Exam 1-Applied Behavior Analysis

When drawing a graph, the axes is drawn in a ratio of:

2;3

a traditional reversal design has

4 phases

Reversal Design

A small-N design in which a researcher observes a problem behavior both before and during treatment, and then discontinues the treatment for a while to see if the problem behavior returns.

single subject design

A wide variety of research designs that use a form of experimental reasoning called baseline logic to demonstrate the effects of the independent variable on the behavior of individual subjects.

Which component is missing from the following objective? "When presented with a textbook and the verbal directive to read a specific page, Allison will open her book and begin reading."

Criteria for acceptable performance

positive reinforcement

John was scheduled to take a spelling test each Friday. His mother told him if he received 90% correct or better for three out of four spelling test he would get to buy a new video game. His mother was employing which of the following behavioral techniques?

ABAB Design

Single-subject design A - baseline established B - treatment offered A - withdraw tx for a time B - offer tx again To show effectiveness of tx

Excited about her classroom visitors, Ms. Phillips points to Olivia and explains that although she has a learning disability, she has made progress in math over the past two weeks. Which ethical rule has Ms. Phillips broken?

The right to a therapeutic environment

In an attempt to keep ahead with his paperwork, Mr. Martin goes ahead and writes Frankie's IEP goals, objectives, and behavior management plan for the next year before the IEP meeting. Which ethical rule is Mr. Martin ignoring?

The right to services whose overriding goal is personal welfare

A temper tantrum is an example of a dependent variable

True

One way of using visual inspection for evaluating single subject designs is by looking at the means of the data phases.

True

The existence of a functional relation can be determined through use of a multiple baseline design

True

The existence of a functional relation can be determined through use of reversal design

True

The treatment or intervention procedure which will be used to change a behavior is the dependent variable.

True

genetic characteristics may increase the probability of certain behavioral characteristics

True

who is associated with behaviorism

Watson

The primary reason to behave ethically is to:

act consistently with what one believes is right

which of the following is not considered to be an observational recording system

anecdotal recording

Voluntary participation is facilitated by

avoiding threats and incentives that are too powerful

A histogram is a form of:

bar graph

respondent behavior

behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus

operant behaviors

behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences

setting events

circumstances which temporarily alter the power of a reinforcer

antecedent stimuli or conditions may be defined by. the teacher to set up the appropriate response they may include

demonstration verbal instruction and manner of assistance

"Brooke was out of her seat for 16 minutes during lunch period" is an example of what behavioral dimension?

duration

While in the community, Miss Nelson records whether or not Ethan is able to independently perform each step of the shopping task analysis. This is an example of what recording procedure?

event recording

A continuity break in a data path is used when there is a break in the expected sequence of intervention.

false

A teacher and a paraprofessional observed a student in class using a new computer program simulation. Using 20 second intervals they recorded the data which appears below. These data are in sufficient agreement for a behavior change program to begin.(T) X X X O X X O O X O(P) X O X O X O O O X X

false

Consent that ensures voluntary participation in behavior change programs must be both voluntary and considered socially valid.

false

It is unethical to exclude any student from the regular classroom regardless of its positive or negative effects.

false

Of the observational data recording systems, the one which results in the most accurate representation of the occurrence of the behavior is interval recording.

false

The following is an acceptable behavioral objective: Bill will increase his skills in basketball by 50% for 3 weeks.

false

a generalized response is one that occurs after instruction has been terminated

false

"When presented with a fast food menu at Burger Barn, Brooke will place her order within 30 seconds, 8 out of 10 trials over 3 consecutive weeks." This objective represents the ________ level of response competence.

fluency

emphasizes that learning is a process of imposing structure on perceived information

gestalt psychology

Miss Curry decides to decrease Rico's use of inappropriate language by requiring him to lose a behavior point for every inappropriate word he uses each day. Once implemented, she again gathers data on the number of times he uses inappropriate language in her class. This data condition is known as:

intervention

Duration

is a measurement of how long a student engages in a behavior

Cole has difficulty making it to the bus stop on time each school morning. His parents purchased him a new alarm clock that sounds promptly at 6:15 a.m. Cole has yet to fail to get out of bed once his alarm has sounded. However, 45-minutes does not seem to be enough time for Cole to eat breakfast and get ready for school. Cole's parents have decided that he probably needs to get up earlier. What recording procedure could his parents use to determine how much earlier to set the alarm clock?

latency recording

Mrs. Jakes wanted to address Murray's reading comprehension using a new instructional program. For baseline, she measured:

murray's reading comprehension using the new instructional program

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria set forth by Baer, Wolf, and Risley (1968) as the qualifications for research to be considered applied behavior analysis:

must be an aberrant behavior

which of the following components would be represented on the abscissa

number of session

includes explanations distant from observed behavior and its relationship to the environment

parsimonious explanation

behaviorist are LEAST concerned with

past events

to write effective objectives, the applied behavior analyst must

refine broad generalizations into specific observable measurable objectives

changing conditions design

successive change in conditions for performance of behavior to evaluate comparative effects of intervention

verifiable behaviors must be

testable

Applied Behavior Analysis is used to define the systematic methods employed for behavior change taught in this course.

true

At Bloom's learning level of analysis, the student should demonstrate the ability to bring parts together resulting in a different, original, or creative whole.

true

Behavioral objectives improve communication among professionals.

true

It is not ethical to assure parents that if a procedure is used, their child will no longer require placement in a special class.

true

On a graph, data points are not connected across conditions.

true

The following is an acceptable behavioral objective: After eating his dinner, Jerome will take his plate to the kitchen sink with no more than one verbal reminder 4 out of 5 days per week for four weeks.

true

The method of data collection that provides the most accurate record of how long a behavior occurs is duration recording.

true

The ordinate scale always begins at "0."

true

The term "behavior modification" refers ONLY to procedures derived from the experimental analysis of human behavior.

true

permanent products are tangible items or environmental effects that result from a behavior

true

time sampling would be the most appropriate method for recording which behavior

wandering around classroom/out of seat