exam 2

Select all the ways that your food choices can affect the environment. They affect the resources used to ship the food. They affect the resources used to grow the food. They affect the type and amount of food packaging used. They affect how well the body can meet its nutritional needs.

- They affect the resources used to ship the food. - They affect the resources used to grow the food. - They affect the type and amount of food packaging used.

What level of BAC is considered to be above the legal limit for people under age 21? Multiple choice question. 0.08 percent 0.04 percent 0.02 percent or higher Under 0.08 percent

0.02

For the purpose of monitoring alcohol consumption, a standard drink is the amount of a beverage that contains _blank​_ ounce(s) of alcohol. Multiple choice question. 1.0 1.6 0.06 0.6

0.6

Of the 20 amino acids, how many can the body make? 9 18 11 3

11

Overall, approximately what percentage of US adults currently smoke? Multiple choice question. 40 percent 24 percent 4 percent 14 percent

14 percent

Half of all new STI cases occur in which age group? 25-34 15-24 13-18 35-44

15-24

An individual should consult a physician if foodborne illness symptoms last more than how long? 2 weeks 1 week 3 days 1 month

3 days

What is the FDA's recommended daily protein intake on a 2,000-calorie diet? 10 grams 20 grams 50 grams 100 grams

50 grams

Which of the following is a treatment for chlamydia? Topical cream Surgery Antibiotics Urethra inhibitor

Antibiotics

Which of the following factors influence blood alcohol concentration? (Select all that apply.) Biological sex Ratio of body height to weight Whether the person has eaten Rate of alcohol consumption

Biological sex Whether the person has eaten Rate of alcohol consumption

What happens as a result of contracting HIV? Multiple choice question. CD4+ T cells can no longer be counted. CD4+ T cells multiply and destroy vital organs. CD4+ T cells are destroyed. CD4+ T cells grow to be too large.

CD4+ T cells are destroyed.

Which of the following are the most commonly used legal psychoactive drugs in the United States? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Caffeine Alcohol Prescription drugs Tobacco

Caffeine Alcohol Tobacco

Which type of cancer accounts for the vast majority of all cancers diagnosed? Multiple choice question. Lymphoma Leukemia Carcinoma Sarcoma

Carcinoma

Any disease that affects the heart, blood vessels, or both are classified as which of the following? Cardiovascular disease Endocrine disorder Angina Atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular disease

What is the primary complication associated with HPV? Cervical cancer Ovarian cancer Testicular cancer Infertility

Cervical cancer

What are some of the symptoms of alcohol poisoning? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Confusion Hypothermia Seizures Vomiting Rapid breathing

Confusion Hypothermia Seizures Vomiting

What are the general components of spirituality? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Developing a system of personal beliefs and values Finding meaning and purpose in life Feeling a connectedness to oneself and others Acquiring influence over others

Developing a system of personal beliefs and values Finding meaning and purpose in life Feeling a connectedness to oneself and others

Which of the following are tools from the federal government that help individuals design healthy diets? (Select all that apply.) Dietary Guidelines for Americans Food Network Guidelines Atkins Diet Food List Dietary Reference Intakes MyPlate

Dietary Guidelines for Americans Dietary Reference Intakes MyPlate

The primary risk factors for acquiring hepatitis B are which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Direct contact with blood Hugging and embracing Shaking hands Sexual activity

Direct contact with blood Sexual activity

Pathogens can be transmitted in which of the following ways? (Select all that apply.) Disease vectors Indirect contact Inhalation Endurance exercise Direct contact

Disease vectors Indirect contact Inhalation Direct contact

Which of the following statements about breakfast is true? Skipping breakfast rarely leads to hunger later in the morning. Vending machines are a good source of healthy breakfast options. Eating a healthy breakfast is considerably more important than eating a healthy dinner. Eating a healthy breakfast is a challenge because many people claim not to have enough time

Eating a healthy breakfast is a challenge because many people claim not to have enough time.

The virus that causes mononucleosis is called the _blank​_ Epstein-Barr virus. MRSA virus. herpes virus. rhinovirus.

Epstein-Barr virus.

True or false: A person's ethnicity is not associated with their risk of CVD. True false question. True False

FALSE

True or false: Antioxidants are listed as one of the six classes of essential nutrients.

False

True or false: Cardiovascular disease refers to a single disease that affects the heart and blood vessels. True false question.TrueFalse

False

Which of the following are effects of MDMA? (Select all that apply.) Feelings of stimulation Feelings of emotional warmth Distortions in sensory perceptions Muscle relaxation

Feelings of stimulation Feelings of emotional warmth Distortions in sensory perceptions

Insufficient blood supply resulting from heart failure often leads to which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Fluid buildup Shortness of breath Dehydration Fatigue

Fluid buildup Shortness of breath Fatigue

Which of the following are risk factors for type 2 diabetes? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Having a family history of diabetes Having had a heart attack Being overweight Being physically inactive

Having a family history of diabetes Being overweight Being physically inactive

A preliminary study of vape users showed a significant increase in the risk of which of the following, as compared to nonusers? (Select all that apply.) Heart attack Lung cancer Stroke Pancreatic cancer

Heart attack Stroke

In its tertiary stage, syphilis can cause which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Heart disease Blindness Type 2 diabetes Cancer Mental illness

Heart disease Blindness Mental illness

What is the name for sustained high blood pressure? Multiple choice question. Hyperlipidemia Hypertension Atherosclerosis Metabolic syndrome

Hypertension

What risk factors for developing CVD do many people with diabetes have? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Hypertension Increased weight Epileptic episodes Unhealthy lipid levels

Hypertension Increased weight Unhealthy lipid levels

What type of lipoprotein is considered "bad" because it leads to deposits of cholesterol on artery walls? Multiple choice question. Triglycerides High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Amino acids Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

What type of cancer occurs in the cells of the immune system? Multiple choice question. Lymphoma Sarcoma Carcinoma Leukemia

Lymphoma

Which of the following statements about saturated fatty acids are true? No bonds on the fatty-acid chain are attached to hydrogen atoms. All bonds between carbon atoms on the fatty-acid chain are double bonds. Saturated fatty acids are generally solid at room temperature. Saturated fatty acids in foods are primarily animal products.

Saturated fatty acids are generally solid at room temperature. Saturated fatty acids in foods are primarily animal products.

Direct transmission of pathogens from one person to the other can occur through which of the following means? (Select all that apply.) Sharing a pencil Sexual contact Kissing Touching a doorknob Direct personal touch

Sexual contact Kissing Direct personal touch

HSV 2 can be contracted through which of the following ways? Swollen glands An airborne virus Skin-to-skin contact Sex

Skin-to-skin contact Sex

Almost all cases of peripheral artery disease occur in _blank​_ Multiple choice question. alcoholics. sedentary people. smokers. hyperactive people.

Smokers

Fruit drinks, in contrast to natural fruit juices, usually have added _blank​_. oils nutrients sugar salt

Sugar

Who is the most at risk for contracting HIV? Multiple choice question. The insertive partner during unprotected anal sex The receptive partner unprotected oral sex. The insertive partner during unprotected vaginal sex. The receptive partner during unprotected anal sex.

The receptive partner during unprotected anal sex.

Which of the following statements about the body's response to a stressor is true? The sympathetic nervous system generates the fight-or-flight response, and the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis. The body secretes hormones, sometimes in large enough doses to strengthen the immune system. The fight-or-flight response is stronger in women than in men. The parasympathetic nervous system generates the fight-or-flight response, and the sympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis.

The sympathetic nervous system generates the fight-or-flight response, and the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis.

Which of the following statements best describes how most weight-loss supplements work? They tend to increase metabolism or decrease appetite. They tend to make users more knowledgeable about healthful food choices. They tend to introduce people to a healthful variety of new foods. They tend to help people plan and track their daily eating habits.

They tend to increase metabolism or decrease appetite.

Colds and influenza are both caused by _blank​_ parasites. bacteria. fungi. viruses.

VIRUSES

Consuming excess calories from which of the following sources will increase body fat?

alcohol fat carbohydrates protein

The building blocks of proteins are _blank​_. amino acids calories structural elements enzymes

amino acids

MRSA is a type of staph bacteria that causes skin infections and is resistant to treatment with _blank​_ pathogens. viruses. antigens. antibiotics.

antibiotics

The molecules that bind to and mark an invading agent for destruction are called _blank​_ antigens. pathogens. antibodies. memory cells.

antibodies

The protein markers on the surface of infection-causing agents that set off the immune response are called _blank​_ antigens. antibodies. memory cells. pathogens.

antigens

A persistent state of worry or nervousness not directed at any particular threat is known as _blank​_ a phobia. stress. rational fear. anxiety.

anxiety

Hepatitis is caused by _blank​_ an airborne virus. a bacterium that cannot be treated. a fungus. any one of three hepatitis viruses.

any one of three hepatitis viruses.

Amphetamines are often abused because the drugs have what trait? Muscle relaxant Anti-anxiety Appetite suppression Sleep aid

appetite suppression

In addition to deadly chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, being overweight can cause which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. -hair loss and near-sightedness -asthma and other respiratory problems -joint problems such as osteoarthritis -sleep apnea

asthma and other respiratory problems joint problems such as osteoarthritis sleep apnea

Syphilis is caused by a _blank​_ infection. bacterial fungal viral chancre

bacterial

Water is important to the body in part because it is a major ingredient in _blank​_. blood bones hair cartilage

blood

which of the following areas do women typically carry more fat than men?

breasts uterine area

Ice cream _blank​_. is low in fat can be enjoyed occasionally is an ideal dairy source has little added sugar

can be enjoyed occasionally

Which of the following is characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells? Multiple choice question. Hyperglycemia Meiosis Metastasis Cancer

cancer

Essential body fat is found in or as a component of which of the following?

cell membranes lining of the lungs bone marrow

The sore that appears during primary syphilis is called a _blank​_ chancre. wart. HSV. PID.

chancre

The sore that appears during primary syphilis is called a _blank​_ Multiple choice question. chancre. wart. PID. HSV.

chancre

The condition whereby liver cells are replaced by scar tissue, thus disrupting the functions of the liver, is called _blank​_ Multiple choice question. alcohol dementia. cirrhosis. intoxication. psychosis.

cirrhosis

The best programs for fat loss _blank​_. Multiple choice question. combine increased exercise with modest reductions in energy intake minimize exercise to ensure that all lost weight is in the form of fat attempt to slow resting metabolism to preserve existing fat stores focus on exercise as a method of converting fat to muscle

combine increased exercise with modest reductions in energy intake

Which of the following are strategies for treating a suspected foodborne illness? (Select all that apply.) consulting a physician if symptoms are severe drinking fluids exercising not consuming any foods or fluids until symptoms resolve

consulting a physician if symptoms are severe drinking fluids

The single leading cause of death in the United States is _blank​_ Multiple choice question. coronary artery disease. arrhythmia. stroke. arteriosclerosis.

coronary artery disease.

Which of the following functions do fats perform in the body? cushioning organs providing thermal insulation repairing tissue absorption of certain vitamins

cushioning organs providing thermal insulation absorption of certain vitamins

The Daily Value standards exist for which of the following? water levels dietary fiber total fat calcium

dietary fiber total fat calcium

Healthful omega-3 fatty acids include _blank​_. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ribonucleic acid (RNA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

MDMA is more commonly known as _blank​_ ecstasy. snow. smack. crystal.

ecstasy

People with diabetes are at an increased risk for CVD, partly because the _blank​_ Multiple choice question. elevated glucose levels can fortify blood vessels, causing them to deliver too many nutrients to cells. diminished glucose levels can contribute to exhaustion and stress. diminished glucose levels can lead to low levels of blood reaching the brain. elevated glucose levels can damage blood vessels and contribute to atherosclerosis.

elevated glucose levels can damage blood vessels and contribute to atherosclerosis.

In contrast to "heavy episodic drinking (HED)," binge drinking is now defined as _blank​_ drinking quickly and acting rambunctiously at social gatherings. the consumption of a large quantity of alcohol in one evening. excessive drinking that leads directly to confrontations with the police. excessive drinking over an extended period of time.

excessive drinking over an extended period of time.

True or false: According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines, the recommended intake of water is 8 glasses per day.

false

True or false: HIV is more contagious than Hepatitis B. True false question. True False

false

True or false: It is much easier to gain weight and then lose it than it is to prevent weight gain. True false question. True False

false

True or false: Personality can be expressed in behaviors and in interactions with others but not through patterns of thought or feeling. True false question. True False

false

Anger triggers the urge to _blank​_ run. fight. debate. compromise.

fight

What is the purpose of CD4+ T cells? Multiple choice question. Build white blood cells Pass on infection Fight infection Fight antibodies

fight infection

What condition was the DASH diet originally developed to address? high blood pressure gout high cholesterol migraines

high blood pressure

Which of the following are included in the dairy group of foods? (Select all that apply.) ice cream lactose-free milk coconut water cottage cheese

ice cream lactose-free milk cottage cheese

Nutrient-dense foods are typically _blank​_. (Select all that apply.) bad for the teeth and gums high in calories and low in water and fiber low in calories naturally abundant in vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial food compounds

low in calories naturally abundant in vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial food compounds

When shopping for prepared foods, it's important to _blank​_. trust that foods are as healthy as they claim to be be prepared to use extra butter buy the most expensive items read labels

read labels

Which of the following are reasons that people have for adopting a vegetarian diet? (Select all that apply.) a feeling of not liking animals religious beliefs environmental effects of meat production ethical considerations

religious beliefs environmental effects of meat production ethical considerations

Which of the following are sources of dietary cholesterol? lentils sausage chicken bacon oatmeal

sausage chicken bacon

Sucrose and fructose are examples of _blank​_. dietary fiber complex carbohydrates simple carbohydrates starches

simple carbohydrates

Saturated fatty acids are usually _blank​_ at room temperature. brittle gaseous solid liquid

solid

The collection of physiological and emotional changes that occur in response to a threat is called _blank​_. assertive behavior homeostasis stress a stressor

stress

A specific event or condition that triggers stress is called a _blank​_. depressant stressor provoker stimulant

stressor

Water assists the body in which of the following functions? temperature control night vision digestion hair growth absorption of food

temperature control digestion absorption of food

Dietary cholesterol is a waxy substance found in _blank​_. sunflower seed kernels processed foods the cell membranes of animal tissues the cell walls of seasonal plants

the cell membranes of animal tissues

The physiological state of deep rest that changes the physical and emotional response to stress is called _blank​_ Multiple choice question. the relaxation response. insomnia. progressive muscle relaxation. the fight-or-flight response.

the relaxation response.

The transactional model of stress describes _blank​_ Multiple choice question. how people explain the outcome of exposure to a stressor. what stressors affect people. how the stress response works. the steps most people take when responding to a stressor.

the steps most people take when responding to a stressor.

What is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States? Multiple choice question. Inactivity Poor nutrition Tobacco use Alcohol use

tobacco use

Which of the following has been approved by the FDA for preventing HIV infection? Multiple choice question. Antibiotics Nonoxynol Truvada A vaccine

truvada

Which of the following are nutrient-dense foods? vegetables fruits processed foods cheese fish

vegetables fruits fish

type of fat can be most harmful to one's health if one has too much of it?

visceral fat

Which of the following are nutrients? (Select all that apply.) water calories minerals carbohydrates

water minerals carbohydrates

Select the two infectious diseases that reemerged after vaccination rates against the disease fell. Smallpox in Mexico Measles in the United States Pertussis in Japan Diphtheria in Spain

Measles in the United States Pertussis in Japan

_blank​_ is a prescription opioid commonly used to treat heroin or morphine addiction. Benzodiazepine Amphetamine Methadone Cocaine

Methadone

In 2018 what percentage of opioid overdose deaths occurred in users who had a legal prescription for the drug? Multiple choice question. 10 50 90 35

35

The age group most exposed to secondhand smoke is _blank​_ Multiple choice question. 12-19. 20-39. 4-11. 40-59.

4-11

There is general agreement that genetics is responsible for about what percentage of a person's vulnerability to addiction? 40-60 percent 70-90 percent Zero percent 5-15 percent

40-60 percent

A cigarette contains more than 4,000 chemicals, which includes approximately how many toxins? Multiple choice question. 400 50 100 2,000

400

A bottle of liquor labeled "86 proof" contains _blank​_ percent alcohol. Multiple choice question. 23 86 43 50

43

The AMDR for solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) is ______​_ percent or less of total daily calories.

5-15

Tobacco use accounts for approximately how many deaths each year? Multiple choice question. 500,000 5,000,000 50,000 5,000

500,000

Experiencing fear during a life-threatening event is an example of which of the following? Irrational anxiety Rational anxiety A phobia A disorder

Rational anxiety

The health benefits of moderate alcohol use include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Reduced blood clot formation Elevated blood pressure An increased tolerance for larger quantities of alcohol A small increase in good cholesterol

Reduced blood clot formation A small increase in good cholesterol

Which type of cancer occurs in tissues such as bone, fat, and muscle? Multiple choice question. Lymphoma Sarcoma Carcinoma Myeloma

Sarcoma

Which of the following can contain caffeine? (Select all that apply.) Soft drinks Marijuana Dietary supplements Energy drinks Wine Tea

Soft drinks Dietary supplements Energy drinks Tea

Which of the following are symptoms of meningitis? (Select all that apply.) Stiff neck High fever Constant sneezing Light sensitivity Severe headache

Stiff neck High fever Light sensitivity Severe headache

Which of the following statements is true about the risk of ailments resulting from being overweight? Multiple choice question. -The risk is greater if fat is located in the hips instead of the abdomen. -The risk is greater if fat is located in the abdomen than in the hips. -The risk is greater if one has large amounts of subcutaneous fat near the liver. -The risk is greater if one has low levels of cholesterol.

The risk is greater if fat is located in the abdomen than in the hips.

Hypertension leads to which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Weakening of the heart Damage to the blood vessels Complications with breathing Loss of appetite

Weakening of the heart Damage to the blood vessels

Which of the following are among the immediate benefits of quitting smoking? (Select all that apply.) Wider dating prospects Improved ability to taste food Better vision Fewer missed days of work Diminished sense of smell

Wider dating prospects Improved ability to taste food Fewer missed days of work

The Yerkes-Dodson law states that _blank​_ Multiple choice question. performance decreases as stress level increases. a certain amount of stress is good for performance, but too much is bad. stress should be kept to a minimum for optimal performance. performance increases as stress level increases.

a certain amount of stress is good for performance, but too much is bad.

Permanent damage can result if blood flow to the brain stops for more than _blank​_ Multiple choice question. 5 minutes. 2 minutes. a few seconds. a minute.

a few seconds.

Osteoporosis is characterized by _blank​_. increased muscle mass in arms and legs increased deposits of fat in the hips and thighs loss of hair a weakening of the bones

a weakening of the bones

Which of the following terms refers to a behavior or habit that is out of control and has a serious effect on a person's life? Physical dependence Habituation Addictive behavior Intoxication

addictive behavior

Expressing wants and desires without consideration for others is called _blank​_ communication. Multiple choice question. direct passive aggressive assertive

aggressive

Public health officials have identified one vitamin and three minerals that are of special concern because _blank​_. they are toxic many Americans are allergic to them most Americans do not consume the right amounts they cannot be excreted from the body

most Americans do not consume the right amounts vit D CALCIUM, POTASSIUM, AND SODIUM

Openings in the body are often lined with _blank​_ membranes as a defense against pathogens. antibody cilia enzyme mucous

mucous

The essential macronutrient that is the major structural component of all the cells in the body is known as _blank​_. protein water carbohydrates fiber

protein

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) specify the recommended intake levels of nutrients for _blank​_. individuals of all ages adolescents infants and toddlers elderly people

individuals of all ages

In general, men are more likely than women to react to stress by _blank​_ talking things out. nurturing others. befriending people and seeking consensus. initiating a confrontation or withdrawing.

initiating a confrontation or withdrawing.

Minerals are _blank​_ compounds. organic carbonlike inorganic carbon-heavy

inorganic

The DASH diet _blank​_. is recommended for older adults only is believed to reduce the risk of chronic diseases has been discredited because it promotes rapid weight loss is thought to cause hypertension

is believed to reduce the risk of chronic diseases

Vegetarians need to pay attention to iron intake because the iron found in plant foods _blank​_. is absorbed too quickly into the bloodstream is more difficult for the body to absorb than the iron found in meat and poultry is not as healthy as the iron found in meat and poultry has contaminants that cause cancer and lung disease

is more difficult for the body to absorb than the iron found in meat and poultry

Lactose intolerance results from an insufficient production of the enzyme _blank​_. maltase galactase sucrase lactase

lactase

Compared to fruit drinks, fruit juice usually has which of the following? fewer nutrients less added sugar more added sugar more nutrients

less added sugar more nutrients

The type of cancer that arises from blood or blood-forming cells is called _blank​_ sarcoma. leukemia. lymphoma. carcinoma.

leukemia.

The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines include recommendations to _blank​_.

limit added sugars and saturated fats, and reduce sodium intake. focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount.

HSV 1 most often infects the _blank​_ cervix. eyes and ears. lips and mouth. internal organs.

lips and mouth.

Hepatitis is characterized by inflammation of the _blank​_ kidneys. joints. liver. membrane surrounding the brain.

liver

If one focuses on the "energy in" side of the energy balance equation, one is likely to _blank​_. Multiple choice question. lose more water than muscle lose more water than fat lose more fat than muscle lose more muscle than fat

lose more muscle than fat

In the United States, which group has higher rates of HIV infection? Multiple choice question. Men Men and women have the same rate of infection. Women

men

Diabetes is a disorder of carbohydrate _blank​_ Multiple choice question. digestion. metabolism. ingestion. excretion.

metabolism

Lactose intolerance refers to the inability to digest lactose, which is the main sugar in_____

milk/dairy

Many athletes seek a healthy diet that _blank​_. Multiple choice question. -maximizes resistance and energy -maximizes resistance and minimizes drag -minimizes drag and maximizes energy -maximizes drag and energy

minimizes drag and maximizes energy

In addition to being needed in the repair and growth of muscle and bone, _blank​_ and their components also function as enzymes and hormones and as carriers of important molecules throughout the body. proteins fats minerals carbohydrates

proteins

The DASH diet limits which of the following? (Select all that apply.) seafood red meat sodium vegetables

red meat sodium

Omega-3 fatty acids are considered healthy because they _blank​_. increase inflammation reduce blood clots normalize heart rhythms increase triglyceride levels

reduce blood clots normalize heart rhythms

The extent of the relationship between a risk factor and a specific kind of cancer is known as _blank​_ Multiple choice question. lifetime risk. a risk factor. relative risk. a risk window.

relative risk

The collection of physiological and emotional changes that occur in response to a threat is called _blank​_. Multiple choice question. stress homeostasis assertive behavior a stressor

stress

The condition in which the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted is called _blank​_ cardiac arrest. syncope. a stroke. angina.

stroke

Which type of fat is located directly under the skin?

subcutaneous fat

One of the major roles of fat in the body is _blank​_. regulating body functions supplying energy repairing tissue regulating water

supplying energy

Antiviral drugs can _blank​_ suppress HIV. cure AIDS. eliminate the need for condoms. cure HIV.

suppress hiv

Simple carbohydrates occur naturally in which of the following? (Select all that apply.) sweet potatoes starches fruits milk products legumes

sweet potatoes fruits milk products

Progressive muscle relaxation is a technique that involves _blank​_ Multiple choice question. tensing muscles and then actively reducing the tension while concentrating on one's body. concentrating on numerous muscle groups at the same time. holding one's breath for as long as possible while flexing muscles. relaxing the muscles and then gradually tensing them while focusing on the one's body.

tensing muscles and then actively reducing the tension while concentrating on one's body.

Blood alcohol concentration can be defined as _blank​_ the amount of alcohol in the blood in terms of weight of alcohol per unit volume of blood. the effect that alcohol has on the capacity of an intoxicated person to concentrate. the percent chance that alcohol consumption will lead to violence or bloodshed. a percentage of the alcohol a person consumed in a period of time

the amount of alcohol in the blood in terms of weight of alcohol per unit volume of blood.

True or false: A person can be infected with HIV and not have AIDS. True false question. True False

true

Which of the following health issues are directly linked to using tobacco? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Lung cancer Cancers of the mouth, throat, and pancreas Obesity, bulimia, and anorexia

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Lung cancer Cancers of the mouth, throat, and pancreas

Which of the following can result from syphilis during pregnancy? (Select all that apply.) Developmental delays in the infant Premature birth Miscarriage Fetal alcohol syndrome

Developmental delays in the infant Premature birth Miscarriage

Legal drugs that contain amphetamine include with of the following? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Xanax Dexedrine Valium Adderall

Dexedrine Adderall

Which of the following can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease? (Select all that apply.) Douching An airborne virus Untreated gonorrhea Untreated chlamydia

Douching Untreated gonorrhea Untreated chlamydia

Risk factors for the spread of MRSA infections are common in which of the following places? (Select all that apply.) Grocery stores Gyms Dormitories Hospitals

Gyms Dormitories Hospitals

MDMA has the properties of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Hallucinogens Decongestants Depressants Stimulants

Hallucinogens Stimulants

What is the condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood at a sufficient rate or volume to supply adequate blood to the body? Multiple choice question. Angina Heart failure Heart murmur Hypertension

Heart failure

Which of the following are potential long-term effects of alcohol abuse on the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply.) Decreased blood pressure High blood pressure Increased chance of stroke Cardiomyopathy

High blood pressure Increased chance of stroke Cardiomyopathy

Crack cocaine use in the United States was a national crisis in the _blank​_ Multiple choice question. 1970s. 1940s and 1950s. 1980s and 1990s. early 2000s.

1980s and 1990s.

For which level of caloric intake do the Daily Values represent appropriate levels of nutrients? 2,000 calories per day 3,000 calories per day 1,500 calories per day 2,500 calories per day

2,000 calories per day

Nearly _blank​_ million new STI cases occur each year. 20 5 15 10

20

The water in foods typically accounts for what percentage of an individual's daily intake of water? 20 percent 25 percent 50 percent 80 percent

20 percent

Approximately how much money does a person who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day spend on cigarettes in a year? Multiple choice question. $500 $2,000 $200 $10,000

2000

A person in their mid-50s at average risk should be tested for diabetes at least every _blank​_ Multiple choice question. year. 5 years. 3 years. 10 years.

3 years.

The percent of total body weight that is essential fat in a male is typically _blank​_ percent

3-5

At what age does the proportion of smokers in the US population drop precipitously? Multiple choice question. 35 50 65 25

65

According to the Dietary Reference Intakes, you should decrease daily calorie intake by _blank​_ calories per day each year to avoid weight gain related to age-related decreases in metabolism. 7-10 20-25 37-40 1-2

7-10

In 2018 opioid-related overdose deaths accounted for what percentage of all drug-related overdose death is in the United States? Multiple choice question. 30 50 15 70

70

What is the recommended daily protein intake for a healthy 200-pound adult? 72 grams 65 grams 36 grams 54 grams

72 grams

How many American deaths per year are caused by alcohol? Multiple choice question. 50,000 100,000 25,000 85,000

85000

About _blank​_ percent of HIV infections can be detected within 3 months of exposure. Multiple choice question. 65 98 80 50

98

Select all the statements about the effectiveness of vaccines that are true. A vaccine produces different immune responses in different people. Most vaccines are completely effective. Vaccine hesitancy against a disease in a population allows greater spread of the disease. Some vaccines require regular booster shots to maintain immunity.

A vaccine produces different immune responses in different people. Vaccine hesitancy against a disease in a population allows greater spread of the disease. Some vaccines require regular booster shots to maintain immunity.

Which of the following does the body release during the fight-or-flight response? (Select all that apply.) Oxytocin Cortisone Adrenaline Cortisol

Adrenaline Cortisol

People with which of the following genetic heritages have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Italian American African American Irish American Asian American American Indian

African American Asian American American Indian

Which of the following should be limited for optimal cardiovascular health? (Select all that apply.) Alcohol Legumes Trans fats Salt Added sugars Fiber

Alcohol Trans fats Salt Added sugars

Who among the following needs to pay attention to dietary patterns? Ross, who struggles with his weight Kamala, who captains an intramural soccer team Bon-Hwa, who has always been slender All answer choices are correct.

All answer choices are correct.

Symptoms of withdrawal from marijuana include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Cravings for junk food Dementia Anxiety Decreased appetite Sleeplessness

Anxiety Decreased appetite Sleeplessness

What is the form of CAD in which fats or cholesterol builds up in the inner lining of arteries, leading to narrowing, reduction of blood flow, and possible blockage? Multiple choice question. Heart attack Hypertension Stroke Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis

Which of the following statements about body mass index (BMI) is true? Multiple choice question. BMI can help highlight one's potential susceptibility to health problems. BMI is based on insurance company data. Calculating BMI requires more sophisticated equipment than what is needed to calculate percent body fat. BMI is not considered a useful metric.

BMI can help highlight one's potential susceptibility to health problems.

What are some factors that can increase the likelihood of addiction? (Select all that apply.) Behavior or substance that causes a sudden but brief rush of unpleasant feelings Behavior or substance that causes a sudden but brief rush of pleasurable feelings Chaotic family and social environment Early and frequent exposure to the behavior

Behavior or substance that causes a sudden but brief rush of pleasurable feelings Chaotic family and social environment Early and frequent exposure to the behavior

The main emotions associated with stress are _______ and ________

Blank 1: anger or angry Blank 2: fear, fearful, or anxiety

Which of the following are side effects associated with using MDMA? (Select all that apply.) Enhanced information processing Blurred vision Nausea Involuntary teeth clenching

Blurred vision Nausea Involuntary teeth clenching

Syphilis can be acquired in which of the following ways? (Select all that apply.) Through shared clothing By an infant from its mother during childbirth Through vaginal sex Through oral sex

By an infant from its mother during childbirth Through vaginal sex Through oral sex

How does being obese contribute to the risk of developing CVD? (Select all that apply.) By contributing to high blood pressure By contributing to high cholesterol levels By contributing to joint pain By leading to type 2 diabetes

By contributing to high blood pressure By contributing to high cholesterol levels By leading to type 2 diabetes

Which of the following is true of carbohydrate intake? The AMDRs suggest carbs should make up less than 5-15 percent of total daily calories. Complex carbohydrates have fewer calories per gram than simple carbohydrates. Carbohydrates tend to be easily consumed in large amounts. Eating carbs does not make you fat but it offers no nutritional benefit.

Carbohydrates tend to be easily consumed in large amounts.

Which of the following statements are true about syphilis chancres? (Select all that apply.) Chancres are full of bacteria. Chancres are a source of great pain. Chancres usually go away within 3-6 weeks, whether or not they are treated. Chancres cannot be transmitted to others.

Chancres are full of bacteria. Chancres usually go away within 3-6 weeks, whether or not they are treated.

True or false: Eating a lot of sugar can be a direct cause of diabetes. True false question. True False

False

True or false: Limiting sexual activity to oral sex is one way to prevent HSV infection. True false question. True False

False

Which of the following statements about HIV testing is true? (Select all that apply.) Federal guidelines recommend all Americans between the ages of 13 and 64 be tested for HIV at least once. It may take 1-2 weeks to receive results from conventional HIV tests. More than half of people with HIV are unaware of their status. An initial positive HIV antibody test is all that is required to determine that a person has HIV infection.

Federal guidelines recommend all Americans between the ages of 13 and 64 be tested for HIV at least once. It may take 1-2 weeks to receive results from conventional HIV tests.

Which type of diabetes is caused by the hormonal changes of pregnancy? Gestational diabetes Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Which of the following apply when creating body composition goals? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. People should monitor progress toward goals by weighing themselves as often as possible. Goals should be realistic, achievable, and consistent with overall health and wellness. The goal should be to achieve zero percent body fat. If you have a risk factor such as diabetes or high blood pressure, it is best to consult a physician before setting goals. It is best to lose fat as slowly as possible.

Goals should be realistic, achievable, and consistent with overall health and wellness. If you have a risk factor such as diabetes or high blood pressure, it is best to consult a physician before setting goals.

Maintaining a healthy body composition can be a challenge because of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. High-calorie foods are readily available in many work and social environments. Technological conveniences can contribute to a sedentary lifestyle. Jobs that demand too much physical exertion lead to exhaustion. People cannot control enough of the factors that cause unhealthy body composition.

High-calorie foods are readily available in many work and social environments. Technological conveniences can contribute to a sedentary lifestyle.

What type of lipoprotein is considered "good" because it transports excess cholesterol to the liver for elimination? Multiple choice question. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Triglyceride

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Which of the following are the effects of smoking on heart health? (Select all that apply.) Lower LDL cholesterol Increased blood pressure Increased heart rate Arrhythmias

Increased blood pressure Increased heart rate Arrhythmias

The effects of environmental tobacco smoke include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Increased risk of cervical cancer High birth weight Blindness in middle-aged men Bronchitis and pneumonia in children

Increased risk of cervical cancer Bronchitis and pneumonia in children

Which of the following are considered to be general symptoms of cancer? (Select all that apply.) Indigestion Quick healing of sores Nagging cough Changes in bowel habits Thickening or lump in the breast

Indigestion Nagging cough Changes in bowel habits Thickening or lump in the breast

Which of the following statements about drug addiction are true? (Select all that apply.) The concept of addiction applies solely to the use of psychoactive drugs. Individuals with a drug addiction will continue to use the drug despite the negative consequences. Drug addiction is a brain disease that is treatable but not truly curable. Drug addiction and drug dependence are interchangeable terms.

Individuals with a drug addiction will continue to use the drug despite the negative consequences. Drug addiction is a brain disease that is treatable but not truly curable.

Which of the following statements about gonorrhea are true? (Select all that apply.) Infected women and men may be asymptomatic. Infected women cannot pass gonorrhea to their babies during childbirth. For women, a significant amount of gonorrhea infections occur in the throat. In women, symptoms of gonorrhea may be mistaken for a bladder infection.

Infected women and men may be asymptomatic. For women, a significant amount of gonorrhea infections occur in the throat. In women, symptoms of gonorrhea may be mistaken for a bladder infection.

Untreated chlamydia can lead to which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Hair loss Recurring genital warts Infertility Pneumonia and eye infections in infants Damage to reproductive organs

Infertility Pneumonia and eye infections in infants Damage to reproductive organs

Which of the following are part of the process of progressive muscle relaxation? Multiple choice question. Breathing in and out while tensing a muscle group Maintaining muscle tension for at least 30 seconds Tensing muscle groups in random order Inhaling while tensing a selected muscle group

Inhaling while tensing a selected muscle group

some of the roles that essential fat plays in the body?

It forms part of the lining of the intestines and lungs. It enables the transmission of messages in the nerve fibers of the brain

Which of the following is true of dietary fiber? (Select all that apply.) It has tremendous health benefits. It turns into a liquid. It is a non digestible carbohydrate. It is rapidly broken down by the digestive system.

It has tremendous health benefits. It is a nondigestible carbohydrate.

Which of the following correctly describes acute stress? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. It is a short-term form of stress. It lasts for long periods of time. It can cause muscle tension, headaches, and heartburn. It usually triggers the fight-or-flight response.

It is a short-term form of stress. It can cause muscle tension, headaches, and heartburn. It usually triggers the fight-or-flight response.

Select all the true statements about Truvada. It should not be used with other ways of preventing HIV transmission. It was originally used to treat HIV infections. It needs to be taken daily to avoid increased risk of HIV transmission. Its ability to prevent HIV is 100 percent.

It was originally used to treat HIV infections. It needs to be taken daily to avoid increased risk of HIV transmission.

Short-term effects of methadone abuse include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Itching Alertness Sexual dysfunction Constipation

Itching Sexual dysfunction Constipation

The category of drugs called benzodiazepines includes which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Klonopin MDMA Xanax Valium

Klonopin Xanax Valium

Which of the following are strategies that colleges have introduced to help freshmen build friendships? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Off-campus clubs Bring-your-child-to-work days Live-in policies Residence hall learning communities

Live-in policies Residence hall learning communities

Which of the following are good strategies for making better food choices? (Select all that apply.) Setting general behavioral goals to change habits you think you have. Making a list of healthy foods that you like and that are available at the local market. Monitoring eating habits, then setting specific goals to change them.

Making a list of healthy foods that you like and that are available at the local market. Monitoring eating habits, then setting specific goals to change them.

Which statements about babies are accurate? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. -Male babies tend to be heavier than female babies at birth. -Because male babies are typically smaller than female babies, they have more fat mass per pound. -Female babies tend to be heavier than male babies at birth. -Male babies and female babies typically have about the same total amount of fat mass.

Male babies tend to be heavier than female babies at birth. Male babies and female babies typically have about the same total amount of fat mass.

Which statements about the symptoms of HPV are true? (Select all that apply.) HPV is usually not transmitted through sexual contact. Warts are usually large. Many people with HPV have no symptoms. Warts may appear anywhere on, in, or around the genital area. Warts may be small bumps or large, warty growths.

Many people with HPV have no symptoms. Warts may appear anywhere on, in, or around the genital area. Warts may be small bumps or large, warty growths.

Which of the following are symptoms of a heart attack? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Nausea Shortness of breath Chest pain Hot flashes

Nausea Shortness of breath Chest pain

Which of the following statements about unsaturated fatty acids are true? Neighboring carbon atoms in the fatty acid form a double bond. They are usually from animal sources. They are usually solid at room temperature. They are usually liquid at room temperature.

Neighboring carbon atoms in the fatty acid form a double bond. They are usually liquid at room temperature.

What level of daily alcohol consumption may lower the risk of CVD in adults? Multiple choice question. Two drinks for women, three drinks for men. No more than one drink for women, two drinks for men. Only red wine for women and men. Three drinks for women, four drinks for men.

No more than one drink for women, two drinks for men.

What are the symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Normal rate of breathing No pulse No blood pressure Sudden loss of responsiveness

No pulse No blood pressure Sudden loss of responsiveness

What are some of the reasons that it is recommended not to skip breakfast? People who skip breakfast are likely to lose their appetite. People who skip breakfast are likely to have difficulty concentrating. People who skip breakfast are likely to make poor nutritional choices. People who skip breakfast are likely to get very hungry later in the day.

People who skip breakfast are likely to make poor nutritional choices. People who skip breakfast are likely to get very hungry later in the day. People who skip breakfast are likely to have difficulty concentrating.

Which of the following lists the steps of the transactional model of stress in order? Primary appraisal, coping, secondary appraisal, and reappraisal. Primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, coping, and reappraisal. Primary appraisal, reappraisal, coping, and secondary appraisal. Coping, primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, and reappraisal.

Primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, coping, and reappraisal.

Which of the following statements about benzodiazepines are true? (Select all that apply.) They are available on the street. They are minor tranquilizers and do not pose a significant risk to users. They increase GABA in the brain. Long-term use can cause brain damage. They are available by prescription.

They are available on the street. They increase GABA in the brain. Long-term use can cause brain damage. They are available by prescription.

Which of the following statements are true about most over-the-counter weight-loss products? (Select all that apply.) They are not regulated in the same way as over-the-counter drugs. They tend to decrease a person's metabolism. They are rarely contaminated with compounds. They are not necessarily safe even when labeled as "natural."

They are not regulated in the same way as over-the-counter drugs. They are not necessarily safe even when labeled as "natural."

Which of the following are true of carbohydrates? (Select all that apply.) They are typically the source of the most calories in the diet. They are a class of macronutrients. They can be found in abundance in red meat and poultry. They typically provide the smallest proportion of calories in the diet.

They are typically the source of the most calories in the diet. They are a class of macronutrients.

What important role do antioxidants play? They work with carbohydrates to provide energy. They facilitate the production of stable molecules known as free radicals. They work with molecules known as free radicals to prevent strokes and heart disease. They protect the body from unstable molecules known as free radicals.

They protect the body from unstable molecules known as free radicals.

Which type of diabetes is caused by the immune system attacking the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas? Multiple choice question. Type 1 diabetes Gestational diabetes Type 2 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes

Which of the following are ways to protect yourself from the transmission of HIV? (Select all that apply.) Engage only in vaginal intercourse. Use condoms correctly and consistently. Abstain from using illicit drugs. Abstain from sex.

Use condoms correctly and consistently. Abstain from using illicit drugs. Abstain from sex.

E-cigarettes and vapes _blank​_ Multiple choice question. rely upon "e-juice." are both ways to still "smoke" without ingesting nicotine. are functionally the same. are very different devices with different purposes.

are functionally the same

Coronary artery disease occurs when blood flow in the _blank​_ Multiple choice question. arteries that feed the heart are accelerated. arteries that feed the heart are inhibited. veins that feed extremities are accelerated. veins that feed extremities are inhibited.

arteries that feed the heart are inhibited.

Which of the following can result from the Female and Male Athlete Triad? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. decreased bone density high energy availability thinning hair and oily skin reproductive issues

decreased bone density reproductive issues

The lack of affordable access to sufficient quality and quantity of healthy food is known as _blank​_. food insecurity the traffic light system anaphylactic shock veganism

food insecurity

Which of the following can be sources of daily water intake? fruits vegetables liquids red meats

fruits vegetables liquids

HSV 2 is the primary cause of _blank​_ genital herpes. chlamydia. syphilis. infertility.

genital herpes.

Diabetes is characterized by inadequate production or use of insulin, leading to elevated blood _blank​_ levels. Multiple choice question. glucose salt protein water

glucose

To maintain a healthful diet, it is best to _blank​_. go to chain restaurants only with friends make regular visits to only one chain restaurant go to chain restaurants only occasionally go only to chain restaurants when extremely hungry

go to chain restaurants only occasionally

Which of the following is the recommended treatment for acute hepatitis B? Multiple choice question. Immune-system modulators Antiviral-drug therapy Antibiotics Good self-care

good self care

Which of the following are good choices for healthy snacks? (Select all that apply.) hard-boiled eggs nuts unfrosted toaster pastry potato chips with creamy dip cup of vegetable soup

hard-boiled eggs nuts cup of vegetable soup

The cellular damage caused by free radicals may contribute to the development of which of the following? heart attacks stroke cancer sinus infections

heart attacks stroke cancer

Heavy drinking raises an individual's triglyceride level, which increases the risk of _blank​_ Multiple choice question. nervous exhaustion. dementia. cancer. heart disease.

heart disease

Vegetarians tend to have lower rates of which of the following ailments? (Select all that apply.) migraine headaches heart disease type 2 diabetes hypertension influenza

heart disease type 2 diabetes hypertension

Which of the following should be considered when determining your recommended daily intake of water? daily vitamin K intake whether it is a weekday or a weekend heat exposure daily physical activity

heat exposure daily physical activity

HIV is a chronic infection that slowly destroys the body's _blank​_ system. Multiple choice question. endocrine immune digestive respiratory

immune

What are some short-term outcomes related to consuming too much of some nutrients and foods and not enough of others? (Select all that apply.) obesity high blood pressure impaired body processes reduced energy levels

impaired body processes reduced energy levels

Your waist measurement should be _blank​_. Multiple choice question. a little more than half your height nearly the same as your weight no larger than half your height about the same as your arm span

no larger than half your height

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) provide recommended intake levels of _______​_

nutrients

The term _____________ refers to dietary substances you must obtain from foods because your body can't produce them on its own.

nutrients

Healthy snack choices for people seeking to gain weight include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) nuts and seeds dried fruit whole-grain crackers with peanut butter processed foods with MSG

nuts and seeds dried fruit whole-grain crackers with peanut butter

For a woman, a BMI of 38.5 with a waist circumference of 32 inches is classified as _blank​_. Multiple choice question. normal weight obese with very high disease risk obese with extremely high disease risk overweight

obese with very high disease risk

Dietary fiber has been shown to protect against which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply.) obesity type 2 diabetes cardiovascular disease migraine headaches

obesity type 2 diabetes cardiovascular disease

Vitamins are _____​_, which means that unlike minerals, vitamins contain __________​ fat soluble; fluoride organic; carbon a direct source of energy; carbon organic; protein

organic; carbon

Calcium deficiency can lead to _blank​_. sinus infections osteoporosis tuberculosis cancer

osteoporosis

A way to help ensure an optimal performance in a high-stress situation is to _blank​_ the task so that it becomes second nature. Multiple choice question. sublearn overlearn unlearn relearn

overlearn

Which weight status classification does an individual with a BMI of 26.02 belong to? Multiple choice question. normal underweight overweight obesity (class I)

overweight

The collection of emotional, intellectual, and social qualities or traits that characterize an individual are called

personallity

With atherosclerosis, the substance that accumulates on the lining of the arteries is called _blank​_ Multiple choice question. cholesterol. decay. plaque. tartar.

plaque

The functions of minerals include the _blank​_ destruction of white blood cells preservation of healthy cells regulation of growth and development liberation of energy

preservation of healthy cells regulation of growth and development liberation of energy

Handling stress by trying to do something practical to resolve the cause of the stress is called _blank​_ coping. Multiple choice question. emotion-focused attributive cognitive problem-focused

problem-focused

The stage at which signs and symptoms of acute infection first appear is called _blank​_ prodrome. convalescence. incubation. illness.

prodrome

For an alcoholic beverage, two times the percentage of alcohol by volume that the beverage contains is the alcohol content Blank 1 Blank 1 content , Incorrect Unavailable of the beverage.

proof

Which of the following are ways to make prepared foods more healthy? (Select all that apply.) increasing flavor by adding spices with salt using half the recommended amount of added fats supplementing them with added sodium using half the seasoning or dressing packet supplementing them with fresh vegetables

using half the recommended amount of added fats using half the seasoning or dressing packet supplementing them with fresh vegetables

Storage fat (adipose tissue)

visceral fat subcutaneous fat

One way to ensure that the body absorbs iron from plants is to increase the intake of _blank​_. vitamin B12 vitamin D vitamin C vitamin A

vitamin C

The six classes of essential nutrients include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and which of the following? (Select all that apply.) legumes vitamins minerals water vegetables

vitamins minerals water

Which of the following are not good choices for healthy snacks? (Select all that apply.) sunflower seeds waffles fruit punch devil's-food cupcake with buttercream

waffles fruit punch devil's-food cupcake with buttercream