Euro Chpt 24/25
What was Britain's decisive advantage in its war with China?
Britain had control of the seas
What was the result of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?
It set up the terms for the division of most of Africa among European colonial powers
Who assassinated Rasputin in 1916?
Nationalist aristocrats
What medication proved to be effective in controlling malaria?
Qunine
What did the Petrograd soviet Army order No.1 state?
That military officers were to be stripped of their authority and power was to be placed in the hands of the elected committees of soldiers
How did the bulsheviks view of the Marxist party in Russia differ from the Mensheviks view?
The Bolsheviks wanted a small, disciplined party, while the Mensheviks wanted a Democratic Party with mass membership.
What did the Schlieffen plan call for in 1914?
A German attack through neutral Belgium and a quick defeat of France before turning on Russia
Who was Alexander Kerensky?
An important liberal political leader of the provisional government in Russia
What issue contributed to tensions between Germany and Great Britain in the first decade of the 1900s?
An intense commercial rivalry and the German decision to construct a large world-class navy
Why were Jewish immigrants in the nineteenth century unlikely to return to their native lands?
Because of violent Antisemitism in Eastern Europe The possibility of buying land in their home country
Which nations joined the war on the side of the central powers?
Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire, Belgium, Germany, Austria Hungary
What did the Treaty of Nanking require of the Chinese?
Cede the island of Hong Kong to Britain forever and extra to territoriality to British and U.S. Citizens. Pay and indemnity of $100 million. Open up 4 large cities to unlimited foreign trade with low tariffs
What was the immediate cause of the British entry into the First World War?
German invasion of neutral Belgium
What did the battle of the Marne do?
Germany's initial offensive was stopped. It also marked the beginning of the German downfall in the war
Why did Great Britain choose to seize land in Africa and Asia in the late nineteenth century?
Great Britain feared that France and Germany would seal off their empires with high tariffs, and Great Britain would lose future economic opportunities
What did Lenin believe about imperialism?
He believed that imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism
How did Lenin respond to the peasants seizure of land when he rose to power in 1917?
He mandated land reform in order to offer his approval for what the peasants had already done
What was George clemenceaus opinion at the Paris peace conference?
He wanted to create a buffer state between Germany and France
What was the goal of new imperialism of the late nineteenth century?
It was a frantic activity to create vast overseas empires
What was Bismarck's alliance system designed to do
It was designed to isolate France and to maintain peace between Russia and Austria Hungary
What was the principle of effective occupation?
It was the principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African territory after the Berlin conference
How did the war on the eastern front differ from the war on the western front?
On the eastern front battle line shifted constantly. The offensives on the western front were depressingly similar slaughters of infantry units
How did the british obtain the opium they smuggled into china?
Opium was grown legally in British-occupied India
Following the First World War, what was one of the most difficult domestic problems faced by governments?
Providing care for the large number of injured veterans
What did the "war guilt cause" in the treaty of Versailles declare?
That Germany (with Austria) was solely responsible for the war and had to pay reparations
What was the fatal turning point in the Russian prosecution of the war?
The Tsar's decision to assume command of Russia's armies, leaving the government in the hands of the strong willed, autocratic tsarina
To what extent did new imperialism result in economic gains and why?
The gains were limited because the new colonies were too poor to buy European goods and offered few immediately profitable investments
Rudyard Kipling's "white man's burden" referred to what?
The white race's supposed duty to civilize inferior, nonwhite races
Why did the Germans accept the treaty of Versailles?
They had little alternative, especially as the naval blockade was still in place and the German people were starving
Why did the Austria Hungary deliberately choose war in July 1914?
To stand the tide of hostile nationalism within its borders
