinicians should always avoid actions that cause harm. With this in mind, which of the following types of dual relationship activities COULD be reasonable in some cases?

-Taking a walk with a client -Giving a small gift to a client, like a book -Engaging in an athletic activity with a client

Which of the following reasons are permissible for breaking client confidentiality (check ALL that apply):

-When clerical assistants handle confidential information -When the counselor consults with experts or peers -When the counselor is working under supervision

Informed consent for video and audio recordings of session should include which of the following: (select all that apply)

-how and when the recordings will be destroyed -information about why the recordings are being made -information about how they will be stored

A full CACREP accreditation cycle lasts for....

8 years

In group counseling, if a group member breaks confidentiality, it is recommended to handle this violation by:

Addressing the violation as a group

All states but WHICH currently have counseling licensure?

All states have counseling licensure

Which helping professionals are certified to prescribe psychotropic medication?

Both Psychiatrists & Psych Nurses (APRN)

What is the acronym for the educational accrediting body of our counseling program at NKU? (hint: this is the national accrediting body for counselor ed programs)

CACREP

The father of humanistic counseling and person-centered therapy, from whom we base much of our ethics and practice on today, is....

Carl Rogers

Which of the following refers to "the counselor's ethical duty to protect private client communication"?

Confidentiality

Mental health providers who are considered ______ are subject to HIPPA requirements.

Covered Entities

Whereas a boundary ___________ refers to a departure from commonly accepted practices that could potentially benefit clients; a boundary __________ is a serious breach that results in harm to clients, and is therefore considered unethical.

Crossing; Violation

What famous court case led to the deinstitutionalization of hundreds of thousands of hospitalized patients who had been held in mental institutions against their will and/or had been denied basic constitutional rights?

Donaldson v. O'Connor

In the nineteenth century, this person became a prominent champion for the improvement of humane treatment for the mentally ill, and helped establish early mental health hospitals.

Dorthea Dix

Which of the following terms refers to circumstances where case law or statues require the mental health professional to make a reasonable effort to contact the identified victim of a client's serious threats of harm, or to notify law enforcement of the threat?

Duty to warn

According to Carl Rogers, the three core conditions, or key ingredients to a positive therapeutic alliance include:

Empathy Congruence Unconditional Positive Regard

True or False? Early mental health hospitals in the 1800s were known for their ethical and fair treatment of their patients.

False

True or False? If a therapist experiences sexual attraction towards a client, the book suggests that a direct discussion about these feelings with your client is a beneficial approach.

False

True or False? In formalized therapy groups, group members are encouraged to socialize with one another outside of group in order to strengthen group dynamics

False

True or False? In most cases, school counselors have a legal obligation to obtain parental consent for school counseling with a minor.

False

True or False? In most states, for a minor to enter into a mental health counseling relationship, they generally do not have to have informed parental or guardian consent.

False

True or False? The ACA and/or ASCA codes of ethics will provide clear, straightforward guidance for every ethical dilemma that you might encounter as a practicing counselor.

False

True or False? The community standards, or what professionals actually do, are generally more rigorous than ethical standards (what professionals are prescribed to do).

False

True or False? The law requires clinicians to keep both progress and psychotherapy notes.

False

True or False? Today, counselors are traditionally trained to only work in short-term, guidance situations assisting clients in working with primarily surface issues

False

The father of guidance in America, who could arguably be called the founder of the counseling field, is....

Frank Parsons

Failure to commit a dangerous client is a prominent theme of which notable mental health court case?

Jablonksi v. United States

As of WHEN will/did CACREP and CORE effectively merge?

July 2017

Which of the following credentials is NOT associated with professional counseling (not connected to ACA, etc):

LMFT

Ginger, a student, tells Simon, her high school counselor, that she cheated on an exam. Should Simon report that Ginger cheated on her test to her teachers?

No

Jenny sees a client, Martha, who is 90 years old. After several months in therapy, Martha admits that she killed a man when she was 16 with a knife, after the man attempted to rape her. The murder of the man was never solved. Martha is currently considered to be non-dangerous. Does Jenny need to report this past crime?

No

Let's say a new counselor is working with a Vietnamese client that is struggling in their relationship with their father. The counselor encourages the client to behave more assertively towards his father, and believes that this suggestion shows beneficence (doing good and promoting the wellbeing of their client). However, the counselor is unaware that this suggestion clashes with the client's cultural norms, and their suggested action may cause more strife. Although the counselor was acting out of beneficence, they may have accidentally violated the principle of....

Nonmaleficence (avoid doing harm)

Carol is a new counselor who works in a small town. While shopping at the local grocery store, she runs into one of her new clients named Brad. Carol goes over to say hello to Brad, who is at the store with his family. Brad becomes embarrassed as his children begin to ask who Carol is. What has Carol violated by coming over to speak to Brad in public?

Privacy

The following term is a legal concept that generally bars the disclosure of confidential communication in a legal setting:

Privileged Communication

___________ can result from unjustified departure from usual practice or from failing to exercise proper care in fulfilling one's responsibilities.

Professional negligence

Which of the following curriculum areas are considered to be apart of the common core?

Professional orientation, social and cultural diversity, Human Development, career counseling, counseling and helping relationships, group counseling, assessment and testing, research and evaluation

When making an ethical decision, according to the ethical decision making model presented in the chapter.... prior to consulting with a colleague or supervisor, you should do which of the following?

Review Relevant Ethics Codes and Know Applicable Laws and Regulations

The National Defense Education act, passed in 1958, allocated increased funds to training institutions to promote more school counselors. This event was precipitated by....

Sputnik and the space race

What entity is responsible for enforcing and monitoring ethical practice of licensed counseling professionals?

State Licensure Boards

What is considered to be the most significant factor in creating client change?

The Working Alliance

Cultural competence is a critical value within the field of professional counseling. The "T" in the multicultural counseling model presented by Neukreg in the text stands for...

Trauma and other threats to wellbeing

True or False? As a working counselor, anyone at any time may file a malpractice suit against you.

True

True or False? Before coming to therapy, many clients are not aware of their rights, and may find the counseling process to be mysterious.

True

True or False? Multiple relationship issues will affect virtually all mental health practictioners.

True

True or False? Technically, you may act unprofessionally and still not act unethically.

True

True or False? There is no difference in the amount of weekly supervision required at the practicum and internship level.

True

The movement towards all states providing professional counselor licensure began in 1976 when WHAT state became the first state to pass a counselor licensing law?

Virginia

These types of ethics focus on the character traits of the counselor and nonobligatory ideals to which professionals aspire, rather than on solving specific ethical dilemmas.

Virtue Ethic

The most effective tool counselors have for responding to licensure board complaints or threats of malpractice suits is:

Well-documented counseling records

Mandatory Ethics refer to...

a level of ethical practice that counselors must comply to, and generally pertain to required professional behaviors.

An individual that is able to self-reflect, question truth, take on multiple perspectives, and evaluate situations in complex ways has WHICH of the nine characteristics of the effecting counselor?

cognitive complexity

The most rigorous form of credentialing is:

licensure

In the 1990s, the new, major shift seen in the field of professional counseling was an increased emphasis on.....

multicultural counseling

For the majority of human history, mental illness was viewed as something mystical, demonic, and untreatable. The founding of which field in the 1700s brought about scientific perspectives in understanding mental illness.

psychiatry

What term refers to combining roles and responsibilities as a professional, with your clients?

role blending

The primary purpose of codes of ethics is to:

safeguard the welfare of clients

If you believe that a colleague is acting unethically, the "best practices" first step is usually to...

speak to the colleague directly

Despite a therapists' best intention, the gradual erosion of boundaries can easily lead to problematic multiple relationships. A term used to describe this phenomena is....

the slippery slope

The benefits of informed consent include all but which of the following:

to provide absolute protection from legal action

The origin of the counseling profession lies in....

vocational guidance

Which of the following examples would generally be considered the most difficult in determining limits of confidentiality?

whether or not a client's behavior qualifies as dangerous to themselves or others