Exam 1 FA Davis Questions

How is "mild" traumatic brain injury in school-age children defined? Headaches and photosensitivity Nausea and vomiting Stiff neck and blurry vision Headache and problems with concentration

Headache and problems with concentration

An infant presents to the emergency department with paroxysmal coughing fits that are followed by a "whoop" sound afterward. Which of the following communicable diseases does the infant have? Respiratory syncytial virus Influenza Rubella Pertussis

Pertussis

Using the Roy Adaptation Model, during periods of altered family processes occurring in adolescence, the priority nursing interventions should be focused on which modes? Select all that apply. Psychological Self-concept Role-function Interdependence Interdependence and self-concept

Self-concept Role-function Interdependence Interdependence and self-concept

The nurse completed a cultural assessment on an adolescent patient who is being treated for recurrent episodes of gallbladder problems. Which finding should the nurse associate as being most useful when providing care for this patient's condition? The patient's family prefers all natural foods and cooks with many hot spices. The patient has a large extended family that lives in the home. The patient's grandfather is considered the head of the household. The patient will have a party when she turns 15 next month.

The patient's family prefers all natural foods and cooks with many hot spices.

The mother of twin boys states that they are constantly fighting with each other in her presence since turning 3 years old. She asks the nurse the possible reason for it. The nurse's response should be based upon an understanding of which aspect of normal development? Sibling rivalry is often used to gain attention from parents. It is unusual for twins to compete with each other, so there may be an underlying issue. The twins are reacting negatively to the mother's presence. The mother should allow the twins to work out the issues on their own regardless of how they are acting.

Sibling rivalry is often used to gain attention from parents.

A nurse is administering the vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). The nurse knows that this vaccine is administered in which site? Deltoid Vastus lateralis Gluteus maximus Subcutaneously

Subcutaneously

A mother asks the nurse at a wellness clinic why her infant is drooling. What assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that the infant is teething? Prolonged fussiness Sucking on the hands Presence of Epstein pearls Generalized rash

Sucking on the hands

The nurse found an asymmetrical response with the Moro reflex. What does this abnormal response indicate? Diminished stepping Weak finger grasp Slow response with sleeping Temporary injury to the brachial plexus

Temporary injury to the brachial plexus

After teaching a parental session about negative behaviors in adolescence, the nurse determined the parents understood the concept of "the scapegoat role." Which statement would indicate that no further teaching is required? The child is blamed for someone's wrongdoing. The parent is blamed for the child's wrongdoing. The child acts out in school to deflect from family problems. The child transfers feelings towards the counselor during the session.

The child acts out in school to deflect from family problems.

The nurse is teaching parents about child abuse. What statement indicates that the parents need more education? "We will use a car seat each time we take the infant out." "I cannot get out of bed every time the infant cries during the night." "My mother is the best babysitter we have today." "I know we need to get a babysitter when we leave the house."

"I cannot get out of bed every time the infant cries during the night."

The nurse is caring for a client in the pediatrician's office. Which statement by the nurse should be included in the client education? Select all that apply. "It is important to wear a helmet while bike riding." "Always walk along the flow of traffic." "Before you begin babysitting, review basic first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation." "Because of the risk of choking, avoid nuts and grapes." "A seatbelt over your lap and shoulder should be worn while in your booster seat."

"It is important to wear a helmet while bike riding." "A seatbelt over your lap and shoulder should be worn while in your booster seat."

In educating a mother of a child with laryngomalacia, which statement is correct? "Symptoms usually resolve by age 2." "Your child will most likely need a tracheostomy." "Your child will definitely have feeding problems." "Administration of albuterol is most important in this condition."

"Symptoms usually resolve by age 2."

A student nurse asks about the increased incidence of measles in the United States. What is the best response from the nurse regarding the cause of this increase? "Vaccines have lost effectiveness due to mutations in the disease itself." "There has been a re-emergence of preventable diseases due to decreases in immunization rates." "Measles has been eradicated in the United States, but is still present in other countries." "Poor hygiene has led to an increase in the spread of this illness."

"There has been a re-emergence of preventable diseases due to decreases in immunization rates."

A 3-year-old who is hospitalized following surgery cries every time his mother leaves the room. The mother expresses concern, as this is not normal behavior at home. Which is the most appropriate response from the nurse? "This is normal behavior for toddlers who are hospitalized." "This is separation anxiety and typically disappears by 9 months. Possibly the child is showing signs of pain." "This crying will cause unnecessary stress during recovery, so you will need to stay with the child unless they are asleep." "Perhaps the child is getting spoiled from all of the attention you provided right after surgery."

"This is normal behavior for toddlers who are hospitalized."

The nurse is performing a cultural assessment on an 8-year-old child with juvenile Tay-Sachs disease. What questions would be important for the nurse to ask? Select all that apply. "What culture do you consider yourself a part of?" "Are your cultural beliefs important to you?" "What do you believe is the biggest stereotype about your culture?" "How is your culture misrepresented?" "Do you have a social support system within your cultural community?"

"What culture do you consider yourself a part of?" "Are your cultural beliefs important to you?" "Do you have a social support system within your cultural community?"

Place the following pain assessment scales in the appropriate order of use, from youngest to oldest patient. - FACES - FLACC - VAS - CRIES

- CRIES - FLACC - FACES - VAS

The mother of a 14-month-old is concerned that her child does not talk as much as other children in the same day care. What should the nurse understand about normal speech development for this age? The child should be able to speak in sentences with two to three words by this age. The child should be able to use the words, "I" and "me" in a sentence by this age. Language is so individual, so speech delays are not diagnosed until school years. The child should be able to speak approximately five words by this age.

The child should be able to speak approximately five words by this age.

The nurse is assessing a 6-year-old child. According to Piaget, what should the nurse expect to observe in the child at this stage? Select all that apply. The child's thinking is influenced by fantasy. The child understands the concept of time. The child is able to think abstractly. The child is able to think about things that are not in the present. The child's language skills are fully developed.

The child's thinking is influenced by fantasy. The child is able to think about things that are not in the present.

Scoliosis screenings should begin at what age? 9 years 11 years 10 years 12 years

12 years

How long before the procedure should topical EMLA cream be applied to decrease the pain associated with an intramuscular injection? 45 minutes 4 hours 90 minutes 2 hours

2 hours

Growth spurts in boys and girls typically happen over what duration of time? 24-36 months 36-48 months 24-48 months 36-72 months

24-36 months

At what age should annual influenza vaccines first be given to children?

6 months

The nurse is monitoring the newborn's respirations. What respiratory rate is most concerning for the nurse? 42 48 58 66

66 breaths per minute

Identify the items that are known risk factors for child maltreatment. Select all that apply. A first-born child whose parents were of older age at the time of delivery A child whose primary care giver has suffered a loss of income A child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder A child with a chronically ill sibling A child with both biological parents living in the household

A child whose primary care giver has suffered a loss of income A child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder A child with a chronically ill sibling

The nurse is discussing a safety plan for a family. Which is an important item to include in this plan? A meeting place outside the home in case of fire or other emergency A single door to exit in case of fire or emergency Teaching toddlers how to safely turn off the stove Making sure the child knows to turn off electronics after use

A meeting place outside the home in case of fire or other emergency

Which statement does the nurse understand to be true about clients admitted with pertussis (whooping cough)? A paroxysmal cough frequently at night might be present. The client should be maintained on contact precautions/isolation. Peak occurrence is in the fall and winter. It is most often caused by Haemophilus influenzae.

A paroxysmal cough frequently at night might be present.

Which abnormal finding indicates to the nurse that a child likely has cystic fibrosis (CF)? A positive sweat chloride test A positive blood culture Excessive mucus production Edema and weight gain

A positive sweat chloride test

What benefits should the nurse expect when effective communication and family-centered care are provided? Select all that apply. A sense of trust between the family and nursing staff Improved coping strategies by the hospitalized child Increase in pain medication needs No change in stress that other family members experience Decrease in anxiety felt by the patient and/or other family members

A sense of trust between the family and nursing staff Improved coping strategies by the hospitalized child Decrease in anxiety felt by the patient and/or other family members

The nurse assesses developmental milestones of a 2-month-old infant. What is a normally expected developmental milestone? Doubled birth weight Able to blow bubbles Begins to drool Has coordinated eye movements

Able to blow bubbles

The nurse is performing a head-to-toe assessment on a newborn delivered vaginally 22 minutes ago. What finding is concerning, requiring immediate attention? White papules over the nose Bluish discolorations on buttocks Absent or weak suck reflex Symmetrical abduction and extension of arms and legs when startled

Absent or weak suck reflex

The nurse understands that school-age children must pay special attention to dental changes during this stage. At what age do adult teeth begin to erupt? Age 5 Age 6 Age 7 Age 8

Age 6

The nurse understands that childhood is divided into five stages. What is the age range considered to apply to school-age children? Ages 5-13 Ages 3-6 Ages 12-18 Ages 6-12

Ages 6-12

The pediatric nurse uses parent chaperones for routine medical examinations. In which situation would the nurse consider a medical chaperone as a better option? A toddler requiring an anogenital examination An adolescent requiring a vaginal examination A preschooler requiring an anogenital examination A school-age child with caring parents

An adolescent requiring a vaginal examination

Which statement would the nurse identify as an example of medical abuse of a child? An ill child is not allowed to be taken for care due to parents' religious objections. Parents choose not to provide a hearing aid for a school-aged child due to the stigma of wearing it. A child is alone at home after school for several hours every day. A child is left alone prior to school in the morning and is expected to take their own medications.

An ill child is not allowed to be taken for care due to parents' religious objections.

The pediatric nurse is working with a father who tells the nurse that the mother of the child is punishing the child with starvation. How would the nurse demonstrate veracity when the health-care provider asks why the child is underweight? Answers the health-care provider's questions honestly Refuses to answer the health-care provider's questions Defers the health-care provider to ask the parents Tells the health-care provider that the father is afraid of the mother

Answers the health-care provider's questions honestly

Which of the following are components of premenstrual syndrome? Select all that apply. Tiredness Pain Anxiety Crying Breast engorgement

Anxiety Crying Tiredness

The nurse is applying EMLA cream to a patient before a painful procedure. Which action is not safe and effective nursing care for EMLA cream application? Assess for allergic reaction Apply 5 hours before procedure Apply a large "glob" Apply dressing over medication

Apply 5 hours before procedure

The nursery nurse is familiar with prophylactic medications for newborns. Which newborn medication has a special consideration of protecting from light? Aquamephyton Erythromycin Silver nitrate Recombivax HB

Aquamephyton

A new mother asks the nurse what the expected color the infant's stool should be. What is an important question for the nurse to ask the mother? Did the infant have a meconium stool yet? Are you breastfeeding or using formula? Why are you worried about the stool? Did you see loose stool when you changed the diaper?

Are you breastfeeding or using formula?

The nurse is seeing an adolescent who has just admitted to smoking cigarettes. What should the nurse do next? Ask the client about their use of other substances. Educate the client on the dangers of tobacco. Offer the client information on electronic cigarettes. Tell the client's parents about their cigarette use.

Ask the client about their use of other substances.

The nurse is orienting a new graduate to the unit when she notes the new graduate weighs a 3-year-old with clothing on. What is the best action for the nurse to take? Recognize the new graduate is respecting the child's privacy and record the weight. Ask the new graduate to reweigh the child wearing only underwear or a dry diaper. Quietly reweigh the child in private so as not to embarrass the new graduate. Ask the mother what the last known weight was to compare it with the current value.

Ask the new graduate to reweigh the child wearing only underwear or a dry diaper.

The mother of a 2-year-old asks the nurse advice on what toys are appropriate for this age. Which toy selection by the mother would be concerning for the nurse? Building blocks Tricycle Play Doh Bead stringing toys

Bead stringing toys

A mother is considering potty-training her twin boy and girl children. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in determining readiness? Select all that apply. Both children wear a diaper only at bedtime but stay dry during naps. Boys are able to stand while voiding. Girls should consistently wipe back to front after voiding. Both children should have regular bowel movements. Both children are able to pull pants up and down on their own.

Both children should have regular bowel movements. Both children are able to pull pants up and down on their own.

Which screening tool is useful in identifying alcohol and substance abuse in the adolescent population? HEADDS tool CRAFFT tool CAM assessment Faces tool

CRAFFT tool

The nurse is caring for a newborn infant. When teaching the mother about physical development, the nurse explains that infants can control their head and neck before they can control their arms and legs. This type of development is referred to as:

Cephalocaudal

Which assessment findings would you expect in a child diagnosed with asthma? Select all that apply. Cough worse in the morning and clearing by nighttime Chest tightness Wheezing Prolonged inspiration Nut allergy

Chest tightness Wheezing Nut allergy

To decrease the school-age child's anxiety about a surgical procedure, the nurse will enlist the services of which member of the health-care team? Child-life specialist Surgical nurse practitioner Anesthesiologist Social worker

Child-life specialist

Which component reflects the relationship-based care model of pediatric nursing? There is dignity and respect for the child and family. Children and families are actively engaged in all aspects of care, including decision-making. Care coordination is established, including hospital discharge and primary care coordination. There is proactive outreach to ensure timely well child care.

Children and families are actively engaged in all aspects of care, including decision-making.

The pediatric nurse has calculated her patient will receive 0.5 mL of a medication and asks a peer to verify her medication dosage prior to administration. Which rationale explains why this is particularly important in a pediatric setting? Most medications given to children have not been researched with child subjects; therefore, side effects are more likely. Children's medications are based on weight or body surface area for dosing. Infants and young children will not recognize if the wrong medication is being given. Smaller volumes of medications require wasting, so another nurse must verify the waste.

Children's medications are based on weight or body surface area for dosing.

During the admission of a toddler to the ward, the nurse observed that all questions were answered by only the male family member without consultation from other members. This is characteristic of which family structure? Open Closed Insularity Protective

Closed

The nurse is evaluating a new patient using the transcultural assessment model. Which aspects should the nurse use to evaluate the patient? Select all that apply. Communication and how thoughts and feelings are expressed Personal space between the individuals who are communicating Time, both the perception of time and when daily events should occur in general Political beliefs and affiliations Biological variations, such as appropriate weight and development

Communication and how thoughts and feelings are expressed Personal space between the individuals who are communicating Time, both the perception of time and when daily events should occur in general Biological variations, such as appropriate weight and development

A 3-month-old infant is transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit for pertussis. Caregiver education would include which of the following statements? Vaccines are highly effective and last 2 years. Coughing spells may last 4 to 8 weeks. Treatment is limited due to the viral nature of the illness. Your child is more susceptible to reoccurrence after 10 years of age.

Coughing spells may last 4 to 8 weeks.

The nurse is starting phototherapy with an infant with hyperbilirubinemia. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate to include with the start of therapy? Discourage breastfeeding. Cover the infant's eyes with eye patches during therapy. Place the infant in a blanket under the light for warmth. Allow the parents to hold the infant to promote bonding throughout the day.

Cover the infant's eyes with eye patches during therapy.

The nurse is assessing pain with an infant. What is a common category with pain scales used with infants? Cry Blood pressure Pupil size Heart rate

Cry

A 2.5-year-old child does not search for an object when it is removed from the field of vision. The nurse correctly interprets this finding as: Normal cognitive development Delayed cognitive development Delayed psychosocial development Normal psychosocial development

Delayed cognitive development

The nurse instructs the parent of a 5 -year-old with asthma to use the AeroChamber because it: Can help identify asthma triggers Monitors daily changes in airway reactivity Delivers more medication Indicates whether allergen exposure has occurred

Delivers more medication

In completing a physical assessment on a school-age child, the nurse will need to complete which step first? Gain permission from the child to complete the physical assessment. Ask the child to change into a patient gown. Ask the parents to leave the room. Develop a therapeutic relationship with the child.

Develop a therapeutic relationship with the child.

Which assessment and evaluation techniques are unique to the care of pediatric patients? Select all that apply. Developmental assessment Tanner scale Immunization status Neurologic status Height, weight, and head circumference

Developmental assessment Tanner scale Height, weight, and head circumference

Which of the following findings are normal in a newborn? Select all that apply. Diamond-shaped anterior fontanel Fontanels are bulging Sunken fontanels are common at rest Slight pulsations in fontanels may be felt Molding of head may cause edema and bleeding

Diamond-shaped anterior fontanel Slight pulsations in fontanels may be felt

Which term does the nurse understand to describe the process of development in which simple to more complex progression of developmental milestones is achieved? Differentiation Cephalocaudal Proximodistal Interdependent

Differentiation

After administering the Denver Development Screening Test (DDST), the nurse noted that the child had more than two cautions. What questions should be asked to complete the health assessment and guide nursing care? Select all that apply. Do you have lead-based paint in your house? What is your source of drinking water? Do you have access to safe parks? Do you have a history of allergies? Were you exposed to any viral illnesses during pregnancy?

Do you have lead-based paint in your house? What is your source of drinking water? Do you have access to safe parks? Were you exposed to any viral illnesses during pregnancy?

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old client and obtains these vital signs: temperature 98.2°F (36.7°C), pulse 90, respirations 22, and blood pressure 93/60. What will the nurse do next? Cover the client with a warm blanket. Document these normal vital signs. Contact the health-care provider regarding the low blood pressure. Repeat the vital signs for accuracy.

Document these normal vital signs.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child about ways to prevent dehydration. What should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. Larger, less frequent sips of fluid Broth or popsicles Soft/bland foods Electrolyte replacement beverages Small, frequent sips of fluid

Electrolyte replacement beverages Small, frequent sips of fluid Broth of popsicles

The nurse understands that family systems theory focuses on the family as a unit. What type of unit does this theory focus on? Economic Nurturing Emotional Developmental

Emotional

As a pediatric intensive care unit nurse, you are preparing the room for a patient with suspected tracheitis. Which of the following nursing interventions is most important at this time? Limiting visitation to allow for adequate rest periods Examining the throat upon admission Ensuring intubation equipment is at the bedside Consulting with the surgeons about removal of the foreign object

Ensuring intubation equipment is at the bedside

The Pediatric Standards of Practice describe the professional nurse practicing in a healthy and safe manner. Which aspect of professional performance is being addressed? Environmental health Collaboration Advocacy Quality of practice

Environmental health

Mononucleosis is a viral infection that is often transmitted through saliva. It is known as mono, or the "kissing disease." What is the name of the virus that causes the infection?

Epstein Barr Virus

The nurse is assessing pain in a 7-year-old client who broke his arm skateboarding. What is the best pain scale to use for this client? FACES scale Analog scale CRIES scale Activity Tolerance scale

FACES

The nurse is preparing to perform an annual assessment on an 11-year-old girl. What should the nurse prepare to assess? Select all that apply. Height Weight BP Head circumference Vision

Height Weight BP Vision

Which vaccine is recommended to be administered in three doses: at birth, between 1 and 2 months of age, and between 9 and 12 months of age?

Hep B

The Pediatric Standards of Practice use the nursing process to explain practice. Which step of the nursing process would the pediatric nurse understand to contain referrals? Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation

Implementation

Parents of a newborn have just been told that their daughter has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements is true regarding this diagnosis? Cystic fibrosis will require a step-wise approach to treatment. Food allergies are also common with this illness. Increased mucus production can lead to respiratory infection. Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates are easily digested, leading to obesity.

Increased mucus production can lead to respiratory infection.

The role of the pediatric nurse addresses multiple populations. For which specific populations does the pediatric nurse provide care? Select all that apply. Geriatrics Infants Pregnant mothers Children Adolescents

Infants Children Adolescents

A school nurse notes that three females who are close friends each lost nearly 20 pounds recently. What is the priority nursing action in this situation? Tell the girls that they will need to have their weights monitored weekly from now on Interview and assess each of the girls privately and obtain a nutritional history Notify each of the girl's pediatricians of the situation Inform each of their parents of the situation

Interview and assess each of the girls privately and obtain a nutritional history

The most important strategy to support cultural competence and equity in health-care environments would require the nurse to do which of the following actions? Encourage unrestricted visitation. Encourage good hand hygiene practices for all visitors. Investigate policies concerning these practices prior to applying for a job at the facility. Ensure active patient and family involvement in care delivery.

Investigate policies concerning these practices prior to applying for a job at the facility.

When assessing a neonate, the nursery nurse suspects the infant may have hypoglycemia. What is an indication that the infant's blood glucose is less than 45 mg/dL? Irritability Adequate feeding Tachypnea Tachycardia

Irritability

Which statements are true about apnea? Select all that apply. It occurs in most infants at less than 34 weeks gestation. Apnea is cessation of breathing for longer than 20 seconds. It can be a sign of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). It is not affected by maternal drug use. It usually resolves by 36 weeks postconceptual age.

It occurs in most infants at less than 34 weeks gestation. Apnea is cessation of breathing for longer than 20 seconds. It can be a sign of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). It usually resolves by 36 weeks postconceptual age.

The nurse is teaching new parents about cord care. What instruction will the nurse include related to the care of the cord? Keep the cord dry Keep the cord inside the diaper Remove the cord in 2 weeks Allow the cord to become yellow and fall off

Keep the cord dry

The mother of an active 3-year-old asks the nurse for some suggestions to prevent an accidental poisoning. Which would the nurse include? Select all that apply. Keep the number of poison control posted clearly and assure that all caregivers know where to locate it. Place all potentially hazardous chemicals into smaller containers so that the child only has access to smaller quantities. Place child-safe locks on all lower cabinets. Keep all medications on a high shelf in upper cabinets. Buy cleaning products with childproof tops.

Keep the number of poison control posted clearly and assure that all caregivers know where to locate it. Place child-safe locks on all lower cabinets. Keep all medications on a high shelf in upper cabinets. Buy cleaning products with childproof tops.

The nursing instructor is preparing a lecture related to nursing theorists and goal attainment. Which nurse theorist identifies three interrelated systems of goal achievement? Roy King Watson Neuman

King

With current cost containment in health-care organizations, nurses need to use the theory of goal attainment to provide patient-centered care. Which nursing theorist speaks about the concept of goal attainment? Roy King Watson Leininger

King

Erythema infectiosum initially presents as a rash on the cheeks, causing a "slapped cheek" appearance, but then becomes what type of rash? Sandpaper rash Small vesicle rash Lacy rash Maculopapular rash

Lacy rash

A preschool-aged child saw that it started to rain after eating pasta and now believes that it will rain the next time they eat pasta as well. What belief is the child exhibiting? Magical thinking Imaginary play Egocentrism Delayed gratification

Magical thinking

The nursing student is helping the nurse provide care for a 4-year-old child. The student asks which behavior characterizes the preoperational stage in Piaget's cognitive developmental theory. How should the nurse respond? Object permanence Magical thinking Inductive reasoning Abstract thought

Magical thinking

The nurse is teaching parents about normal cognitive development using Piaget's theory. Which actions should the nurse explain as characteristics of toddlers, ages 2 to 7 years? Select all that apply. Egocentrism Independence Magical thinking Concrete thought Conservation

Magical thinking Concrete thought Conservation Egocentrism

The nurse applies developmental theories with nursing care of an infant. Which developmental theorist describes how an infant develops a sense of self through symbiosis and separation, or individualism? Piaget Vygotsky Erikson Mahler

Mahler

While making a home visit, the community health nurse notices that both parents frequently make comments such as, "Boys are better in math than girls" and "Boys are lazy." These comments are very concerning to the nurse because she recognizes that the observed communication pattern is the least productive. Which type of communication pattern should she document when charting parental communication style? Masked and indirect Masked and direct Clear and direct Clear and indirect

Masked and indirect

The nurse assesses developmental milestones of an 11-month-infant. What is a normally expected developmental milestone? Distinguishes colors Has taste preferences May take first steps Begins to understand differences between inanimate and animate objects

May take first steps

Which of the following does the nurse correctly identify as the leading cause of mortality in adolescents? Homicide Suicide Cardiac disease Motor vehicle accidents

Motor vehicle accidents

The 4-year-old sibling asks the nurse if she caused her brother to be sick because she "wanted him to go away." The nurse should recognize this as what? Normal thinking for this age A sign of potential abuse in the home Concerning signs of emotional distress due to so much sibling anger Highly developed language and thoughts for this age

Normal thinking for this age

A school-age child reports that the liquid medication "tastes bad." Which nursing intervention might the nurse try to hide the taste of the medication? Instruct the child to breathe in and out through his nose while taking the medication. Mix the medication with grape jelly. Request that the medication be provided as an IV medication. Numb the child's tongue with a Popsicle.

Numb the child's tongue with a Popsicle.

Which statement about decreasing the spread of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is important for the nurse to include in parent education? Children should wear masks in order to prevent the spread of the illness. Parents should be advised to clean surfaces and toys with soap and water and disinfect with a solution of 1 tablespoon of bleach to 4 cups of water. Once children contract HFMD, they will be immune to it and therefore will not be able to acquire it again. HFMD is caused by a bacteria

Parents should be advised to clean surfaces and toys with soap and water and disinfect with a solution of 1 tablespoon of bleach to 4 cups of water.

Which items should the nurse include to determine the family member's satisfaction with the functional status of the family? Select all that apply. Assimilation Partnership Growth Advancement Resolve

Partnership Growth Resolve

A chronically ill child is transitioning from an inpatient setting to outpatient rehabilitation services. The discharge nurse knows this child will be served by the core concepts of which model? Pediatric medical home Family-centered care Relationship-based care Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship

Pediatric medical home

The geriatric nurse is transitioning to a pediatric nursing position. Which statement is true about the pediatric nursing practice? The pediatric nursing scope of practice has not been developed. Pediatric nurses can work only in acute care settings. Pediatric nurses have opportunities to attain an advanced practice certification. A special nursing license is available for nurses within a pediatric specialty.

Pediatric nurses have opportunities to attain an advanced practice certification.

The school nurse is examining a child with suspected conjunctivitis. What findings would be present in bacterial conjunctivitis that are not present in viral conjunctivitis? Reddened or pink conjunctiva Purulent discharge Watery discharge Edema of the affected eye

Purulent discharge

A nurse is planning a visit to a family that is caring for their handicapped young child at home. While planning her visit, the nurse considers which nursing theory will best guide the care she plans to provide. Which theory should the nurse select when planning care? Resiliency model Family systems Family therapy Family development

Resiliency model

Cultural diversity in health-care institutions is necessary due to mass migration. Which ethical principle is the most important for culturally competent care? Fidelity Respect Justice Beneficence

Respect

The nurse is working with an infant as the infant takes the first breath. What infant systems undergo the most transitions to extrauterine life? Select all that apply. Respiratory system Metabolic system Hepatic system Thermoregulatory system Circulatory system

Respiratory and circulatory system

When assessing risky behavior during a visit with a 14-year-old, what should the nurse be alerted to? Select the best answer. Forgetting to study for a test Going to a party with friends Joining a swimming league Riding in a car without a seatbelt

Riding in a car without a seatbelt

The nurse assesses developmental milestones of a 4-month-old infant. What is a normally expected developmental milestone? Rolls from abdomen to back Begins to lift the head when lying on the abdomen Transfers objects from one hand to the other Has taste preferences

Rolls from abdomen to back

The nurse is assessing a newborn reflex by brushing the side of the cheek near the corner of the mouth. What reflex is being assessed? Moro Startle Rooting Sucking

Rooting

Nursing education provided to caregivers of a child diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) should include which interventions? Select all that apply. Safe oxygen administration Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress Strict hand washing Ventilator management Low-calorie feedings

Safe oxygen administration Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress Strict hand washing Ventilator management

A child with sickle cell anemia is diagnosed with erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). What is a priority nursing intervention for this child if hospitalized? This child should be placed on droplet precautions when hospitalized. This child should be placed on airborne precautions when hospitalized. This child should be placed on neutropenic precautions when hospitalized. This child should be placed on universal precautions when hospitalized.

This child should be placed on droplet precautions when hospitalized.

Understanding that basic needs will be met, such as being picked up by a parent when crying, is a task in what psychosocial development stage? Trust vs. mistrust Autonomy vs. shame/doubt Initiative vs. guilt Industry vs. inferiority

Trust vs. mistrust

The parent of a 7-year-old girl who has just received her second influenza vaccine asks when she will be protected from the flu. What answer should the nurse give? Immediately after vaccination 5 days Two weeks 1 month

Two weeks

While at the Community Health Center (CHC), a parent expresses concern over the cost of medication for their child, stating they work several part-time jobs, must pay a high deductible (more than $3,000 per year), and have high out-of-pocket expenses. The nurse makes a referral to a case worker because she is concerned that this family is what? Underinsured Unemployed Uninsured Undereducated

Underinsured

When communicating with a hearing-impaired child, it is important that the nurse is aware of using paralanguage. Which best demonstrates effective use of paralanguage? Using normal volume, the nurse speaks slowly and is mindful of tone and pauses. The nurse raises her volume and faces the child when speaking. The nurse includes jargon and words that are inclusive of the child's cultural practices. The nurse includes paraprofessionals, such as a language translator, when communicating with the child.

Using normal volume, the nurse speaks slowly and is mindful of tone and pauses.

The nurse understands that the gestational age of a fetus has an impact on survival rate. What term is used to describe the survival rate of a fetus?

Viability

The labor and delivery nurse transfers a baby to the newborn nursery. After the nurse receives report, they should begin their assessment of the newborn. What prophylactic medications should the nurse prepare to give? Select all that apply. Vitamin K Erythromycin eye ointment Hepatitis B vaccine Surfactant RhoGAM

Vitamin K Erythromycin eye ointment Hepatitis B vaccine

Place the developmental tasks in order of development according to age. Climb on furniture Walk alone Catch a bounced ball Go up and down stairs without assistance

Walk alone Climb on furniture Go up and down stairs without assistance Catch a bounced ball

The nurse is preparing to assess an 8-year-old boy as part of his well-child checkup. What would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply. Weight gain of 3kg Height increase of 2cm Height increase of 5cm Weight gain of 8kg No change in weight from the previous year

Weight gain of 3kg Height increase of 5cm

The mother of a toddler asks the nurse when she should begin potty training her son. What is the best response from the nurse? "Toilet training should be done between 2 and 3 years of age." "Children typically show signs of readiness to potty train between the ages of 2 and 3." "Choose a time that is convenient for you." "Try some time on the toilet and be persistent if the child shows resistance."

"Children typically show signs of readiness to potty train between the ages of 2 and 3."

A female nurse from the emergency department (ED) accompanies the health-care provider to the waiting room to tell a man of a different culture than the nurse that his son was killed in an accident. The nurse reaches out and puts her hands on the man's hands and states, "I am so sorry, I know this is devastating news." The man pulls his hands away from the nurse. What should a nurse supervisor say to the ED nurse regarding this interaction? "Due to the patient's culture, touch could be considered inappropriate and might not be interpreted as you intended" "That was very touching how you reached out to that father in his time of sadness." "It is never appropriate to touch a patient." "You should have had another nurse with you when you delivered that type of news."

"Due to the patient's culture, touch could be considered inappropriate and might not be interpreted as you intended"

A pediatric nurse demonstrates she is knowledgeable of the importance of effective communication with children and their families when she makes which statement? "Good communication is necessary for obtaining parental consent for procedures." "Good communication affects all aspects of a child's care." "Good communication enhances comfort of the child and family in the hospital environment." "Children often use a more advanced level of communication when they are ill."

"Good communication affects all aspects of a child's care."

The pediatric unit nurses are discussing how to best handle a child's unexpected death. Which statement made by a pediatric nurse indicates the nurse is maintaining a friendly professional relationship? "I owe it to the family to attend the funeral." "It is best for all of us to attend the funeral." "I will attend the funeral if I can find a babysitter for my son." "I expressed my condolences to the mother right after the child died."

"I expressed my condolences to the mother right after the child died."

A nurse has completed a class on safety for parents of preschoolers. Which parent statement requires follow-up from the nurse? "I will check the temperature setting on our water heater when we return home." "I will ask my partner to check the smoke detectors and change the batteries." "I will be getting my sister's old crib so that the baby does not have to sleep with us anymore." "I will have my car seat checked at the motor vehicle agency to make sure it is installed correctly."

"I will be getting my sister's old crib so that the baby does not have to sleep with us anymore."

Which of these statements made by an adolescent best describes Erik Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage of development? "I am glad that the whole family is going on vacation together." "I would rather stay home and hang out with my friends over vacation." "I think that my coach would like it if I practiced soccer when I am on vacation." "I am going to miss my friends while I am on vacation."

"I would rather stay home and hang out with my friends over vacation."

The nurse is administering medications to a young child who asks if getting a shot will hurt. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? "It may hurt for just a minute, but I will do my best to be quick and make it hurt as little as possible." "No, shots do not hurt." "You are so grown up; I bet it won't hurt you." The nurse should not answer the child and just get the shot done quickly.

"It may hurt for just a minute, but I will do my best to be quick and make it hurt as little as possible."

A 13-year-old adolescent client is seen in the outpatient clinic and expresses concern that she is gaining weight. Her measurements indicate that she is in the 40th percentile for weight for her age. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? "You should be seen by our nutritionist to make sure you are eating the correct foods." "Gaining weight is not something you need to concern yourself with." "Let's discuss further your concerns about your body and also review some of the normal changes your body will be going through during puberty." "I will have you discuss this further with the physician to make sure your questions are answered."

"Let's discuss further your concerns about your body and also review some of the normal changes your body will be going through during puberty."

The pediatric nurse is caring for children on a medical surgical unit. Which initial telephone conversation is an example of a breach in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996? "Mary is doing so much better after the appendectomy." "What is the password?" "Even though you are the grandfather I cannot give up any medical updates." "The health-care provider will talk with you in the morning."

"Mary is doing so much better after the appendectomy."

The nurse is providing education about pediatric meals while in the hospital to a school-age child and her family. When discussing the dietary information, what statement by the parents would indicate a need for further instruction? "Children will more likely eat foods they have often." "Home eating times should be maintained as much as possible during the hospital stay." "Parents should allow children to eat alone in their rooms so they can focus on getting better." "Food storage practices may require two separate refrigerators."

"Parents should allow children to eat alone in their rooms so they can focus on getting better."

A hospice nurse is providing care for a terminally ill client in an inpatient setting. When the client expires, his daughter asks the nurse, "How should I tell my 9-year-old that Grandpa passed away?" Select the best response the nurse should provide. "Use the word 'died' when explaining what happened." "Tell your child that Grandpa has passed away." "Explain that Grandpa died in his sleep to minimize your child's anxiety." "Let your child inquire and bring up the topic, but answer only the questions your child asks."

"Use the word 'died' when explaining what happened."

The parents of a school-age child tell the nurse that according to the measurements taken today, their child has gained 2½ pounds and grown 1 inch in the last year. What is the nurse's best response? "Don't worry, your child just hasn't had a growth spurt yet." "Okay, let's take a look at his growth chart and see how your child has been growing over the last year." "This is an unexpected pattern of growth in a school-age child." "Why don't we weigh and measure him one more time to be sure we have the correct measurements."

"Why don't we weigh and measure him one more time to be sure we have the correct measurements."

The school nurse is requesting written permission from the parents of older school-age students to provide information regarding risky behaviors. The mother of one student calls the nurse stating she is upset that this topic is being addressed and does not want to sign the consent form. What is the nurse's best initial response? "Well, you know that risky behavior starts in middle school, so it would be best if you just gave us permission to teach your child about them." "I understand that you are worried. We feel it is important to teach our students about risky behaviors. We know that sexting, for instance, has been linked to an increased likelihood of risky sexual behaviors in middle school students." "Okay, that's fine. We will make sure your child goes to the library for study time when her classmates are receiving the information on risky behaviors." "You absolutely have a right to be concerned. Do you have some specific questions I can answer for you to help you understand why we are addressing these issues in class?"

"You absolutely have a right to be concerned. Do you have some specific questions I can answer for you to help you understand why we are addressing these issues in class?"

Which child does the nurse anticipate to be most at risk for being hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)? A 3-month-old who was born at 30 weeks gestation A 18-month-old with a tracheostomy A 4-year-old with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) A 5-year-old who was term but has never received any immunizations

A 3-month-old who was born at 30 weeks gestation

Which information is most important for the nurse to include regarding anticipatory guidance for health promotion in the school-age child? A balanced diet and 1 hour of exercise per day is recommended. School-age children should attend a basic first aid class. Allow for unsupervised activities. Limit screen time (TV, cell phones) to 4 hours per day

A balanced diet and 1 hour of exercise per day is recommended.

The nurse asks the nursing student to provide an example of proximodistal development. Which would be an appropriate response by the student? A child is able to sit unsupported before being able to grasp objects with the fingers. An infant is able to hold the head up steadily before standing. A child learns to crawl before walking. A child is able to sit unsupported before pulling to stand.

A child is able to sit unsupported before being able to grasp objects with the fingers.

Which statement would the nurse identify as an example of emotional abuse of a child? An ill child is not allowed to be taken for care due to parents' religious objections. Parents choose not to provide a hearing aid for a school-aged child due to the stigma of wearing it. A child is alone at home after school for several hours every day. A child is left alone prior to school in the morning and is expected to take their own medications.

A child is alone at home after school for several hours every day.

Which anticipatory guideline does the nurse identify as appropriate for a preschool-aged child? A child this age will be learning to run. A child this age will be learning how to draw a circle with a pencil. A child this age will be learning dress themselves. A child this age will be learning to go up and down stairs independently.

A child this age will be learning dress themselves.

A nurse is doing a needs assessment of a school-age child with cystic fibrosis (CF). The nurse notes that the child comes from a low-socioeconomic family in a rural setting. What are the biggest obstacles the nurse could identify for this patient? Select all that apply. Access to nutritious foods and/or the ability to pay for nutritious food Access to a full grocer that supplies fresh fruit and vegetables and healthy food options Access to a primary care provider (PCP) or health-care clinic Access to a Level 1 trauma center to care for the critically ill or injured pediatric patient Access to education on the disease process and the necessary care

Access to nutritious foods and/or the ability to pay for nutritious food Access to a full grocer that supplies fresh fruit and vegetables and healthy food options Access to a Level 1 trauma center to care for the critically ill or injured pediatric patient

The nurse knows that it is safe to administer the varicella vaccine to a child who has which disease process? Acute lymphocytic lymphoma (ALL) Acute myeloid lymphoma (AML) Acute upper respiratory infection Long-term steroid use

Acute upper respiratory infection

What information about the side effects of the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine should the nurse provide to parents? Warn that the child may have difficulty sleeping for the next several days. Decrease milk intake to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) upset. Administer acetaminophen to prevent pain at the injection site and reduce fever if it occurs. Monitor for rash in the child for the next 7 to 10 days.

Administer acetaminophen to prevent pain at the injection site and reduce fever if it occurs.

Which of the following has been linked to high-risk behaviors, such as tobacco and drug use or sexual activity? Body piercings Tattoos Dyed hair Heavy facial make-up

Body piercings

A 4-year-old child is in the emergency department following a minor car accident. Upon assessment, the nurse should alleviate fears by first doing which of the following steps? Allow the child to play with toys during the assessment if possible. Remind the child that they may need to have an x-ray of their arm to ensure it is not broken. Explain that after the assessment, the nurse will need to start a peripheral intravenous catheter so the child knows to anticipate pain. Have the caregiver leave the room until the nurse is done with the assessment.

Allow the child to play with toys during the assessment if possible.

The nurse is preparing to perform a venipuncture procedure on a 20-month-old toddler. Given the child's cognitive development, how should the nurse approach this procedure? Perform the procedure as quickly as possible without explanation to minimize trauma Ask the child if it is alright to proceed Allow the child to see and feel the catheter Ask the parents to explain to the child that there is nothing to fear

Allow the child to see and feel the catheter

Which technique should the nurse use when assessing a preschooler in order to ensure child comfort and effective nursing care? Allow the child to select which finger to put the pulse oximeter on. Ask the child to sit on the examination bed. Begin with the most invasive procedure first to get it out of the way. Make sure the child is fully undressed before the examination begins.

Allow the child to select which finger to put the pulse oximeter on.

The mother of an infant became visibly upset and stopped the nurse as she attempted to remove a red string that was placed on the child's wrist prior to an intravenous infusion insertion. What are the most appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply. Allow the mother to choose another site or put the string on the other hand. Find out about the significance of the string placement. Find out what is the matter with the mother. Apologize for your action. Tell her the child needs the procedure more than the string.

Allow the mother to choose another site or put the string on the other hand. Find out about the significance of the string placement. Find out what is the matter with the mother. Apologize for your action.

During communication with migrant families, the nurse should be culturally aware by ensuring adherence to the following strategies. Select all that apply. Ask the caregivers for input into care and beliefs The nurse should have self-awareness Be respectful in order to enhance the therapeutic environment Be reflective of past cultural experiences that may affect interpersonal communication and care delivery Disclose conflicting values that might affect care delivery to families

Ask the caregivers for input into care and beliefs The nurse should have self-awareness Be respectful in order to enhance the therapeutic environment Be reflective of past cultural experiences that may affect interpersonal communication and care delivery

The nurse is preparing a child for the insertion of an intravenous line. The child is fearful and crying. Which intervention by the nurse is the best family-centered, developmentally appropriate approach for the child? Explain to parents that this procedure will be upsetting to them, so they will need to wait outside until it has been completed. Ask the child life specialist to provide support to the child during the procedure. Explain to the child that it is a necessary procedure and crying will only make it more painful. Ask other nurses on the unit to hold the child still to get the procedure completed quickly and safely.

Ask the child life specialist to provide support to the child during the procedure.

The mother of an adolescent patient asks for a special meal tray due to her observance of a religious food restriction. Which action should the nurse take in regard to the patient's meal tray? Order the same meal for the patient. Ask the parent if the child must observe the same food restrictions. Ask the patient what meal is preferred and if he or she observes any food restrictions. Substitute a salad off of the cart to avoid the issue.

Ask the patient what meal is preferred and if he or she observes any food restrictions.

Which measures can be implemented to assure medication safety for pediatric patients? Select all that apply. Using multi-dose dispensing Asking a second nurse to verify a high-risk medication Allowing abbreviations in medication orders Obtaining a list of home medication from parents upon admission Assuring that providers enter orders directly into the computer

Asking a second nurse to verify a high-risk medication Obtaining a list of home medication from parents upon admission Assuring that providers enter orders directly into the computer

A parent asks why they are not supposed to administer aspirin to a child with a fever. Which is the best response by the nurse? Aspirin should not be given to children because of the possibility of developing a serious illness called Reye's syndrome. Aspirin should not be given to children because it may cause gastroesophageal reflux. Aspirin should not be given to children because it may cause dependency on the medication. Aspirin should not be given to children because it does not taste good to children.

Aspirin should not be given to children because of the possibility of developing a serious illness called Reye's syndrome.

The parents of a school-age child report that their child appears withdrawn, disinterested in school, and refuses to ride the bus to school. The nurse suspects that the child is being bullied. Which nursing assessment is the priority? Determine the child's sexual orientation. Assess the child's socioeconomic class. Assess for psychological effects of bullying. Determine what community resources are available to assist with bullying.

Assess for psychological effects of bullying.

The pediatric nurse accepts the terminal adolescent's and parent's refusal of continuation of chemotherapy. Which biomedical ethic is the nurse accepting? Justice Fidelity Autonomy Sanctity of life

Autonomy

Which developmental theories apply to a preschooler? Select all that apply. Autonomy vs shame and doubt Operational Anal Preconventional Preoperational

Autonomy vs shame and doubt Anal Preconventional Preoperational

Teaching a child to toilet train is most likely to occur during which psychosocial developmental stage? Trust vs mistrust Autonomy vs shame/doubt Initiative vs guilt Industry vs inferiority

Autonomy vs shame/doubt

What nursing intervention is most appropriate when caring for an infant who has just arrived on the unit after a cleft palate repair? Suctioning with a bulb syringe often to keep sutures dry Encouraging use of a pacifier to improve sucking Avoid breastfeeding Teaching that additional surgeries are not needed unless there are complications

Avoid breastfeeding

The nurse is providing care for an adolescent with a North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) diagnosis of ineffective coping. What are the appropriate nursing interventions related to this nursing diagnosis? Select all that apply. Build rapport Active listening Maintain privacy Identify past coping skills Provide social support

Build rapport Active listening Identify past coping skills Provide social support

A nurse is caring for a school-age child from a very quiet and soft-spoken family. When asking the child questions about how he is feeling after his surgery, the child will never say anything negative and goes out of his way to be polite. How should the nurse interpret this behavior? The child is feeling well. This is a well-behaved child who is conscious of his manners, and it indicates there is no issue with his health. The child is trying to hide something by being overly polite and not causing any problems. Children often respond in the way that their caregivers would respond or in an "acceptable" way rather than one that communicates their feelings.

Children often respond in the way that their caregivers would respond or in an "acceptable" way rather than one that communicates their feelings.

The pediatric nurse encounters challenges within the acute care unit. Which example illustrates a therapeutic relationship challenge? Parents following discharge instructions Children presenting with multiple bruises Children acquiring acute medical conditions Parents learning new medication administration skills

Children presenting with multiple bruises

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 9-year-old about the appropriate levels of exercise for this age group. What should the nurse include in this teaching? Children this age should get at least 30 mins of physical activity per day Children this age should get at least 60 mins of physical activity per day Children this age should get at least 2 hours of physical activity per day It doesn't matter how much exercise the child gets, as long as they are eating healthy

Children this age should get at least 60 mins of physical activity per day

During a meeting with the health-care team and the family of a child with a terminal illness, the mother shouted at the father, "I have had enough of the family drama!" and stormed out of the room. The nurse recognizes that the child's mother is displaying which pattern of family communication? Clear and direct Clear and indirect Masked and direct Masked and indirect

Clear and direct

A nurse observes a mother who is unable to calm her crying 5-year-old child turn to her 10-year-old child who is standing quietly nearby. The mother states in a stern, loud voice, "Children really need to behave, especially in the hospital." What type of communication pattern did the nurse observe? Clear and direct Masked and direct Clear and indirect Masked and indirect

Clear and indirect

Which of the following can serve as barriers to communication with children and families while in the hospital? Select all that apply. Closed-ended questions with yes or no answers Biases about race, age, or ethnicity Direct answers to questions Addressing caregivers when questions are asked by the child Observing verbal and nonverbal cues

Closed-ended questions with yes or no answers Biases about race, age, or ethnicity Addressing caregivers when questions are asked by the child

The nurse is explaining hyperbilirubinemia interventions to a mother who is having difficulty breastfeeding her infant. What intervention can the nurse try with the mother? Supplement the infant's feedings with glucose water. Consult a lactation specialist. Encourage the mother to use formula. Support the use of daily formula feedings and breast milk at night.

Consult a lactation specialist.

Which techniques would a nurse implement when caring for a child diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)? Select all that apply. Corticosteroids IV and/or oral fluid therapy IV antibiotics for infection Cardiorespiratory monitoring Immediate intubation to maintain the airway

Corticosteroids IV and/or oral fluid therapy Cardiorespiratory monitoring

A 4-year-old is exhibiting signs of anxiety due to an upcoming invasive procedure. Which is the appropriate action by the nurse to alleviate anxiety and improve compliance for this child? Explain the procedure in concrete terminology and allow the child to ask questions. Demonstrate the procedure on a doll and allow the child to manipulate the equipment. Reassure the child that there is no reason to be fearful. Explain to parents that this is normal and to ignore the behavior so that it does not become reinforced.

Demonstrate the procedure on a doll and allow the child to manipulate the equipment.

The nurse is preparing to discuss the stages of grief at a parent support group and will be discussing Kübler-Ross's theory of grief. What is the common sequence of Kübler-Ross's stages of grieving? Anger, denial, acceptance, bargaining Denial, anger, bargaining, acceptance Denial, anger, acceptance, bargaining Denial, acceptance, bargaining, anger

Denial, anger, bargaining, acceptance

A nurse is providing care for a terminally ill child. When communicating with the parents of the child, the nurse recalls her personal sense of helplessness and loss when assisting other families. She also recalls the recent death of her 8-year-old granddaughter. Which term best defines the nurse's capability to relate to the parents? Sympathetic Empathic Compassionate Caring

Empathic

The nurse understands that preschoolers are often fearful of bodily harm during hospitalization. Which nursing interventions will the nurse use related to this understanding? Select all that apply. Having parents bring a nightlight Enabling family to room-in with child Empowering and assisting families to make informed decisions Allowing the family to spend time talking and playing in the absence of medical staff Allowing the child to touch instruments and visit procedure room prior to intervention

Enabling family to room-in with child Empowering and assisting families to make informed decisions Allowing the family to spend time talking and playing in the absence of medical staff Allowing the child to touch instruments and visit procedure room prior to intervention

The nurse is teaching a 9-year-old child about oral hygiene. What should they include in the teaching? Select all that apply. Encourage yearly dental checkups Encourage brushing twice a day Encourage a visit to the dentist twice a year Encourage use of fluoride toothpaste Orthodontic treatments should start after puberty

Encourage brushing twice a day Encourage a visit to the dentist twice a year Encourage use of fluoride toothpaste Orthodontic treatments should start after puberty

The parents of a 4-year-old girl tell the nurse that she eats very little at meals but constantly wants to snack. What course of action should the nurse follow? Instruct the parents to encourage the child to clear her plate at meals. Encourage the parents to offer multiple nutritious snacks throughout the day. Encourage parents to limit snacking so that she is hungrier at mealtime. Instruct the parents to substitute whole milk for one of the snacks in order to maintain calcium intake.

Encourage the parents to offer multiple nutritious snacks throughout the day.

A 15-year-old male client is seen in an outpatient clinic accompanied by his mother. Which topic is a priority health promotion topic to discuss with this client? Hand washing Hygiene Enforcing safe driving rules Encouraging use of protective gear while playing sports

Encouraging use of protective gear while playing sports

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old who is prone to temper tantrums when asked to participate in basic care. What is the nurse's best response to this behavior? The nurse should leave the room and return once the child is calm. Tell the child this behavior is upsetting. Medicate the child prior to performing basic care. Establish a routine while in the hospital to complete basic care needs at the same time and in the same manner each day.

Establish a routine while in the hospital to complete basic care needs at the same time and in the same manner each day.

The nurse wants to improve success of a self-rating pain scale in a child she is caring for postoperatively. Which practice by the nurse would improve reliability of the scale? Explain the meaning of the scale to the patient and family. Explain to the patient and family that many children this age can appropriately utilize the scale. Allow the patient to score on the scale but defer to behaviors when providing pain medication. Ask the parents what is best for the child.

Explain the meaning of the scale to the patient and family.

While assessing an adolescent client, the client shares with the nurse that she sometimes participates in risky behaviors but is fearful to talk to her parents. What is the priority nursing intervention before exploring these behaviors with this client? Maintaining privacy Allowing her to express her feelings Explaining the limits of confidentiality Proceeding to health-promotion teaching

Explaining the limits of confidentiality

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the nurse knows that adolescents tend to engage in which behavior? Depend on friends in times of crisis Base their value system on that of their family Socialize in co-ed cliques Explore gender roles

Explore gender roles

The nurse identifies that a child who consistently measures below the fifth percentile for height and weight charts is demonstrating signs of this diagnosis: Failure to thrive Failure to develop Developmental delay Organic growth deficiency

Failure to thrive

The nurse is assessing the family of a child who has just been diagnosed with cancer. What are the factors that affect family adaptation during the hospitalization of a child? Select all that apply. Socio-demographics characteristics Family social support Past experiences Coping skills Social services

Family social support Past experiences Coping skills Social services

School-age children develop sharper motor and sensory abilities during this stage. They participate in group activities, they have more mature use of language, they read, and they play instruments and enjoy hobbies. What known developmental theories apply to this stage? Select all that apply. Freud's latency stage Erikson's initiative vs guilt Erikson's industry vs inferiority Freud's phallic stage Piaget's concrete operational stage

Freud's latency stage Erikson's industry vs inferiority Piaget's concrete operational stage

The nurse is assessing 10-year-old twins for their annual checkup. The female twin has grown by 6 cm and has gained 2.5 kg in a year. The male twin has only grown 3 cm and gained 2 kg. The mother is concerned that the male twin's growth is delayed. What is the best response by the nurse? Don't worry, you are tall, so I'm sure both kids will be at least as tall as you are Girls tend to have their growth spurts earlier than boys, sometimes as early as 9 years of age Let me check his head circumference and make sure his head grew Looks like the boy will be shorter than the girl as an adult

Girls tend to have their growth spurts earlier than boys, sometimes as early as 9 years of age

The mother of a toddler placed a beaded necklace on the child while in the cot. Recognizing that this might have cultural importance but may also have health implications, what strategies should the nurse implement? Select all that apply. Give an affirming smile to the mother. Remove the necklace due to safety concerns. Explore the importance of this action for the family. Educate the mother about the potential safety risks. Spend more time with the family to understand the implication for care.

Give an affirming smile to the mother. Explore the importance of this action for the family. Educate the mother about the potential safety risks. Spend more time with the family to understand the implication for care.

The mother of a hospitalized child shared with the nurse that she was concerned that since this illness her 4-year-old daughter has started speaking in baby language. What would be the most appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply. Listen and empathize Listen and sympathize Give reassurance that it is common Encourage the mother to speak with her child as she would normally Encourage more frequent parental contact

Give reassurance that it is common Encourage the mother to speak with her child as she would normally Encourage more frequent parental contact Listen and empathize

The nurse is preparing a 12-year-old girl for her annual check-up. She expects to see the following difference during the adolescent years: No significant change in weight No significant change in height Slow, uniform gain in height and weight Growth spurt lasting 2-5 years

Growth spurt lasting 2-5 years

A new mother is concerned about sudden infant death syndrome. What education would be appropriate for the nurse to provide to the mother regarding prevention of this syndrome? Buy a soft, giving mattress for comfort. Have the infant sleep supine. Keep the infant in the parent's bed. Prop the infant to a side-lying position for sleeping.

Have the infant sleep supine.

The nurse is assessing the newborn's head after the newborn is placed in the nursery. What is the best method to assess fontanels? Have the infant lying supine Wash the newborn's head Have the newborn in an upright position Measure the newborn's head circumference

Have the newborn in an upright position

With the projected demographic change in American society by 2020, nursing management is taking what steps to ensure cultural competence among staff? Select all that apply. Having an organizational cultural competence audit Having continuous nursing education in cultural diversity Integrating the beliefs and values of diverse cultures into care Displaying signs with multiple languages Employing diverse groups that are multilingual

Having an organizational cultural competence audit Having continuous nursing education in cultural diversity Integrating the beliefs and values of diverse cultures into care Employing diverse groups that are multilingual

Health disparities are a leading contributor of ill health in some ethnic groups and affect children negatively. All of the following are strategies that impact equity except: Agency policies Family centered care Addressing dietary needs Head to toe assessments

Head to toe assessments

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who weighs 110 pounds (50 kilograms). Which assessment findings should the nurse report as abnormal? Select all that apply. Heart rate is 50 beats per minute. Blood pressure is 130/60. Daily fluid intake is 1,800 milliliters (mL). Hourly urine output is 30 mL. Cholesterol level is 150 mg/dL (3.88 mmol/L).

Heart rate is 50 beats per minute. Blood pressure is 130/60. Daily fluid intake is 1,800 milliliters (mL).

While talking with a 15-year-old client, the nurse recognizes the client has taken on adult roles in the family, including caring for his younger siblings. What coping strategy is this client displaying? Enabler member Hero member Scapegoat role Mascot role

Hero member

Which of the following activities is the most appropriate to demonstrate object permanence to an infant? Select all that apply. Hiding an object under a pillow for the infant to find Playing peekaboo Encouraging the infant to hold their own bottle Leaving a light on at night Allowing the child to look in the mirror at their own image

Hiding an object under a pillow for the infant to find Playing peekaboo

The nurse is caring for a child who has cystic fibrosis (CF). Which type of diet does the nurse anticipate will be ordered for this child? High fat, high salt High carbohydrate, high calorie High sodium, high fat High calorie, high protein

High calorie, high protein

Schudder's Communication Theory (1900) states that all beings communicate, although the manner of communication may vary. Knowledgeable of this theory, what important considerations should the nurse make when evaluating family communication and dynamics? Select all that apply. How does the family exchange values, information, and emotional connections? Are messages supportive or attacking? Does nonverbal communication stifle verbal communication? Are love and support withheld when differences of opinion occur? Are the family members genetically related?

How does the family exchange values, information, and emotional connections? Are messages supportive or attacking? Does nonverbal communication stifle verbal communication? Are love and support withheld when differences of opinion occur?

During a well-child check, the nurse discusses choking hazards with the parents of a 12-month-old child. The nurse knows the teaching has been effective with which parent statement? I will cut the food pieces small so my child can eat unsupervised Grapes are a great snack and they are bite sized I will avoid feeding my child hot dogs Nuts are healthy and a good snack

I will avoid feeding my child hot dogs

The nurse is providing parent education about how to prevent influenza. Which statement made by the parents indicates that the teaching was understood? Influenza is a serious disease process caused by bacteria, and my child will need to take antibiotics. Influenza is potentially preventable illness if my child receives a vaccine annually. If my child receives the influenza vaccine, my child will definitely not contract the flu. Influenza is transmitted through direct contact with blood.

Influenza is potentially preventable illness if my child receives a vaccine annually.

Children learn right from wrong during which stage of development? Initiative vs. guilt Industry vs. inferiority Identity vs. role diffusion Autonomy vs. shame/doubt

Initiative vs. guilt

The nurse is taking a patient history on a 7-year-old child from the mother. She tells the nurse that the child was diagnosed with an innocent heart murmur and she is concerned that the child will need heart surgery as an adult. What is the best response by the nurse? Select all that apply. Innocent murmurs are very common in school age children They will need to see a cardiologist immediately Up to 90% of children age 4-7 have innocent heart murmurs Your child will not be able to participate in sports You should be careful feeding your child red meat with this condition

Innocent murmurs are very common in school age children Up to 90% of children age 4-7 have innocent heart murmurs

You are teaching a family with a child who has cystic fibrosis (CF) about bronchial hygiene. Which of the following teaching points are correct to include? Select all that apply. It should be performed three to four times a day. It may cause bronchospasm. It is all right to percuss over the spine or internal organs. When manually percussing, you should use a cupped hand. Perform on bare skin for better results.

It should be performed three to four times a day. It may cause bronchospasm. When manually percussing, you should use a cupped hand.

The nurse understands that school-age children need special consideration when hospitalized. What nursing interventions are appropriate for this age group? Select all that apply. Knock on the door prior to entering the room Provide appropriate gown/covering Offer diversion activity such as playing with board games Ask parents to step out for health hx and exam Show client equipment that will be used in treatment

Knock on the door prior to entering the room Provide appropriate gown/covering Offer diversion activity such as playing with board games Show client equipment that will be used in treatment

What are the main anatomical differences between children and adults that enhances children's risk of suffocation? Select all that apply. Larger head Larger tongue More elastic airway Shorter airway Greater portion of pharyngeal soft tissue

Larger tongue More elastic airway Shorter airway Greater portion of pharyngeal soft tissue

The nurse is completing an infant's skin assessment. The nurse observes a cheesy substance found in the armpits and groin. What does the nurse do with this finding? Leave the substance intact. Scrub the substance off. Alert the health-care provider. Continue to observe for further spread.

Leave the substance intact.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn about differentiation. Which response by the parent shows that they have understood the teaching? My baby will learn to crawl before it can walk When my baby sits, it will be sitting on its own My baby will flip from his back to his belly first My child will jump on one leg before learning to coordinate jumping with two legs

My baby will learn to crawl before it can walk

The nurse is providing parent education about hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Which statement made by a parent indicates that further teaching is required? My child will need to be on oral antibiotics for 7 to 10 days My child may need to take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to decrease discomfort. My child may need to stay home from preschool due to the contagiousness of HFMD. I will notify the physician if my child does not drink enough fluids.

My child will need to be on oral antibiotics for 7 to 10 days

Which are signs and symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome in a 2-month-old? Select all that apply. Nasal flaring Intercostal retractions Coughing Bronchovesicular lung sounds Grunting

Nasal flaring Intercostal retractions Grunting

The mother of a 10-year-old female client tells the nurse that she is concerned about her daughter's 3 kg weigh gain in the last year despite the child being in the 50th percentile for weight. What is the best response by the nurse? She is overweight and you need to cut out her snacks Commercial weight loss programs can help with that Your child is underweight and she needs to eat more Normal weight gain for this age group is 3kg/year

Normal weight gain for this age group is 3kg/year

The school nurse is informed of a child with human parvovirus B19 in the same classroom as a child with sickle cell anemia. What is the appropriate action for the nurse to take? None. There is no increased risk with sickle cell disease. Notify the mother of the sickle cell child, as there is an increased risk of crisis with human parvovirus B19. None. Sickle cell disease provides immunity against human parvovirus B19. Screen the child for rash.

Notify the mother of the sickle cell child, as there is an increased risk of crisis with human parvovirus B19.

A nurse is preparing to perform an admission assessment on a pediatric client. Prior to beginning the assessment, what important information should the nurse obtain and provide to the client and family? Select all that apply. Nurse's name and role Detailed information describing the assessment, including duration Assurance of privacy and confidentiality Appropriate introductions identifying who has legal custody or power of attorney for the child An appropriate setting to communicate information

Nurse's name and role Detailed information describing the assessment, including duration Assurance of privacy and confidentiality Appropriate introductions identifying who has legal custody or power of attorney for the child An appropriate setting to communicate information

When assessing a 9-month-old, the nurse asks the mother if the child likes to play peek-a-boo. The nurse is determining if the child has achieved which milestone?

Object permanence

Which nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care to decrease the stress for a hospitalized, chronically ill school-age child? Allow 24-hour visitation from peers. Offer the child some choices around daily activities. Have tutoring postponed until discharge. Maintain a strict daily routine.

Offer the child some choices around daily activities.

The nurse is using the CRAFFT screening tool. Which adolescent should the nurse assess with this tool? One who vomits and fasts after overeating A teenager who needs health promotion activities A teenager who is being cyberbullied One who drinks beer every other weekend

One who drinks beer every other weekend

The nurse is demonstrating proper teeth-brushing techniques to a group of mothers of 2-year-olds. What principle should be included in the presentation? Parents should complete these tasks for their toddler. Parents should be taught to encourage the child to participate under parental supervision. Parents should allow the toddler to choose a time to brush their teeth in order to encourage control. Parents should use only water to brush the child's teeth until the age of 3 in order to prevent the swallowing of toothpaste.

Parents should be taught to encourage the child to participate under parental supervision.

The nurse assesses developmental milestones of a 7-month-old infant. What is a normally expected developmental milestone? Triples birth weight Develops a security object Increases height 1 inch per month Plays pat a cake

Plays pat a cake

Which of the following findings may be indicators of an eating disorder? Select all that apply. Positive Russell's sign Brittle hair Tooth erosion Increased menstruation in girls Excessive exercise

Positive Russell's sign Tooth erosion Excessive exercise

The nurse is reviewing a vaccine information statement (VIS) with a family member before administering vaccines. What information must be included on the VIS? Select all that apply. Possible side effects Possible allergies to vaccines Age requirements for vaccines The purpose of the vaccine Percentages of side effects

Possible side effects Possible allergies to vaccines The purpose of the vaccine

A nurse caring for newborns knows that this population is at risk for hyperbilirubinemia. What causes a newborn to be at a higher risk for developing hyperbilirubinemia? Select all that apply. Prematurity Mother has diabetes History of sickle cell disease Feeding shortly after delivery Birth trauma

Prematurity Mother has diabetes Birth trauma

What is an important concept for a school nurse to consider when planning a class on injury prevention for adolescents? The topic should be general and brief because adolescents usually do not take a lot of risks. Present the material in a way that allows the adolescent to imagine long-term consequences of not protecting oneself from injury. Have the teens discuss the topic with their primary care provider Have the teens watch an education video

Present the material in a way that allows the adolescent to imagine long-term consequences of not protecting oneself from injury.

The nurse is bathing an infant born at 35 weeks. What is the gestational term for this infant?

Preterm

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who had a minor operation and became agitated after her mother left and she discovered the bandage on her abdomen. Knowing that this age group fears mutilation, what is the most appropriate nursing intervention at this time? Storytelling Provide her with a doll, tape, and scissors for role-playing Stay with her for the remainder of the shift to provide comfort Pull off the bandage and allow her to look

Provide her with a doll, tape, and scissors for role-playing

Which interventions should the nurse provide when educating families on the physical and emotional care needed by family members experiencing chronic illness? Select all that apply. Provide suggestions, options, and available resources for respite care when caregiving issues arise. Educate the family on the need for follow-up and provide reminders. Educate the family unit concerning techniques to assess for deficits and strategies for intervention. Educate the family unit concerning when to call for help and provide emergency contact information. Provide instruction related to medication and adherence to the medication regimen.

Provide suggestions, options, and available resources for respite care when caregiving issues arise. Educate the family on the need for follow-up and provide reminders. Educate the family unit concerning techniques to assess for deficits and strategies for intervention. Educate the family unit concerning when to call for help and provide emergency contact information. Provide instruction related to medication and adherence to the medication regimen.

Which specific roles encompass the pediatric nurse? Select all that apply. Provides culture sensitive care Adapts teaching to developmental level of the child Delivers the same care for children and adults Aware of human growth and development milestones Treats the child only during a hospitalization

Provides culture sensitive care Adapts teaching to developmental level of the child Aware of human growth and development milestones

During a regular health maintenance visit, the nurse asks a 7-year-old child about the names of friends and the types of games he loves to play. What is the nurse assessing when asking these questions? Motor development Social development Language development Educational development

Social development

What is the best method nurses may provide for educating adolescents about managing obesity? Providing teens with healthy options for planning meals and strategizing with them about making healthier choices will help them be healthier. Fad diets have very quick results and should be considered. Referring adolescents with a weight problem to a nutritionist is best. Talking to the adolescent's physician is the best approach, as they need to hear options from the doctor.

Providing teens with healthy options for planning meals and strategizing with them about making healthier choices will help them be healthier.

During a period of hospitalization for a chronic inflammatory childhood illness, which category of adaptive mode does the nurse give priority care to abate this condition? Psychological Self-concept Interdependence Homeostasis

Psychological

During the admission of a preschooler, the nurse asks the child's father questions about nutrition, elimination, oxygenation, and rest and comfort. Using the Roy Adaptation Model, this data is indicative of which of the four components? Interdependence Psychological Role function Homeostatic

Psychological

A nurse is caring for a toddler on an inpatient unit. Which developmental milestones should be expected at this stage by the nurse? Select all that apply. Gross motor development milestones include learning to ride a bike. Psychosocial development milestones include deciding where elimination will occur. Fine motor development milestones include learning to use a fine pincer grasp. Fine motor development milestones include drawing a circle. Cognitive development milestones include understanding the concept of object permanence.

Psychosocial development milestones include deciding where elimination will occur. Fine motor development milestones include drawing a circle.

A 4-year-old boy has been hospitalized for a viral illness. He asks the nurse if he is being punished for throwing a temper tantrum. What is the nurse's best response? Reassure the child that illness is not a punishment for behavior Refer the child for an evaluation by a social worker to see if the parents are punishing the child Ask the parents how they deal with temper tantrums in the home Ask the child if he has a lot of temper tantrums at home

Reassure the child that illness is not a punishment for behavior

While caring for a child, the child's mother shares with the nurse that the child's father is very supportive of her rooming-in with the child during this hospitalization. The nurse recognized that this was a feature of family-centered care. Which of the following concepts support this philosophy of care? Select all that apply. Medical staff are the only experts in caring for the child Recognition of the illness' effects in the entire family Encouraging rooming-in Assessment of family education needs Assessment of support

Recognition of the illness' effects in the entire family Encouraging rooming-in Assessment of family education needs Assessment of support

When providing family-focused care, the nurse should focus on which of the following philosophies? Recognition that the caregivers are experts in caring for their child. Interventions are related to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention methods. The nurse, child, and family are an interrelated system of personal, interpersonal, and social systems. Humans are an adaptive system striving for balance when unhealthy stressors are present.

Recognition that the caregivers are experts in caring for their child.

Which of the following is a risk factor for a life-threatening event or cause of apnea in an infant? Select all that apply. Hirschsprung's disease Reflux Seizures Muscular dystrophy Aspiration during feeding

Reflux Seizures Aspiration during feeding

The nurse is performing a cultural assessment on a new patient. Which areas should the nurse include in the assessment? Select all that apply. Religious beliefs Political affiliation Patient and family perception of current health status Food preferences Typical daily schedule

Religious beliefs Patient and family perception of current health status Food preferences Typical daily schedule

A nurse is providing education on using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump for pain control to a school-age child who is recovering from surgery. The patient's parent states, "We don't believe in using narcotic medications for pain, it is fundamentally against our beliefs. My child will be fine without it." How should the nurse respond? Respect the patient's and the family's beliefs and work with them to find nonpharmacological measures for pain relief. Tell the family you cannot accommodate their preference that the surgery was too painful and this treatment is in the best interest of the patient. Report the family to social services. Tell the family they are being unreasonable and causing their child unnecessary harm.

Respect the patient's and the family's beliefs and work with them to find nonpharmacological measures for pain relief.

The nurse is caring for a 4-month-old infant. What communication strategies are appropriate when caring for this client? Select all that apply. Respond to crying in a timely manner. Use a firm voice that demonstrates authority. Use a soothing tone of voice, smile often, and touch. Build a relationship with the primary caregiver/parent. Maintain routines.

Respond to crying in a timely manner. Use a soothing tone of voice, smile often, and touch. Build a relationship with the primary caregiver/parent. Maintain routines.

Place the following stages of Piaget's developmental theory in the correct order. Concrete operational Sensorimotor Preoperational Formal operational

Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete operational Formal operational

An Emergency Department (ED) nurse caring for a 12-year-old who fell provides instructions for the child's care at home and teaches about the management of the child's sprained ankle. What is the most effective way for the nurse to convey this teaching? Communicate slowly using appropriate medical terminology. Sit down at the child's level and include them in the teaching. Provide an ED discharge summary and a comprehensive list of resources, including phone numbers. Be empathetic and sincere, providing plenty of time for questions

Sit down at the child's level and include them in the teaching.

Pediatric nurses practice according to professional standards from various agencies. Which governing agency issues nursing licenses? State Board of Nursing Food and Drug Administration American Nurses Association Department of Health and Human Services

State Board of Nursing

A 9-year-old child who is at the developmental level of a 3 year old arrives at the emergency department with a fever and productive cough. The nurse reviews the client's history and assessment data to prepare the plan of care. Which action by the nurse would be appropriate when obtaining the client's blood pressure? Explains the procedure to the parents and uses gentle touch while applying the blood pressure cuff Gets down on the child's level and states "it is time to take your blood pressure Shows the BP cuff to the child and asks "Do you want to apply the blood pressure cuff on your arm?" States "this is going to give your arm a hug" while showing the cuff to the child

States "this is going to give your arm a hug" while showing the cuff to the child

A nurse is caring for an infant experiencing respiratory distress. Prior to entering the infant's hospital room to administer oral medications, which personal protective equipment should be donned? Select all that apply. Eye protection Hair cover N95 respirator Surgical mask Gloves Gown

Surgical mask Gloves Gown

What is the priority nursing intervention to ensure accurate pain assessments in a school-age child? Use a developmentally appropriate pain scale. Teach the child how to use the scale. Ask the child specifically about the pain level. Instruct the parents how to interpret facial expressions to determine pain level.

Teach the child how to use the scale.

During history taking, the nurse should determine that a 5-year-old child's language development is progressing normally if the client does what? Select all that apply. Tells stories Uses future tense Speaks in 3 or 4 word sentences Counts and sorts to 10 States full name and address and can recite poems during group activities

Tells stories Uses future tense States full name and address and can recite poems during group activities

During a well-child visit, you are providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following statements is accurate? Temper tantrums can be a sign of illness or stress in a child. Separation anxiety in toddler years is indicative of a developmental delay. Toddler-aged children should not transition to skim milk before their 3rd birthday. Children are able to begin seeing the world through other's viewpoints.

Temper tantrums can be a sign of illness or stress in a child.

Which initial indication of puberty in males is identified correctly by the nurse? Testicular enlargement Adam's apple Pubic hair Adipose tissue increases

Testicular enlargement

Upon assessment of a hospitalized 15-month-old, the nurse notices he does not pull to a standing position. The mother states that he will stand if she holds him upright. How should the nurse interpret this finding? The child has not yet met the appropriate developmental milestone for age. The child is meeting appropriate developmental milestones. It is not anticipated that the child will pull up to a standing position until the end of 1 year. Regression is normal in a hospitalized child, so the nurse would not expect him to stand at this time.

The child has not yet met the appropriate developmental milestone for age.

The nurse is assessing a 7-year-old who is suspected to be part of an altered family unit. Which finding would indicate that the client's family demonstrates a coercive family process? The client reports consistent punishment after acting out. The client says the parents do not give any rewards for household chores. The client has bruises on their stomach. The client notes that their parents tend to ignore them when they act out.

The client notes that their parents tend to ignore them when they act out.

The nurse measures the infant's head circumference at 35 centimeters and a chest circumference at 33 centimeters. How would the nurse interpret these measurements? The infant has microcephaly. The infant has caput succedaneum. The infant has macrocephaly. The infant has normal measurements.

The infant has normal measurements.

The nurse at a pediatrician's office is preparing to take the blood pressure of a 10-year-old client. What action by the nurse shows that they understand the concept of autonomy? The nurse promises a lollipop after the visit The nurse skips the BP measurement The nurse allows the client to play with the BP cuff The nurse asks what arm they would like to have their BP taken

The nurse asks what arm they would like to have their BP taken

Which teaching intervention by the nurse would be the most appropriate method to prepare a school-age child for a medical procedure? The nurse provides a simple explanation of the procedure. The nurse shows a video detailing the entire procedure. The nurse explains the procedure to the parents so that they may explain it to the child. School age children should not be told what is happening before the procedure

The nurse provides a simple explanation of the procedure.

The nurse is suctioning an infant after delivery. Which statement reflects the correct procedure for clearing the infant's airway? The nurse should routinely use a bulb syringe immediately after delivery to clear the infant's oral secretions. The nurse will use a bulb syringe in the corner of the mouth and then suction the nose. The nurse will use a bulb syringe in the center of the mouth and then suction the nose. The nurse will use a bulb syringe in the nose and then suction the mouth.

The nurse will use a bulb syringe in the corner of the mouth and then suction the nose.

Which components of the Standards of Professional Performance as outlined in the Pediatric Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice are represented here? Select all that apply. The pediatric nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to patient's health or the situation. The advanced practice pediatric nurse utilizes prescriptive authority. The pediatric nurse attains knowledge and competency that reflects current nursing practice The pediatric nurse integrates research findings into practice The pediatric nurse collaborates with the child, family, and others

The pediatric nurse attains knowledge and competency that reflects current nursing practice The pediatric nurse integrates research findings into practice The pediatric nurse collaborates with the child, family, and others

A teenage patient has been given a terminal diagnosis and is asking to discontinue treatment. The parents are not in agreement and wish to continue any therapies that might have potential benefit, no matter the risk. Which guiding principles would the nurse use in approaching this topic with the family and patient? The health-care provider should not initiate discussions about end-of-life decisions, as it could be viewed as an ethical violation. The patient should not engage in discussions about end-of-life issues because they are too young to understand the implications. The pediatric nurse should encourage the patient to share their desires and thoughts with the parents to reconcile the two viewpoints. Advance directives and the Patient Self-Determination Act only apply to patients over the age of 18, and therefore have no implications for a teenaged patient.

The pediatric nurse should encourage the patient to share their desires and thoughts with the parents to reconcile the two viewpoints.

When assessing family dynamics within a large family, the nurse should identify which behaviors as normal? Select all that apply. The youngest child is immature and has self-centered communication patterns. The first-born child is very direct in his communication style and demonstrates perfectionist behaviors. Although the middle child tries to avoid conflict, sibling rivalry sometimes occurs. All decisions are made by the head of the family and the children do not need to make decisions. There are differing opinions that can sometimes create disharmony.

The youngest child is immature and has self-centered communication patterns. The first-born child is very direct in his communication style and demonstrates perfectionist behaviors. Although the middle child tries to avoid conflict, sibling rivalry sometimes occurs. There are differing opinions that can sometimes create disharmony.

Billy is in the emergency department for a chronic history of vomiting and diarrhea of unknown origin. The nurse plots the child's measurements and realizes that Billy is below the 5th percentile for both weight and height for age. Which statement is most accurate? As long as the child is meeting normal developmental milestones, waiting until illness resolves will allow the child time to increase weight gain. The Department of Human Resources should be notified because this is a sign of abuse. Immunological conditions typically cause a significant decrease in weight and height; Billy's condition should resolve spontaneously. This finding is consistent with a diagnosis of failure to thrive.

This finding is consistent with a diagnosis of failure to thrive.

The nurse asks for the mother's assistance in getting a toddler to take her medication. Which statement by the mother requires the nurse to intervene? Do you want red or blue juice after your medicine? This is like eating grape candy If you take all the medicine, you can have a sticker Do you want mommy or the nurse to put the medicine in your mouth?

This is like eating grape candy

The nurse is taking health history information from the family of a child who has an upper respiratory problem. There are several family members present, and the nurse notices that all of the family members sit quietly, nodding, looking to the grandfather who is answering the questions. How should the nurse interpret this situation? The grandfather has everyone in the family scared to speak. The family does not understand what is being asked. The family may be trying to hide something by not allowing all members to speak and contribute. Through the family's verbal and nonverbal communication, they indicate that the grandfather is the family spokesperson.

Through the family's verbal and nonverbal communication, they indicate that the grandfather is the family spokesperson.

Which of the following is identified as the leading cause of death in school-age children? Heart defects Unintentional injuries Diabetes Alcohol and drug use

Unintentional injuries

A student nurse asks a nurse how to determine the characteristics of families demonstrating healthy communication patterns and dynamics. How should the nurse respond? Select all that apply. Use clear, congruent, and consistent verbal and nonverbal cues. Foster the child's attainment of autonomy through support and guidance. Encourage interactions and consistently interact in a positive way. Provide a structured environment that promotes optimal achievement and exemplary goal attainment. Parental guidance provides all the necessary support and decision-making.

Use clear, congruent, and consistent verbal and nonverbal cues. Foster the child's attainment of autonomy through support and guidance. Encourage interactions and consistently interact in a positive way.

A nurse is admitting a child to the inpatient unit of the hospital. Identify effective strategies that the nurse can use to facilitate establishment of a therapeutic relationship with the client and family. Select all that apply. Use good listening skills and encourage the client and family members to verbalize their questions and concerns. Encourage and assist the parents in providing care for their child. Begin discharge teaching as soon as the child is admitted. Urge the family to keep younger siblings at home to decrease environmental stress and promote rest. Provide positive feedback to the parents addressing their role and the care of their child.

Use good listening skills and encourage the client and family members to verbalize their questions and concerns. Encourage and assist the parents in providing care for their child. Begin discharge teaching as soon as the child is admitted. Provide positive feedback to the parents addressing their role and the care of their child.

On which topic should the nurse provide parental teaching in order to impact the leading cause of injury deaths in preschoolers and toddlers? Firearm and gun safety Use of lifejackets and floatation devices Second hand smoke Proper use of a bicycle helmet

Use of lifejackets and floatation devices

A nurse is caring for a toddler whose parents only speak Spanish. The nurse needs to obtain consent to perform an emergency appendectomy. What options are recommended if an interpreter is not readily available? Select all that apply. Use charades and hand gestures to communicate. Use pictures to communicate ideas. Use family members to serve as interpreters. Use the Internet for interpretation. Use someone, other than the parents, who speaks English to gain consent.

Use pictures to communicate ideas. Use family members to serve as interpreters. Use the Internet for interpretation.

The nurse knows to earn a school-age child's trust by using which techniques? Select all that apply. Explaining procedures truthfully Using medical language Using age-appropriate teaching techniques Allowing child to participate in own care Focusing attention on caregivers

Using age-appropriate teaching techniques Allowing child to participate in own care Explaining procedures truthfully

The nurse knows an infant receives which type of immunity when given a diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine? Natural active immunity Vaccine induced immunity Passive immunity Natural passive immunity

Vaccine induced immunity

A nurse is providing education to a group of parents about the importance of immunizations. Which fact about immunizations should the nurse include in their teaching? Vaccines have significantly reduced the incidence of several communicable diseases. Vaccines have had no overall impact on the health and wellness of children. Vaccines have serious consequences, like increased incidence of autism. Since the use of vaccines in the United States, the polio virus has been completely eradicated worldwide.

Vaccines have significantly reduced the incidence of several communicable diseases.

When performing a physical assessment on a hospitalized adolescent, how should the nurse best protect their privacy? Perform the physical assessment on the client over their clothes Wait until there is no one else in the room to perform the physical assessment Ask the physician to perform the physical assessment Ask pertinent questions, making sure to address the adolescent first, then, politely ask parents and visitors to step out of the room momentarily in order to complete the physical assessment

Ask pertinent questions, making sure to address the adolescent first, then, politely ask parents and visitors to step out of the room momentarily in order to complete the physical assessment

Which screenings do school nurses perform annually in the adolescent population? Select all that apply. Diabetes Cholesterol Body mass index (BMI) Hearing Tuberculosis

Body mass index (BMI) Hearing

The nurse is seeing a school-age child in the urgent care center. The child has a fever of 104°F. The dad is worried that this high fever indicates a very serious infection. What statement by the nurse is the best to calm the dad? Don't worry, its not a big deal We will need to refer you to a hospital right away Because children's immune systems are not as refined as adults, they can run high fevers for ailments such as the common cold We'll give her some medicine and you'll be on your way

Because children's immune systems are not as refined as adults, they can run high fevers for ailments such as the common cold

The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment on a 3-year-old toddler. What technique should the nurse use to gain cooperation from the child? Begin with the most invasive parts of the exam to get those done quickly Use a systematic approach from head to toe to avoid missing any areas Stop if the child protests or refuses to cooperate Begin with the least invasive parts of the exam then move to most intrusive

Begin with the least invasive parts of the exam then move to most intrusive

Which data will the nurse collect when completing a Pediatric Early Warning System (PEWS) assessment on a postoperative school-age child? Select all that apply. Behavior Cardiovascular Sleep habits Respiratory Pain scale

Behavior Cardiovascular Respiratory

When assessing a toddler or preschooler, the nurse should keep in mind that children will respond to which of the following measures? Being allowed to touch equipment before the nurse uses it. Standing upright over the child to demonstrate authority. Asking the mother to step out of the room for privacy. Ignoring questions or comments that may be distracting.

Being allowed to touch equipment before the nurse uses it.

Which attributes are imperatives for maintaining a positive nurse-patient therapeutic relationship in the care of children and families? Select all that apply. Identifying one's cultural biases Being culturally competent Addressing one's cultural biases Integrating evidence-based practice Good listening skills

Being culturally competent Addressing one's cultural biases Integrating evidence-based practice Good listening skills

The pediatric nurse recognizes that communication with the child and the family is an important aspect of care. What strategies enhance therapeutic communication with school-age children and their families? Select all that apply. Being sympathetic and nonjudgmental Being genuine and responsive Using open-ended questions Using active listening skills Using diverse senses to communicate

Being genuine and responsive Using open-ended questions Using active listening skills Using diverse senses to communicate

During a well-child visit, the nurse would ask about which developmental milestones in a 13-month-old toddler? Select all that apply. Can your child walk or take a few steps on their own? Does your child experience separation anxiety? Is your child able to dress themselves? Which words does your child say? Can your child throw a ball?

Can your child walk or take a few steps on their own? Does your child experience separation anxiety? Which words does your child say?

During a pediatric office visit, a 7-year-old child begins to cry as he tells the nurse that his 2-year-old sibling is ill. The nurse is aware that the client's sibling has recently been diagnosed with leukemia. Knowledgeable of pediatric growth and development, the nurse recognizes that the client's distress may be related to what? Fear and anxiety Disruption in family roles and routines Feelings of being responsible for the sibling's illness Sibling rivalry or jealousy

Feelings of being responsible for the sibling's illness

The nurse must obtain a signature on the consent for surgery form for a preschool child. The lady at the bedside states she is the child's aunt and that the child lives with her at this time. How should the nurse proceed? Have the aunt sign the consent form. Wait for the parent to come in and fill out the consent from. Find out who the legal guardian is for the child and have that person sign the consent form. Have two physicians sign the form since the parents are not present.

Find out who the legal guardian is for the child and have that person sign the consent form.

The pediatric nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child. What effective communication strategies will the nurse implement when communicating with this child? Select all that apply. Give them choices when possible. Use concrete terms that the child understands. Prepare the child for the procedure days in advance. Assume the same position as the child to maintain eye contact. Use statements such as "good job."

Give them choices when possible. Use concrete terms that the child understands. Assume the same position as the child to maintain eye contact. Use statements such as "good job."

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of strep throat? Select all that apply. Severe sore throat Rash in mouth, on palms of hands, soles of feet "Slapped cheek" appearance of the face Headache Stomachache

Headache Stomachache Severe sore throat

The pediatric nurse works as part of a collaborative team to provide health care to patients. What should the nurse identify as integral parts of a multidisciplinary relationship? Select all that apply. Health-care providers work as a team and share information as appropriate. Respect any differences of opinion. The senior member should get the final say in any disagreement. The patient's best interest is kept in mind by all care providers. Ethics consultations should be avoided when there are differences.

Health-care providers work as a team and share information as appropriate. Respect any differences of opinion. The patient's best interest is kept in mind by all care providers.

The nurse is discussing immunity with parents. Which statement supports the parent's decision to breastfeed the infant? The infant's immune system is fully developed by birth. Passive immunity is provided by breast milk. The breastfed infant has exposure to proteins and can develop allergies. The five immunoglobulins are found in breast milk.

Passive immunity is provided by breast milk.

The use of patient identifiers in the pediatric setting poses specific challenges. Which statement represents a best practice to avoid errors in patient identification? Utilize the patient's room number and name as the two patient identifiers. Place infant ID bands on parents and use these as identification when giving medication. Reinforce to teenage patients the need for ID bands for safety and visually inspect to see the band is in place with every interaction. In outpatient settings, ask children to verify their name and date of birth since no ID bands are in place.

Reinforce to teenage patients the need for ID bands for safety and visually inspect to see the band is in place with every interaction.

The nurse is discharging an infant after circumcision. What is an important teaching guide for a caregiver to care for the circumcised infant at home? Take the gauze off the penis when you get home. Report bleeding after 3 days to the pediatrician. Administer sugar for pain control. Notify the pediatrician when the infant voids

Report bleeding after 3 days to the pediatrician.

The parents of a 15-year-old teenager discuss with the nurse the communication difficulties they are experiencing with their child. They describe numerous instances of heated arguments in which the teen rushes to her room and slams the door. The nurse recognizes that the parents are describing a stage of family development. This stage is called what? Performing Norming Adjourning Storming

Storming