european history midterm Mckinnis

What Frankish king was crowned in 800

Charlemagne

What was a contract between a merchant and a merchant adventurer

Commenda

Who was the most powerful of the medicis

Cosimo

What book did Henry write

Defense of Seven Sacraments

which of the following countries dominated the spice trade in modern day Indonesia during the late 17th cent

Dutch republic

what weakened the power of the Medici's

French invasions

What family was known As the white rose

House of York

The major figure of the Scottish Reformation who was instrumental in making Presbyterian the dominant church in Scotland was

John Knox

What family was known as the red rose

Lancaster

What was the main language spoken in the western half of the Roman Empire

Latin

Which of these animals did machivelli say rulers should act like

Lion and fox

In what city was the first bible printed

Mainz Germany

who wrote oration on the dignity of man

Pico Della Mirandola

who wrote the unam sanctam

Pope Boniface VIII

where were the Vikings from

Scandinavia

what battle turned the tide of the 100 years war

battle of Bosworth field

what was the effect of the edict of Milan

legalizes Christianity

where did luther establish a theocracy

no where

the price revolution of the 16h cent led directly to

price rising

which of the following statements concerning the doctrine of the Anglican Church under Henry VIII is accurate

salvation could be achieved through good works

in feudalism what position could a peasant hold

serf

The victims of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre (1572

) were Huguenots. 20,000 killed under Catherin de Medicis orders

What percentage of Europe died from the black plague

1/3 25 million

when did the Christian church split into two halves

1054

When was the battle of Hastings

1066

When was the sack of rome

1527

Which of the following is true concerning the Edict of Nantes

1598 henry Iv granted a degree of religious tolerance to Huguenots, permitted hug. The right to worship privately, public not permitted. Not allowed to worship in paris. Access to universities. Truce in religious wars rather recognition. Gave hug. More religious freedom.

how long did the crusades last

195

What is perspective

3-D effect

when was the battle of Milvian Bridge

312

when was the edict of Milan

321

how many crusades were there

8

In what city was the Hagia Sophia built

Constantinople

what council issued Sacrosancta

Council of Trent

What is sfumato

Developed by Leonardo a technique of blurring it softening outlines

Which king started the 100 years war

Edward III

Which of the following pairs can be considered politiques for their ability and willingness to compromise in order to further their political goals?-

Elizabeth I and Henry IV

all of the following countries or regions had a significant Calvinist movement by the early 17th century except

England

which of the following was known as the prince of the humanists and in such works as in praise of folly criticized the clergy and abuses that he saw in the Christian church

Erasmus

Who was the foremost northern renaissance artist

Eryk

what caused the Viking raids to end

Europeans learned new strat. farming became easier and Vikings became civilized

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the Thirty Years' War?

Failure of the Peace of Augsburg

Who translated platos work into Latin

Ficino

which of the following countries could likely be called the winner of the 100 years war

France

where did calvin establish a theocracy

Geneva

which of the following statements is true regarding the peace of augsburg

German princes were allowed to determine whether the states were catholic or Lutheran

into which of the following countries did Protestantism not spread significantly during the sixteenth century I

Ireland

Who unifed spain with her husband?

Isabella of Castille

Which time period were fee standing sculptures

Italian Renaissance

Under which king was the model parliment introduced

King Edward I

Which of the medicis was called the magnificent

Lorenzo

which of the following was the founder of the Jesuit order

Loyola

The fall of Constantinople in 1453 had a significant impact on Renaissance humanism in Italy bc

Many Greek scholars for there with books and manuscripts

A major difference between the Italian Renaissance and northern was that the Italian

People stayed catholic

Which of the following is considered the father of humanism who desicibed the medieval period the dark ages

Petrarch

Elizabeth I of England and Henry IV of France were similar in their

Politque

what pope was the most notirous of the renaissance popes?

Pope Alexander VI

In what time period was there a sexual double standard

Renaissance

What word was used in the Italian Renaissance for a despot

Signori

Where did Zwingli establish a theocracy

Switzerland

What brought the Black Death to Europe

Trade ships

The Defenestration of Prague was a cause of which of the following wars?

Triggered war in Bohemia

what was the longest lasting Italian state

Venice

What kept the balance of power between Italian city states

Weaker states would ally with stronger

What title did William the conqueror hold before becoming king of England

William duke of Normandy

Why is the battle of Hastings significant

William would claim lands of Normandy

what caused the city of rome to fall

barbarian invasions

what battle ended the war of the roses

battle of Bosworth field

what did Philip VI persuade the college of cardinals to do

choose a French archbishop

All of the following were used to reduce the power of the obility in early modern europe execpt

condottieri

In which council was the first crusade callec

council of Clermont

Religions divisons within England in the late sixteenth century resulted in

execution of Mary of Scotts

where was the 100 years war fought

france

which of the following was the first european explorer to find an all water route toindia

gama

which of these was a social result of the crusades

improved status of women and increased trade links

which of the following works had the biggest impact of the protestant reformation in 1517

in praise of folly

A major difference between European society in the renaissance compared to society in the later middle ages was that renaissance society experienced

increased publication of written works

what king was forced to sign a document guarenteeing the rights of the nobles

king john

in which time period was literature based upon literature

middle ages

what was unique about the fourth crusade

never happened instead attacked and sacked Constantinople

the rights of a german prince to choose either catholoicism or lutherism as the official faith was established as a result of

peace of augsburg

which of the following statements is true concerning the council of trent

reaffirmed traditional doctrine of RCC

all of the following were aspects of the Catholic reformation except

recognition of faith and grace as only neccsities of salvation

which of the following statements best reflects the Elizabethan settlements during late sixteenth century

required conformity of the church of England and but people allowed to worship prot. and Catholicism. many changes

which of the following statements concerning the protestant reformation is true

strengthen power of secular rules

The sixteenth-century religious wars that plagued France ended with

the Edict of Nantes 1598

which of the following was a long term consequnce of spains conquest of the new world

the creation of a new popoulation called the mestizos

which of the following was a direct result of the Spanish reconquista

the last stronghold of muslims was removed from Iberian penn

the specific abuse that luther addressed in his 95 theses was

the sale of indulgences

Elizabeth I of England and Henry IV of France were similar in

their willingness to compromise in order to further their political goals

Which of the following statements is true concerning the Anabaptists of the sixteenth century

they believed in a strong voluntary association of believers/ no connection with state

Elizabeth I attempted to reduce religious conflict in England through a compromise creed of faith known as the

thirty nine articles

who wrote utopia

thomas moore

All of the following were Catholic Church abuses criticized by religious reformers prior to the Reformation except

transubstantiation

in order to prevent military conflicts between spain and portual over the issue new world claims pope alexander IV in 1494 issued the

treaty of tordesillas

what pope called for the first crusades

urban II

in feudalism what position could a peasant hold

vassal

during the late 16th cent the first enclosure movements in england were designed to increase

wool production

when did the emperor appeal for help

1095

When was the council of Nicea

325

All of the following were important aspects of the Catholic reformation except

Augsburg confession

To what town was the papacy moved

Avignon

Where was the 100 years war fought

France

Who pledged to rid Florence of its corruption

Girolamo Savonarola

What was the main language spoken in the eastern half of the Roman Empire

Greek

all of the following were new monarchs in early modern europe except

Isabella

What king was forced to sign a document guaranteeing the rights of the nobles

John

what emperor built the Hagia Sophia

Justianian

What king kidnapped boniface VIII

Philip IV

What king kidnappedPop Boniface

Philip IV or VI

what was the main point of Clericos Laicos

Popes > kings

Which of the following was the most important in the early development of Portuguese exploration during the mid to late fifteenth century

Prince Henry the Navigator

Who ruled the duchy of Milan

Sforza family

Which of the following was known as the foremost expert on Latin language during the Italian Renaissance

Valla

what was the name of the land the Vikings settled in North America

Vinland

to what town was the papacy moved

avignon

the fundemental goal of a mercantiist country in the 17thcent would have been

favorable balance of trade with other nations

what French cloth making town did Edward want to have English wool

flanders

what two ancient languages were studied by humanists?

latin and greek

William of Orange was a significant political figure in the late sixteenth century because

led 17 provonves against the Spanish Inquisition

All of the following were Calvinist groups in the sixteenth century except

mennoite

in what time period was divorce non existant

middle ages

The council of trent was significant because

reformed abused within the Catholic church

How did Joan of arc die

Burned at the stake

the center of the renaissance culture during the fifteenth century

Florence

Against what group were programs started after the crusades

Jewish groups

the fourteenth century English reformist whose views embodied in the lollard movement was

John Wycliff

Which of the following embodied the Lutheran ideal of a devoted and companionate spouse

Katherine Von Bora

Who wrote Don Quixote

Miguel de Cervanted

Who wrote oration of dignity of man

Mirandola

One of the greatest accomplishments of Erasmus was

Praise of folly

What Protestant group took hold in scotland

Presbyerterian

The central religious issue in England between 1534 and 1689 was the extent to which

Protestants would remain dominant force in church of England

Which of the following statements concerning Oliver Cromwell's rule in England is true?

Puritan independent and military leader of the roundheads eventually led his new model to ictory in 1649..

According to humanist which of these elements constituted a good life

Reason and nature

What is chiaroscuro

Use of dark and light colors to create illusion of death

what is a vassal

anyone who accepted a fief.. personal oath of loyalty

in the guild system what was the lowest person called

apprentice

Which of the following statements best reflects the immediate result of Pride's Purge (1648)

elements of the new model army removed all non puritans and Presbyterians

which of the following crimes did joan of arc convicted

heresy

martin luthers most fundamental theological idea was that

it was faith alone and gods grace that salvation could be achieved

during the commerical revolution of the 16th cent an institution that wwas a forerunner pf the modern corporation was the

joint stock comapny

the social class at the forefront of the commercail revolution in the 16th cent was the

middle class

A sig percentage of Spains jews and moors were removed by Ferinand of Aragon and CAstile as a result of the

reconquista

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Treaty of Westphalia?

renewal of peace of Augsburg but added Calvinism. Guaranteed that germany would remain perm. Divided .dissolution of the HRE confirmed. Netherlands and Switzerland gained ind. From spain. The pope was denied the right intervene in HRE affairs. Spain and Australian Hapsburg weakened

a major cause of the price revoltion in the mid 17thcent was the `

rise of population

During the protestant reformation the French government maintained a policy of

support of Lutheran princes

which of the following figures provided the foundation upon which puritanism was based

John Calvin

in his critique of the RCC Martin Luthers 95 these focused most on

lack of biblical justification for sale of indulgences

in the 14th and 15th centuries mystics such as Thomas kempis

laid foundation for protestant personal approach to worship

The Lutheran Reformation in Germany emphasized

priesthood of believers

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the English Civil War?

religious persecution of puritans by Charles I became the biggest reason for the English Civil War

which European ruler posed the biggest threat to the spread of Protestantism in the sixteenth century

Charles V

What did Philip IV persuade the college of cardinals to do

Choose a French archbishop as new pope

What alphabet was given to the Slavs of Eastern Europe

Cyrillic

when did the city of Rome fall

476

Who was the first person to coin the term humanism

Bruni

What civilized the Vikings

Christianity

what king chose an antipope

Charles V

which of the following pairs can be considered poitiques for their ability and willingness to compromise in order to further their political goals

Elizabeth and henry IV of france

compared to life in the middle ages the typical peasant during the renaissance would have experienced

few changes

which of the following was the most profitable commonity in emerging global trade during the commercial revolution

sugar

which of the following statements best reflects a major cause for the increased power of the new monarchs in ealry modern europe

tax supported royal armies

what group was harassing the Byzantine empire that began the crusades

warriors from central asia and Seljuk turks

the most powerful European ruler at the time of the protestant reformation was

Charles V

which of the following was thebmost important economic and mercantile center in europe durng the last half of the 16 century

Geneva

Who turned the tide in the 100 years war for the French

Joan of arc

Who became the unifying pope

Martin V

who became the unifying pope

Martin V

What is the pieta

Mary holds limp body of Christ

What nationality did the people of the Byzantine empire consider themselves

Roman

What are the names of the two halves of the Christian church

Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox

which of the following 16th century catholic figures had a significant impact in promoting emotionalism and a personal relationship with God

Teresa of Avila

Who won the battle of Hastings

William duke of Normandy

which of the following statements regarding the Colloquy of Msrburg in 1529 is correct

debate between luther and Zwingli.. spilt within Protestantism

Which among the following was an important cause of the English Civil War?

persecution of puritans by Charles I

which of the following was the most important reason for the success of both Renaissance culture and the Protestant Reformation

Advent of the printing press

what byzantine emperor appealed for aid from the west

Alexios I

which of the following was highly critical of the way in which NA were treated by spanish in the new world

Aluquerque

which of the following sects allowed women to preach in their congregations

Anglican

The above scripture the ecstasy of st Teresa by Gianlorenzo Bernini is most likely a work of which of the following styles

Baroque

the statue of david was created in which of the following styles

Baroque

What battle period turned the tide of the 100 years war

Battle of Orleans

Baroque ideas and values were embodied most profoundly in the work of

Bernini

the round colonnade in front of st peters Basilica at the Vatican was designed by

Bernini

the french monarchy infer francisis I gained in 1516 the right to appoint its own bishop and exercise greater control over the Cath church in france as a result of

Bologna

Who created III Duoma

Brunelleschi

What king chose a antipope

Charles V

rounded tip of Africa

Dias

Which of the following was a result of the Thirty Years' War?

Germany phys. Devastated. Germany was further divided by the decline of the HRE. Ended the wars of religion, rise of france as dominating power, cont. rise of englnd Netherlands and Prussia. Balance of power diplomacy in europe

who wrote the prince

Niccolo Machiavelli

which of the following pope was the most influenical in reforming church practices and reaffirmine church doctrines during the Catholic Reformation

Paul III

During the Thirty Years' War, the Lutheran movement was saved from extinction by the military intervention of which of the following?

Peace of Augsburg

who issued clericos laicos

Pope Boniface VIII

Which of these elements did not

Religion

Which of the following statements is true concerning Philip II of Spain?

Sought to re-impose Catholicism I Europe. Became the dominant country in Europe "Golden Age of Spain" Escorial new royal palace was built in shape of grill to commermorate the martyrdom of st lawerence.. symbolized the power of philip as well as his commitment to his Cath. crusade

which of the following sought to reduce the further spread of Protestantism in central Europe during the sixteenth century

council of trent

what humanist influenced Calvin

institute of the Christian religion

which of the following statements best explains how humanism influenced the protestant reformation

new latin and greek translations of bible influenced church reformers to challenge Catholicism authorities

what was papal supremacy

pope in charge church over state

which of the following was a important tool in helping the english monarch increase its power during the late 15h cent,

star chamber