EXAM 2 REVIEW
________ is the process of assigning managerial authority and responsibility to lower-level managers and employees. 15) ______ A) Planning B) Control C) Authority D) A power trip E) Delegation
Delegation
________ means that anyone can be dismissed at any time for any reason at all, or for no reason. 31) ______ A) Nonrational dismissal B) Fair termination C) Quid pro quo D) Capricious dismissal E) Employment at will
Employment at will
Most workers rate monetary benefits higher than a caring boss.
FALSE
Which piece of legislation first established the U.S. federal minimum wage? 14) ______ A) Occupational Safety and Health Act B) Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 C) Civil Rights Act D) Social Security Act E) Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
Which of the following helps guarantee nonhazardous working conditions for employees? 12) ______ A) Fair Labor Standards Act B) Civil Rights Act C) National Labor Relations Board D) Occupational Safety and Health Act E) Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Occupational Safety and Health Act
________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations. 13) ______ A) Attitudes B) Cultures C) Perceptions D) Ethics E) Values
Values
Which type of workplace discrimination occurs when an organization uses an employment practice that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class? 16) ______ A) reverse discrimination B) adverse impact C) disparate treatment D) harassment E) unequal application
adverse impact
Being dismissed "for cause" means that 30) ______ A) an employee is being laid off. B) the company is downsizing, and the jobs are permanently eliminated. C) an employee has an opportunity to get the position back in the future. D) an employee quit the job. E) an employee is being fired for poor job performance or unacceptable behaviors.
an employee is being fired for poor job performance or unacceptable behaviors.
A specialist at FedEx who rides with couriers to learn about delivery time measurements and potential service problems is conducting a job 8) _______ A) posting. B) analysis. C) rotation. D) specification. E) description.
analysis.
Employees and customers are treated like a family at State Street Coffee House. Jason and Jill, the owners, work to encourage unity to increase their employees' job satisfaction and commitment. At their coffee house, Jason and Jill have built a(n) 5) _______ A) market culture. B) clan culture. C) goal-driven agenda. D) adhocracy culture. E) bureaucracy culture.
clan culture.
The ________ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation. 15) ______ A) decisional B) cognitive C) behavioral D) perceptual E) affective
cognitive
Organizations using a matrix structure 20) ______ A) establish a hierarchy in which employees report to only one supervisor. B) contain multiple overlapping command structures, in which all employees report to three or more managers. C) contain two command structures, in which some people report to two bosses. D) utilize teams or workgroups with few lines of authority. E) centralize authority into a single person.
contain two command structures, in which some people report to two bosses.
With ________, important decisions are made by middle-level and supervisory-level managers. 16) ______ A) focused power B) centralized authority C) higher-management influence D) decentralized authority E) upper authority
decentralized authority
Bradley was recently promoted to the production manager of a busy shoe factory. He was chosen because prior to his promotion he had proven himself to be very efficient, and as a department manager he had a logical and practical approach to solving problems. Bradley has a reputation for being decisive and getting things done. Most of the factory's employees like Bradley, but they feel he exercises too much control over them. Bradley has a(n) ________ style. 17) ______ A) ambiguous B) analytical C) directive D) behavioral E) conceptual
directive
Odell is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions? 6) _______ A) extroversion B) emotional stability C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience E) self-monitoring
emotional stability
During Lewin's refreezing stage, managers should 14) ______ A) provide benchmarking results. B) give employees the tools for change. C) encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees. D) make employees dissatisfied with the present way of doing things. E) reduce the barriers to change.
encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees.
When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should 18) ______ A) help workers understand and accept the goals. B) set targets that are beyond employees' reach. C) set goals that are easily achievable. D) set general goals that are emotionally appealing. E) hold employees responsible for getting feedback.
help workers understand and accept the goals.
According to Festinger, how people deal with cognitive dissonance depends on three factors. Which are the correct three factors? 17) ______ A) situation, self-awareness, and control B) importance, control, and rewards C) decision making, situation, and bias D) control, bias, and personality E) personality, decision making, and judgment
importance, control, and rewards
Which of the following is NOT a supertrend shaping the future of business? 3) _______ A) traditional companies struggling with radically innovative change B) more niche products C) offshore suppliers affecting U.S. business D) information becoming a competitive advantage E) faster speed-to-market
information becoming a competitive advantage
A ________ summarizes what the holder of the job does and how and why he or she does it. For example, this document might state, "In this job, the worker delivers pizzas within a 10-mile radius of the pizzeria, quickly and promptly, while obeying all traffic laws and driving responsibly." 9) _______ A) job description B) job specification C) performance appraisal D) realistic job preview E) job analysis
job description
Employees are likely to see an adaptive change as 11) ______ A) least threatening. B) significantly complex, costly, and uncertain. C) totally unacceptable. D) moderately threatening. E) highly threatening
least threatening.
Which of the following is an inside force for change? 6) _______ A) domestic competition B) low productivity and turnover C) immigration D) recession E) advancements in automation
low productivity and turnover
Organizational design is concerned with an organization developing 17) ______ A) important decisions that are suggested by employees. B) the most favorable methods of accomplishing both the diversity and synergy plans. C) the best structures of costs and efficiency that an organization uses to meet goals. D) new MBO goals. E) optimal structures of accountability and responsibility to execute its strategies.
optimal structures of accountability and responsibility to execute its strategies.
According to the competing values framework, the four types of ________ are clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy. 3) _______ A) industry cultural standards B) organizational cultures C) organizational values D) value statements E) organizational norms
organizational cultures
According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for 11) ______ A) power. B) achievement. C) relatedness. D) self-actualization. E) affiliation.
power.
A technological innovation that improves the performance and speed of a computer's operating system would be considered a(n) ________ innovation. 16) ______ A) product B) process C) transformational D) adaptive E) personnel
product
Which of the following is NOT a type of compensation? 29) ______ A) incentives B) benefits C) promotions D) salaries E) wages
promotions
Which of the following is NOT part of a simple model of motivation? 5) _______ A) behaviors B) punishment C) unfulfilled need D) rewards E) feedback
punishment
A(n) ________ change involves introducing a practice that is new to the industry, such as using drones (rather than delivery trucks) to deliver products to customers. 12) ______ A) innovative B) radically innovative C) revolutionary D) adaptive E) reactive
radically innovative
Timothy was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Jade, a Japanese American woman, because he thinks Asians are better at math. Timothy is exhibiting which distortion in perception? 20) ______ A) stereotyping B) recency effect C) Pygmalion effect D) racism E) self-serving bias
stereotyping
Of the following, which is NOT a core job characteristic? 21) ______ A) task identity B) autonomy C) skill variety D) teamwork E) task significance
teamwork
Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality dimensions? 4) _______ A) agreeableness B) tolerance for ambiguity C) conscientiousness D) emotional stability E) extroversion
tolerance for ambiguity
A(n) ________ is susceptible to legal attack because some questions may infringe on non-job-related matters such as privacy, diversity, or disability. 22) ______ A) unstructured interview B) performance interview C) behavioral-description interview D) realistic job preview E) situational interview
unstructured interview
________ represent(s) all the ways people are unlike and alike. 24) ______ A) Conditions B) Dimensions C) Background D) Diversity E) Lifestyle
Diversity
________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves. 9) _______ A) Self-esteem B) Locus of control C) Self-efficacy D) Emotional stability E) Self-awareness
Self-esteem
Decision making is the process of identifying and choosing alternative courses of action.
TRUE
________ is(are) another way of describing a vertical hierarchy. 10) ______ A) A network structure B) Corporate steps C) An upward graph D) An X-Y chart E) A chain of command
A chain of command
Which of the following statements about sexual harassment is true? 17) ______ A) A person who feels he or she must acquiesce to a sexual proposition to keep his or her job is facing quid pro quo harassment. B) The organization cannot be sued for sexual harassment as long as its managers did not know about the situation. C) Uninvited hugging or patting someone is not considered sexual harassment. D) A hostile work environment is characterized by a tangible economic harm. E) Sexual harassment is defined as occurring between members of the opposite sex.
A person who feels he or she must acquiesce to a sexual proposition to keep his or her job is facing quid pro quo harassment.
A person's ________ reflects the combination of how he or she perceives and responds to information. 13) ______ A) decision-making style B) time orientation C) Big Data perception D) location on the introvert/extrovert scale E) ambiguity index
A) decision-making style
Daniel loves sales because he responds well to the pressure he faces in the many new or uncertain situations he encounters as a salesperson. Like most successful salespeople, he is high in his tolerance for ambiguity, yet he struggles with making decisions quickly. Daniel likely has a(n) ________ decision-making style. 14) ______ A) directive B) analytical C) ambiguous D) behavioral E) conceptual
B) analytical
Wendy, the CEO of an oil drilling company, and her top management team recently discovered that their facilities are damaging a beach in Asia and the local wildlife. They understand that they need to decide if temporarily closing or not closing the facility is unethical. To help them make their decision, they consider the following four questions: "Is not temporarily closing the facility legal? If yes, does this proposed action maximize shareholder value? If yes, is not temporarily closing the facility ethical? If no, would it be ethical to take the proposed action?" Wendy and her top managers are using ________ to help them make their decision. 18) ______ A) the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 B) the stakeholder's value statement C) Frank Gilbreth's code of ethical conduct D) Bagley's ethical decision tree E) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Bagley's ethical decision tree
________ is the idea that proposes that the ability of decision makers to be rational is limited by numerous constraints, such as complexity, time, cognitive capacity, values, skills, habits, and unconscious reflexes. 8) _______ A) Rational decision making B) Bounded rationality C) MBO D) Analytics E) Nonrational decision making
Bounded rationality
________ occurs when people are hired or promoted, or denied hiring or promotion, for reasons not relevant to the job. 15) ______ A) Affirmative action B) A hostile working environment C) Discrimination D) Quid pro quo E) Bullying
Discrimination
________ theory is a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationships. 14) ______ A) Equity B) Expectancy C) Esteem D) Hygiene E) Goal-setting
Equity
Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all EXCEPT which one of the following theories? 7) _______ A) Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory B) Herzberg's two-factor theory C) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory D) Equity theory E) McClelland's acquired needs theory
Equity theory
Reactive change involves making carefully thought-out changes in anticipation of possible or expected problems or opportunities.
FALSE
The most effective sources of new employee sources are job postings on websites
FALSE
To motivate employees, employers need to primarily focus on fulfilling the top level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization
FALSE
________ includes the activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce. 5) _______ A) Performance appraisal B) Human resource management C) Personnel development D) Job analysis E) Contingency planning
Human resource management
________ entails job posting, which means placing information about job vacancies and qualifications in places where employees can see them such as on bulletin boards or the company's intranet. 20) ______ A) Position advertising B) Job analysis C) Realistic job previewing D) External recruiting E) Internal recruiting
Internal recruiting
5) In the third step of rational decision making (evaluating alternatives and selecting a solution), a manager needs to evaluate each alternative not only according to cost and quality but also according to which of the following questions? 5) _______ A) Is it ethical and will it hurt diversity? B) Is it efficient, and how will it affect our marketing strategy? C) Is it feasible and profitable? D) Is it feasible, effective, and efficient? E) Is it ethical, feasible, and effective?
Is it ethical, feasible, and effective?
How do you know if a company fosters an innovative culture and climate? 18) ______ A) It seeks feedback from a small think tank of individuals who have a pulse on consumers. B) It has a set of dependent processes and structures for how the company designs solutions. C) It allows for experimentation, failure, and risk taking. D) It uses change agents to broker disagreements between management and innovators. E) It focuses only on producing the products that have made it successful.
It allows for experimentation, failure, and risk taking.
________ is the extent to which employees have positive or negative feelings about various aspects of their work. 22) ______ A) Job involvement B) Job performance C) Job enrichment D) Job satisfaction E) Organizational commitment
Job satisfaction
Which of the following is an example of a proactive change? 4) _______ A) Mirabel explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content. B) Mirabel cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines. C) Mirabel is constantly "putting out fires," responding to daily crises in her group. D) Mirabel's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knows there is a problem. E) Mirabel's group sends a product that is nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering.
Mirabel explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.
________ is the set of psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior. 4) _______ A) Self-determination B) Reinforcement C) Motivation D) Self-actualization E) Productivity
Motivation
________ is the tendency for people with strong prior beliefs, when confronted with a choice, to make their decisions based on assumptions they've already made. A) Tunnel vision bias B) Single-vision stereotyping C) Narrow-minded perception D) Information bias E) The curse of knowledge
NARROW- MIDED PERCEPTION
________ are the rituals and ceremonies of a company, as well as the manner of dress, awards, myths and stories told about a company. 7) _______ A) Espoused values of organizational culture B) Invisible artifacts of that industry's culture and values C) Basic assumptions about organizational culture D) Observable artifacts of organizational culture E) Enacted values of organizational culture
Observable artifacts of organizational culture
________ is the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals. 23) ______ A) Job satisfaction B) Job enrichment C) Job performance D) Job involvement E) Organizational commitment
Organizational commitment
________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective. 15) ______ A) Revitalization B) Continuous improvement C) Corporate transformation D) Incremental innovation E) Organizational development
Organizational development
________ are difficulties that inhibit the achievement of goals. For example, the lack of parking may be the main reason why a new restaurant is failing. A) Problems B) Values C) Alternatives D) Synergies E) Objectives
PROBLEMS
________ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment. 18) ______ A) Self-management B) Self-monitoring C) Openness to experience D) Perception E) Self-awareness
Perception
What is the final step in the strategic human resource management process? 6) _______ A) Assess success of the recruitment process. B) Recruit and select people. C) Orient, train, and develop people. D) Plan future human resources needs. E) Perform appraisals of people.
Perform appraisals of people.
________ consists of stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity. 3) _______ A) Character B) Personality C) Attributions D) Values E) Attitudes
Personality
________ is the use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior. 24) ______ A) Constructive feedback B) Extinction C) Negative reinforcement D) Positive reinforcement E) Intrinsic motivation
Positive reinforcement
The model of decision making that explains how managers should make decisions, assuming managers will make logical decisions that will be the optimum in furthering the organization's best interests, is known as the ________. For example, a manager who uses this model may be personally opposed to outsourcing jobs overseas, but she nonetheless decides to outsource customer-service operations to India because doing so is in the company's best interests. A) focused decision-making model B) rational decision-making model C) employee relations model D) interpersonal-decision agenda E) solutions agenda
RATIONAL DECISION- MAKING MODEL
________ is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization. 19) ______ A) Selection B) Recruiting C) Hiring D) Interviewing E) Job posting
Recruiting
________ theory attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated while behavior with negative consequences tends not to be repeated. 23) ______ A) Acquired needs B) Equity C) Reinforcement D) Two-factor E) Expectancy
Reinforcement
________ is the degree to which a test measures the same thing consistently. 24) ______ A) Reliability B) Dependability C) Significance D) Accountability E) Validity
Reliability
________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine. 10) ______ A) OD intervention B) Benchmarking C) Radical innovation D) Change agency E) Resistance to change
Resistance to change
________ is the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways. 11) ______ A) Situational awareness B) Self-awareness C) Social awareness D) Self-management E) Relationship management
Self-management
________ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. This type of capital can help you land a job; a national survey of recruiters revealed that 74 percent had found the highest-quality applicants through employee referrals. 7) _______ A) Social B) Human C) Relational D) Personal E) Productivity
Social
________ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively. 25) ______ A) Role overload B) Stress C) Apprehension D) Anxiety E) Role conflict
Stress
A job specification describes the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform the job successfully. For example, a job specification for an editor may require all editors to have flawless grammar skills.
TRUE
An example of a self-fulfilling prophecy is a server who expects some poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers, who therefore gives them poor service, and so gets the result he expected—a much lower tip than usual
TRUE
An example of innovative change is a department store deciding to adopt a new practice used by competitors by staying open 24 hours a day and requiring employees to work flexible schedules, a change that employees are likely to see as moderately threatening
TRUE
An organizational structure is a set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its environments.
TRUE
Changing organizational culture is essentially a teaching process in which members instruct each other about the organization's preferred values, beliefs, expectations, and behaviors.
TRUE
Every year, 10 percent of GE's managers are assigned the bottom grade during the annual review cycle, and if they don't improve, they are asked to leave the company. GE uses a forced ranking performance review system.
TRUE
Those who have the Type A behavior pattern are involved in a chronic, determined struggle to accomplish more in less time.
TRUE
To be most motivating, goals should be specific and challenging but achievable.
TRUE
With satisficing, managers look for alternatives until they find one that is satisfactory, not optimal.
TRUE
________ in an organization is the division of labor. For example, in a publishing company, there are people who acquire manuscripts (sponsoring editors), people who edit manuscripts (developmental editors), and people who turn manuscripts into printed books (production editors). 11) ______ A) The coordination of individual efforts into a group or organization-wide effort B) A structure where employees report to no more than one manager C) The arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people D) An organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management E) The common purpose that unifies employees
The arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people
________ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait. 21) ______ A) The halo effect B) Fundamental attribution error C) Self-serving bias D) The recency effect E) A self-fulfilling prophecy
The halo effect
In using reinforcement, a manager should 25) ______ A) give all employees the same rewards to ensure fairness. B) avoid using punishment. C) reward both desired and undesired behavior. D) save rewards for weekly or monthly celebrations. E) clearly communicate the desired behavior.
clearly communicate the desired behavior.
Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce 16) ______ A) cognitive dissonance. B) a self-serving bias. C) group behavior. D) fundamental attribution. E) causal attribution.
cognitive dissonance.
People with ________ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance. 8) _______ A) an external locus of control B) low self-efficacy C) high self-efficacy D) an internal locus of control E) high self-monitoring
an internal locus of control
Party Supply uses time-series forecasts, such as past holiday sales and the strength of store sales this year, to predict future sales based on patterns of historical data. Party Supply is using 11) ______ A) analytics. B) the synergy trend. C) Big Data. D) decisions by trends. E) focused trend.
analytics
Luke and Mia are selling their home. They listed their house three months ago at an extremely high selling price, a price they randomly chose. They do not want to reduce the price to reflect what the marketplace shows their home is really worth. Luke and Mia are participants in ________ bias. 23) ______ A) confirmation B) ego C) sunk-cost D) blind E) anchoring and adjustment
anchoring and adjustment
A performance appraisal consists of 26) ______ A) assessing performance and providing feedback. B) rotating job positions. C) setting standards and monitoring performance. D) motivating and monitoring performance. E) motivating and counseling.
assessing performance and providing feedback.
The three components of ________ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral. 14) ______ A) values B) stress C) personality D) job satisfaction E) attitudes
attitudes
The interdisciplinary field of organizational ________ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others. 12) ______ A) awareness B) strategy C) culture D) development E) behavior
behavior
Uri, a server in a popular family restaurant, is the most popular employee with both customers and employees, and as a result, he usually earns the most in tips. He is always ready to lend a hand when asked, and with his warm personality and supportive nature, people confide in him. Uri does have a problem telling people no, and he has a tendency to avoid conflict because he is concerned about hurting others or getting people mad. Uri likely has a(n) ________ decision-making style. 16) ______ A) ambiguous B) directive C) conceptual D) analytical E) behavioral
behavioral
Nora is a small-business owner who loves to take risks. She also enjoys going out and meeting customers and potential clients—the social aspect of her job. Nora relies on intuition and discussions with others to acquire information. As an interior decorator, Nora utilizes her imaginative strengths, taking a broad perspective to problem solving, and she likes to consider many options and future possibilities. Nora's decision-making style is best described as 15) ______ A) conceptual. B) directive. C) ambiguous. D) analytical. E) behavioral.
conceptual.
The increasing diversity of the American workforce, and the fact that people aged 18-34 are more likely to be living with their parents than with a spouse or partner, are both examples of a(n) ________ force for change. 5) _______ A) market B) economic C) social and political D) political E) demographic
demographic
Job ________ involves division of an organization's work among its employees and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance. 19) ______ A) design B) enrichment C) enlargement D) simplification E) development
design
Hewlett-Packard founders David Packard and William Hewlett strived to create a close-knit organizational culture that gave a lot of responsibility to employees and fostered innovation within the company. Individual responsibility and the importance of innovation are 8) _______ A) espoused values. B) diverse perspectives. C) focused values. D) analytics. E) enacted values.
espoused values.
Isabel, the owner of The Daily Dispatch, a small city newspaper, started her business two years ago, believing that there was still enough demand for her product. However, because people are busy and because so much news is now available online, she has seen the demand for her paper drop steadily. Isabel made a decision to change the original direction of the company and focus more on an Internet news service. Isabel is relying on ________ by demonstrating that managers need to think and act as if their company is an unfinished prototype, and by seeing her business as outsiders do. A) evidence-based decision making B) intuition C) the knee-jerk reaction theory D) a knowledge dilemma E) a decision tree
evidence-based decision making
People high in ________ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues. 10) ______ A) external locus of control B) self-esteem C) agreeableness D) emotional intelligence E) self-efficacy
external locus of control
Della, the sales manager, just informed her sales team that all sales in March will earn an extra 5 percent commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n) 6) _______ A) physiological need. B) intrinsic reward. C) extrinsic reward. D) high need for power. E) hygiene factor.
extrinsic reward.
Roberto really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Roberto probably scores high in 5) _______ A) emotional stability. B) conscientiousness. C) extroversion. D) openness to experience. E) agreeableness.
extroversion.
The best type of performance appraisal involves 28) ______ A) concentrating on "stretch goals." B) describing a subordinate's current performance in general terms. C) relying on impressions. D) using other employees as examples. E) giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions.
giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions.
Which of the following is a process perspective on motivation? 16) ______ A) two-factor theory B) job characteristics model C) acquired needs theory D) self-determination theory E) goal-setting theory
goal-setting theory
The advantages of ________ are having a greater pool of knowledge, gaining different perspectives, gaining intellectual stimulation, having a better understanding of decision rationale, and having a deeper commitment to the decision. 25) ______ A) more flexibility in the final decision B) the less-thought required decision C) group decision-making D) a deeper commitment to the decision E) a quicker decision
group decision-making
Henry, Bekah, and Marcella are on the five-member Benefits Task Force that is researching options for the new benefits package. Over lunch, Henry suggests that going with the Members' Choice HMO is the best course of action, and Bekah and Marcella agree with Henry for the sake of unanimity, without ever researching and accurately assessing the decision. Henry, Bekah, and Marcella are engaged in 26) ______ A) group marketing. B) groupthink. C) the Delphi technique. D) heuristics. E) goal displacement.
groupthink.
Marlene works in a manufacturing facility, Carz Parts. Throughout the building there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, making Marlene very uncomfortable. Carz Parts 18) ______ A) has a hostile work environment. B) is engaging in quid pro quo harassment. C) practices sexual discrimination. D) has no legal worries because Marlene is not suffering any economic injury. E) has no legal worries because none of the offensive materials are directed at Marlene.
has a hostile work environment.
For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers 9) _______ A) expect an employer to fulfill every level in their hierarchy of needs. B) have needs that cannot be understood by their employer. C) are as complex as their organization. D) are interested only in compensation that helps them fulfill physiological needs. E) have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck.
have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck.
Lexie, a new manager, must enforce sales report deadlines, but her team is struggling. She creates a new system to streamline the process and helps everyone understand why the deadlines are important. On which of the following internal forces is Lexie trying to have an impact? 7) _______ A) social and political pressures B) manager's behavior C) shareholder, customer, and market changes D) human resource concerns E) demographic characteristics
manager's behavior
Fresh and Clean, Inc. is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality. This system is new to the organization, and it is an example of ________ change. 8) _______ A) radically innovative B) adaptive C) innovative D) highly complex E) familiar
innovative
If you have a(n) ________, you believe you control your own destiny. 7) _______ A) internal locus of control B) high level of learned helplessness C) low level of self-efficacy D) external locus of control E) tolerance for ambiguity
internal locus of control
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor? 13) ______ A) responsibility B) advancement C) interpersonal relationships D) the work itself E) recognition
interpersonal relationships
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, only ________ factors can make employees satisfied with their jobs. 12) ______ A) security B) growth C) hygiene D) motivating E) affiliation
motivating
Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are 8) _______ A) safety, physiological, esteem, love, and self-actualization. B) self-actualization, esteem, love, safety, and physiological. C) physiological, safety, self-actualization, esteem, and love. D) physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. E) safety, love, esteem, self-actualization, and physiological.
physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.
) When Jorge became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large pharmaceutical company, the hiring manager scheduled a special meeting with him. The two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the compensation and benefits. Jorge appreciated that the hiring manager took the time to provide a(n) 21) ______ A) unstructured interview. B) realistic job preview. C) behavioral-description interview. D) situational interview. E) performance appraisal.
realistic job preview.
To ________, Lance, an HR manager, used reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area. 10) ______ A) recruit from outside the organization B) perform a job analysis C) analyze human capital D) develop an affirmative action program E) recruit from inside the organization
recruit from outside the organization
To achieve psychological growth, according to the self-determination theory, people need to satisfy the three innate needs: ________, autonomy, and competence. 10) ______ A) power B) affiliation C) safety D) pay E) relatedness
relatedness
Antwan was recently promoted to the position of shift supervisor at If The Shoe Fits, and he is now responsible for making decisions on numerous matters in the store and giving orders to the floor staff. At the same time, Antwan has the obligation to perform the many new tasks assigned to him as a supervisor, such as overseeing the closing work and the cleaning of the store. Antwan's obligations are known as his 14) ______ A) beliefs. B) hierarchy. C) authority. D) responsibility. E) power.
responsibility.
Goal displacement, satisficing, and groupthink are 27) ______ A) the disadvantages of group decision making. B) the disadvantages of individual decision making. C) problems with synergy. D) some advantages of group decision making. E) a normal aspect of all groups.
the disadvantages of group decision making.
Lewin's change model consists of 13) ______ A) three types: adaptive, innovative, and radically innovative. B) three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. C) four steps: recognize problems, gain allies, overcome resistance, and execute. D) three forces: employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, and change agent-employee relationships. E) three steps: diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation.
three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
Deliver Fast's customer complaints have increased because its drivers often get lost when attempting deliveries, which means that the deliveries arrived late. The drivers have resisted using GPS systems, claiming they know their territories. But managers are now encouraging them to look for the best solution to the increased level of customer complaints. Deliver Fast is in the ________ stage of Lewin's change model. 9) _______ A) evaluation B) learning C) refreezing D) changing E) unfreezing
unfreezing
