Evolution

What is the term for the process by which modern organisms have descended from earlier lifeforms?

Evolution

T or F Finches flew to a different island because their beak was better adapted to food there.

False

T or F Finches must adapt their beak to the environment or they will die.

False

T or F If the environment changes, finches must mutate a new beak.

False

T or F Mutations are adaptations to the environment.

False

T or F Mutations occur when DNA comes from another source other than the parents.

False

What is the term for a random change in an organism's DNA; it can have a positive, negative or neutral effect on the organism?

Mutation

What is the term for the process by which the individuals best adapted to their environment tend to survive and pass their traits to subsequent generations?

Natural Selection

Bacteria become resistant to antibiotics when a few individual resistant bacteria survive and reproduce, passing their resistance on to the next generation. What is this process called?

Natural selection

"Mutations are random. Natural selection is not." Does this mean that mutations are caused by changes in the environment?

No

What is the term for the process of one species developing into two or more species that can no longer mate?

Speciation

T or F Different environments select for different beak adaptations.

True

T or F If the environment changes, finches with beaks that are better adapted have a better chance of surviving to reproduce.

True

T or F Mutations are a change in the genotype of an organism.

True

T or F Mutations are always a change in an organisms DNA

True

T or F Mutations can be beneficial

True

T or F Speciation occurred when populations of finches became isolated from each other and after a long time could no longer mate.

True

T or F The original population of finches had variation in size and shape of beaks.

True

What must exist in a population for natural selection to occur?

a variation of traits

What is the term for any trait of an organism that increases its chances of surviving and reproducing?

adaptation