Exam 2 - Principles of Management

What is the process of systematically retaining power and authority in the hands of higher-level management?

centralization

Substantive modification to some part of an organization is known as organization

change

S&L Computer services has separate divisions to focus on the needs of individual consumers, small businesses, and large businesses. This is an example of which type of departmentalization?

customer

What is the process of grouping jobs according to some logical arrangement?

departmentalization

Serena is good supervisor and was recently sent to a two-week educational course by her employer to help her get the skills she needs for promotion to a higher management post. The human resource management concept illustrated in the scenario is _____.

development

One of the disadvantages of job specialization is that it _____.

does not offer challenges or stimulation to workers

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure of performance?

dollar volume of sales

Inflation, the cost of living, and money supplies are all external forces for change in the _____ dimension.

economic

Job _____ was developed as a limited approach specifically intended to increase the total number of tasks workers perform. As a result, all workers perform a wide variety of tasks, which presumably reduces the level of job dissatisfaction.

enlargement

A company has set an objective to increase its product sales by 20 percent in the next two years. According to the comprehensive approach to change, which step of the change process is this company in?

establishment of goals for the change

Alpha Motors Inc. was affected by the recession in 2008. The company had to make extensive changes to its organizational structure and design. This scenario illustrates how _____ forces lead management to make changes.

external

When Amy is in a room full of strangers she becomes energized to interact with them. Which of the following personality traits does Amy portray?

extraverision

Consequences of organizational stress include _____.

feelings of exhaustion

At Gamma Inc., there are separate departments of employees who specialize in sales, service maintenance, customer service, and accounting. Which form of departmentalization does Gamma use?

functional departmentalization

Tall organizations __________

have more managers than flat organizations

Chandra has been a bank manager at the same bank for 35 years. She is vital to the bank and has a high level of autonomy and variety in her work. When she speaks about the bank, she often says things like "we offer a variety of account options to our customers." Chandra is exhibiting _____.

high organizational commitment

According to the job characteristics approach, increasing the presence of the five dimensions it identifies will lead to all of the following EXCEPT _____.

higher turnover

Which of the following reflects an organization's investment in attracting, retaining, and motivating an effective workforce?

human capital

The set of activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective workforce is called _____.

human resource management

A company has built a new manufacturing plant to increase production. This scenario illustrates which step in the Lewin model of organization change?

implementation

What are the psychological, emotional, and physical attributes that vary from person to person called?

individual differences

In return for what the employee gives, the organization provides _____ to the individual employee.

inducements

What is the systematized procedure for collecting and recording information about jobs within an organization?

job analysis

The _____ lists the duties of a job, the job's working conditions, and the tools, materials, and equipment used to perform it.

job description

Where would you find information about the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other credentials a person needs to do a particular job?

job specification

Which of the following refers to the extent to which people believe that their behavior has a real effect on what happens to them?

locus of control

Doreen often takes up more tasks than she can handle, and becomes disorganized and careless. In this scenario, Doreen portrays _____.

low levels of conscientiousness

One of the benefits of job specialization is that it _____.

makes employees proficient at a task

Sushil knows it is important to manage her stress, and she has started to incorporate time management skills into her daily routine. Which of the following will help Sushil with her time management goals?

making a list of things to accomplish each day

The term span of management refers to the _____.

number of people reporting to a particular manager

Kiara is a newly hired police officer. She has been asked to spend a shift with a more experienced officer to learn about paperwork, how to handle accident scenes, how to interact with people, and other duties that she will be expected to perform. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

on-the-job training

What is the set of processes by which an individual becomes aware of and interprets information about his or her environment?

perception

The temperature at Nettix Inc. is too cold for Royce to concentrate on his work. This is an example of work-related stressors categorized as _____ demands.

physical

Modifying the benefits system on a yearly basis to maintain employee satisfaction is most likely to be a _____ change.

planned

Which type of change is associated with lower risk?

planned

Which of the following forces for change is present in the task environment of an organization?

prices at which suppliers sell raw materials

Annika is excited about her new job. She thinks it will be exciting, fulfilling, rewarding, and allow her the standard of living she is looking for. She also understands what the organization expects her to contribute. She has made a(n) _____ with her new employer.

psychological contract

Degan Systems was caught by surprise when new government regulations forced them to stop one of their assembly lines until certain systems were upgraded. As Degan updates the line, they must also find a way to retain both customers and employees during the transition. Degan is experiencing _____ change.

reactive

What is a piecemeal response to circumstances as they develop?

reactive change

Nelson recently attended an interview where the HR manager showed him a video of an ordinary work day in the organization and explained in detail the expectations of the job. The HR manager also explained about the criteria for promotions in the company. Although some of the information did not appeal to Nelson, he was sure about what to expect from the job and the company. The organization used the _____ method in the interview.

realistic job preview

According to the Lewin model of organization change process, refreezing involves _____.

reinforcing the change so that it becomes a part of the system

A(n) _____ lists each important managerial position in an organization, who occupies it, how long he or she will probably remain in the position, and who is or will be a qualified fill-in.

replacement chart

Manoj is considered by many to be a catalyst for innovation in his organization. He is always willing to try new ideas and gamble on new products. Which aspect of personality describes Manoj's feeling about taking chances?

risk propensity

Beta LLC has decided to change its promotion and pay policies for technical people who do not wish to become managers. This will allow it to better attract and retain these types of employees. According to the comprehensive approach to change, which step of the change process is this company in?

selection of appropriate change technique

The process of screening out information we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs is called _____.

selective perception

ProDairy Inc. reduced the prices of its products to combat competitors that were selling dairy products at lower prices. This scenario illustrates a force for change present in the _____ of an organization.

task environment

Which dimension of the job characteristics approach deals with the perceived importance of the task?

task significance

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act forbids discrimination against workers above what age?

40

According to the job characteristics approach, task identity is _____.

the extent to which a worker does a complete portion of the total job

Venus LLC has recently hired a new group of employees, and the HR manager intends to share company rules and procedures with the employees. Which of the following training methods is most preferable in this scenario?

the lecture method

Which of the following concepts suggests that there must be a clear and unbroken line of authority that extends from the lowest to the highest position in the organization?

the scalar principle

Polani was hired specifically because of her unique skills and track record of success. Based on the psychological contract, what are the expectations of the employer?

the use those skills on the new job

Who is responsible for the enforcement of Title VII?

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

A person's ability to get along with others in an organization is known as _____.

agreeableness

If some people have a better chance than others to achieve higher output, objective measures of performance are skewed by _____.

an opportunity bias

Managers can overcome resistance to change by _____.

announcing the change far in advance

Which dimension of the job characteristics approach deals with the degree of control the worker has over how the work is performed?

autonomy

Aisha is preparing a job description so that she can hire additional staff. What type of information should Aisha include in it?

tools, materials, and equipment needed to perform the job

Which stage of the Lewin model of organization change involves managers letting people who will be affected by an impending change know the reasons for the change?

unfreezing

Which of the following suggests that each person within an organization must have a clear reporting relationship to one and only one boss?

unity of command