exam 2 nutrition

Which of the following is NOT classified as a complex carbohydrate

Maltose

how many kcal of one pound fat

3500 kcal

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

Avocado

What results from obesity

Hypertension and stroke

Which of the following statements about kwashiorkor is true?

all of the above

Layla has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because of her family history and ________.

high blood levels of LDL cholesterol

When a person's blood glucose level drops too low to provide enough energy for cells they have a condition called ________.

hypoglycemia

body mass index inaccurate

in hight muscular people

Losing as little of 5% of body fat can

increase HDL levels, reduce hight blood, and improve glucose

Duncan's diet contains high amounts of protein and fat, but it is very low in carbohydrates. As a result of following this diet, Duncan's body forms more ________ than normal.

ketone bodies

Undernutrition

lack of food

protein malnutrition PEM

lack sufficient protein and calories and sign of a edema

diet suggestions

limit portion sizes

negative nitrogen balance

losses more nitrogen the retaining

weight loss

negative energy balance

weight gain

positive energy balance

In order to gain muscle tissue, an underweight person should engage in resistance-training AND increase his/her caloric intake.

true

Plants make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.

true

viceral fat

under abdominal muscles and over digestive organs for protection

a carbon skeleton or protein when nitrogen is removed

used to make glucose energy and fatty acids

nitrogen equilibrium

when balancing the amount of nitrogen coming im and out/healthy adult meets protein and energy needs

physical activity is most effective?

when paired with balanced diet and helps maintain a healthy weight and no further weight gain

waist circumference

women: 35 men: 40 associated with central adiposity increased health risk, and CVD risk

If a diet does not provide adequate carbohydrate to meet immediate energy needs, the body compensates by altering its metabolism of other nutrients. Insufficient dietary carbohydrate can lead to elevated levels of ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are the by-products of partial breakdown of ________.

fat

appetite

the psychological desire for food

Fad diets

trendy, quick and easy, restrictive, questionable, weight is usually gained back, and not recommended by health professionals

An individual's BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) DECREASES during periods of fasting or starvation -- meaning that the body uses energy (kcals) at a slower rate.

true

Excessive upper-body weight is associated with an increased risk of sleep apnea. And yet, there are many individuals who are considered overweight who don't have sleep apnea and many individuals with sleep apnea who don't have an elevated BMI.

true

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

LDL

subcutaneous

fat accumulation of adipose cells in the tissue under skin which helps this layer inuslate and protect

Deamination

is the removal of the nitrogen-containing group from an amino acid.

positive nitrogen balance

keeping more nitrogen then losing/growth

Leptin

reduces hunger and inhabits fat storage

Noram Weight obesity (NWO)

refers to normal body weight measured in BMI but increased by percent of body fat

Inches -> M

(62") x (2.54 cm/in) = 157 cm/100 = 1.57 m

high protein diets may lead too

- urinary loss, osteoporosis, dehydration, poor kidney health, and higher uun

protein ADMR

10-35%

LB -> KG

115 LBS)/(2.2) = 52.7 kg

Assume that someone with a starting weight of 220 pounds is trying to LOSE weight at a healthy rate (10% of their initial weight in a 6-month period). Most people rarely lose a consistent amount of weight each week over an extended period of time -- even when they're engaging in healthy behaviors. However, for the sake of this question, assume that after 3 months, this person (who started at 220 pounds) is "right on track" to lose 10% of their initial weight in a 6-month period. In theory, what would you expect their weight to be 3 months in?

209 pounds

FT -> Inch

5' 2" = (5 x 12) + (2) = 62 in

normal BMR

60-75% of individuals total energy use

If an average adult's RDA for protein is 65 grams, they would weigh approximately _____.

81 Kilograms (178 Pounds)

____is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual function.

Denaturation

Which of the following statements is true?

Excessive thirst and frequent urination are signs of diabetes.

Which of the following is NOT classified as a complex carbohydrate?

Fiber

An impoverished child living in a developing country is at risk of suffering from protein-energy malnutrition. If this child consumes insufficient dietary protein, what is the physiological consequence?

Insufficient protein intake inhibits the body's ability to make immune antibodies, some hormones, and enzymes.

Which of the following is NOT true about an Intuitive Eating approach?

It promotes specific diets and food plans

Which of the following is a condition caused by protein-energy malnutrition and characterized by stunted growth, sparse and brittle hair, patches of skin discoloration, edema and swelling, a distended abdomen, infections, and poor wound healing?

Kwashiorkor

Suppose you go to your doctor and get the following values on a blood lipid profile. What can you conclude? LDL Cholesterol = 140 mg/dl Blood Glucose = 90 mg/dl Total Cholesterol = 210 mg/dl HDL Cholesterol = 34 mg/dl

LDL Cholesterol is high, Blood Glucose is good, Total Cholesterol is high, HDL Cholesterol is low

Following absorption, galactose and fructose are converted to glucose in the

Liver

Which of the following functions as an emulsifier in the body and is required for cell membrane structure?

Phospholipids

________ contribute to the flexibility, structure, and proper functioning of cell membranes.

Phospholipids

Which of the following foods is NOT a significant source of carbohydrate?

Salmon (Fish)

Eating a diet high in trans fatty acids has been shown to increase circulating levels of LDL. Why do food manufacturers use trans fatty acids like partially hydrogenated vegetable oils in packaged and processed foods?

Trans fatty acids increase a food's shelf life.

Which of the following statements is/are aligned with principles taught in this class (NDFS 1020)?

ab&c

National Weight Control Registry Behaviors

eat breakfast everyday

Which of the following is NOT a complete protein source?

apples

If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be

converted into fat and stored.

how to loss weight

dont skip meals

Kwashiorkor

enough energy put not enough high quality protein

Bio electrical impedance

error 3-4%

What does BMI not take into account?

excess mass, fat and muscle

Satiety

fullness after meal

Statiation

fullness during meal

Factors that influence body weight

geentics, behavior, metabolism, energy, enviroemnt, culture, socio

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as

glycogen.

Factors that influence BMR

starvation for low cal diets, aging, excersize

Major functions of lipids include all of the following EXCEPT ________.

stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals

Gherlin

stimulates hinger and promotes fat storage

Kwashiorkor symptoms

stunted growth, brittle hair, coloration skin, swollen cheeks arms leg and belly