Exam 2 Chapter 4,5,6

Amanda consumes approximately 2500kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than _____________kcal/day.

250

Reggie consumes approximately 3000 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, he should limit his saturated fat intake to fewer than ___________kcal/day.

300

Bill would like to follow recommendations that would reduce his risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Based on this information, Bill should

Become more physically active

Which of the following nutrients is made by gut microbiota?

Biotin

Joshua has type 2 diabetes, and he does not control his blood glucose levels. As a result of his lack of control, which of the following conditions is he most likely to develop?

Blindness

Dorothy is an 85 year old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has (an)____________.

Condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning

___________acid is omega-3 fatty acid.

Eicosapentaenoic

Which of the following substances is (are) are secreted by the human stomach?

Gastric juice

Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of the most stomach ulcers?

H. pylori

Bernetta has an autoimmune disease that affects salivary glands. As a result of this condition, Bernetta________________.

Has trouble swallowing

Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease because he has

High blood levels of HDL cholesterol

Layla has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because of her family history and

Hugh blood levels of LDL cholesterol

For several years, Corey has suffered from intermittent abdominal pain along with bouts of diarrhea and Constipation. According to Corey, his ''bad guts'' worsen whenever he is ''stressed out'' or eat certain foods, especially raw fruit and baked beans. His doctor has determined that his intestinal tract is not inflamed. Based on this information, Corey probably has ________________.

Irritable bowel syndrome

Betty has type 2 diabetes, and she has difficulty keeping her fasting blood glucose level under 180 mg/dl. Based on this information, Betty has a high risk of

Kidney failure

which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

LDL

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and

Learning ways to manage stress effectively

Mark has type 2 diabetes. For the past two weeks, his fasting blood glucose level has been below 130 mg/dl. Today, Mark's physician tested his blood. Although the fasting value was 125 mg/dl, she reported that he needs to do a better job of controlling his blood glucose level. Why would the physician make such a recommendation to Mark?

Mark's HbA1c is 8.5.

Which of the following statement is true?

Most enzymes have names that end with -ase

sari would like to compare amounts of polyunsaturated fat in two brands of canned tuna. She should read the _________ on each product's label.

Nutrition Facts panel

Which of the following statements is false?

Peristalsis occurs when villi absorb fat

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. Based on this information, the compound is a

Polyunsaturated

May has type 1 diabetes. To reduce her son's risk of this disease, Amy should

Prepare low-fat, high-fiber foods for him to eat

Lydia thinks she is 6-weeks pregnant. While she was at a party, she _____, because she did not want to endanger the embryo that was developing inside her body.

Refused all alcoholic beverages

Salivary gland secrete amylase, an enzyme that enables a minor amount of____________ to be digested in the mouth.

Starch

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her coffee with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

Sucralose

Which of the following statements is true?

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine

Manny's blood alcohol concentration is 0.36. Based on this information, Manny is

Unconscious

the body uses cholesterol to make vitamin

Vitamin D

Eddie drinks 6 beers a week. At this level of alcohol consumption, he is

a moderate drinker

A liquid has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water buy lower than the pH of household ammonia. Based on this information, the liquid is a

baking soda solution

The back (rare) portion of your tongue is very sensitive to foods that taste ___________.

bitter

A substance has pH that is higher than the pH of tomatoes and lower than the pH of blood. Based on this information, the substance is

black coffee

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?

brown rice

Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving?

by comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels

which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

corn oil

which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated salty acids

cottonseed oil

An ___________ is an ion can conduct electricity.

electrolyte

____________ is a source of sucrose

fat-free milk

a scientist has discovered a new molecular compound that is long chain is 26carbins bonds together, with methyl group on one end and an acid group on the other end of the molecule. The compound does not contain any nitrogen or sulfur atoms. Based on this information, the compound is a(an) ___________

fatty acid

which of the following foods is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids?

flaxseeds

Erika has type 1diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help her mange her blood glucose level. One afternoon, Erika tested her blood and discovered that her blood glucose level was 260mg/dl. Based on this information, Erika should _________________.

gives herself a specific dose of insulin

in the human intestinal tract, potato starch is broken down into___________ molecules that can be absorbed.

glucose

the starch in oatmeal and wheat is composed of __________ molecules.

glucose

Which of the following statements is true?

in the united states type 2 diabetes is more common than type 1 diabetes

A primary function of the digestive system is the

is the breakdown of food into nutrients

Which of the following organs helps maintain the body's acid-base balance by removing excess hydrogen ions?

kidney's

_______________ acid is an omega-3 fatty acid

linoleic

which of the following organs relies on enterohepatic circulation to recycle bile salts?

liver

Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to ________________ while he has this illness.

lose weight rapidly

Which of the following foods has a high glycemic index but liw glycemic load?

medium grain, boiled white rice

In the body, fat ___________.

provides insulation against cold temperatures

Glucagon

raises blood glucose levels

Franklin wants to limit his added sugar intake. He should ______________.

replace energy drinks with unsweetened tea

To make hot tea, Sonya adds boiling water to a cup that has a teabag in it. She waits about 5 minutes for the tea to steep, then removes the tea bag. Before drinking the tea, she adds a teaspoon of sugar to the hot beverage. When added to the tea, the sugar is a

solute

which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

starch

Five year old Tailia develops abdominal cramps and diarrhea a few hours after she eats sugary foods. Based on this information, Tailia probably has ________________.

sucrase deficiency

Ian sweetens his hot oatmeal with a teaspoon of brown sugar. The chemical name for this type of sugar is

sucrose

Which of the following physiological changes a result of anabolic chemical reactions?

the liver's conversion of a large carbohydrate molecule into its component parts

which of the following characteristics increases a person's risk of type 2 diabetes?

weighing more than average

Leah's parents are afraid the five-year-old will develop tooth decay if she chews gum that is sweetened with sugar. Based on this information, Leah's parents should buy chewing gum that is sweetened with

xylitol