Exam 1 (Panopto 12)

GAGs molecular weight can range from

7,000D to 55,000D

Proteoglycans and GAGs what does it look like (structure)

A bottle cleaner, the bristles are the GAGs and the stick is the protein core Structure: proteoglycan monomer

Different sizes of monomers

Small betaglycan (50,000D) decorin (50,000D) Large aggrecan (3,000,000D)

characteristic of ground substance of CT proper

amorphous gel

Examples of GAGs

chondroitin-4-sulfate (cartilage and bone) chondroitin-6-sulfate (cartilage) dermatan sulfate (skin) keratan sulfate type 1 (cornea) keratan sulfate type 2 (cartilage) heparin sulfate (basement membrane) hyaluronic acid (HA) (cartilage and CT proper)

Composition of ground substance (3)

glycoproteins proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

Glycoproteins in CT proper

low in concentration (fibronectin and laminin) mainly protein carbohydrate chains are short and branched there are no repeating disaccharide units no uronic acid

Proteoglycans

made primarily of carbs high in concentration carb chains (GAGs) are long and linear have uronic acid have repeating disaccharide units

How can we alter the size of proteoglycan monomers? (2)

1. Varying the number of GAGs on protein core 2. Using GAGs that have different molecular weights