Exam 4

Dark green leafy vegetables are good sources for which of the following?

- Vitamin A - Calcium - Iron

Good sources of vitamin A (as retinol or beta-carotene) include:

- sweet potatoes - apricots - pumpkin pie

Approximately how much calcium is found in one glass (8 ounces) of skim milk?

300 milligrams

Magnesium

??

T/F: In order for vitamin D to function effectively in the body, the hormone form, which is produced by the liver and kidney, must be converted by sunlight to the active vitamin form. This vitamin form then works in conjunction with parathormone to help regulate calcium metabolism.

??

What percentage of total body water is accounted for by blood plasma?

??

Which of the following may result from excessive intake of vitamin A?

??

Which two minerals are thought to assist with the functions of insulin?

??

Which of the following statements is correct for vitamin supplements?

A megadose is generally defined as an amount ten times the RDA, although it is sometimes lower for certain vitamins

Which of the following vitamins function as antioxidants in human metabolism?

A, C, and E

which of the following vitamins may NOT be formed in the body from another nutrient, provitamin or bacteria?

C

Which of the following is true regarding calcium absorption?

Calcium in milk more absorbable because of Vitamin D

T/F: Chromium supplementation should be recommended to athletes as a means to promote muscle growth or fat loss.

False

T/F: In general, a person does not perceive the sensation of thirst until she or he has lost at least 1% of body weight through sweating.

False

T/F: Magnesium supplementation has been shown to lower blood pressure.

False

T/F: Minerals serve two of the three basic function of nutrients: building blocks for body tissues and a source of caloric energy.

False

T/F: Vanadium has been found to enhance body composition and physical performance and vanadium supplementation is safe for all athletes.

False

T/F: During acute, moderate duration bouts of exercise, such as a 10-kilometer run, electrolyte deficiency is a concern.

False ?

T/F: Only fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin A have antioxidant properties.

False ?

T/F: The amount of ingested fluid that enters the circulatory system depends upon two factors: gastric absorption and intestinal absorption.

False ?

T/F: If you decide to take a vitamin supplement, buy one of the highly advertised national brands because the quality will be worth the extra price.

False ??

Which of the following is true about mineral balance?

In response to short-term over or under ingestion of a given mineral, humans will adapt by excreting more or absorbing more, respectively, of that material

Which of the following is true of the vitamin known as niacin?

Niacin plays a role in energy metabolism

Which of the following statements about calcium's functioning in the human body is correct?

One symptom of a low serum level may be muscle cramping

Which of the following is true of vitamin E?

The RDA for vitamin E is given in alpha tocopherol equivalents

T/F: Contemporary treatment for osteoporosis usually involves three components: hormone replacement or drug therapy, calcium supplements, and exercise.

True

T/F: Heat stroke or exertional heat stroke is the most dangerous heat injury.

True

T/F: Low serum ferritin levels do not necessarily reflect low iron levels in the muscles.

True

T/F: Water is the most important nutrient in the chemistry and functioning of living forms.

True

T/F: Zinc is a component of enzymes that are involved in the major pathways of energy metabolism, protein synthesis, the growth process, and wound healing.

True

T/F: An appropriate amount of carbohydrate in solution may maintain body temperatures as effectively as water and may enhance endurance performance, as well.

True ?

Which of the following will help iron absorption?

Vitamin C

A diet of less than 15 mg/day of this nutrient may cause disruption in red blood cells.

Vitamin E ?

Which of the following tissues has the lowest water content?

adipose

What is the term used to describe the process where heat is transferred by movement of air or water over the body?

convection

Sweating means losing heat through

evaporation

The most potentially dangerous heat illness is:

heat stroke

Which of the following is a dietary recommendation that will help ensure adequate amounts of nutrients in the diet?

select a wide variety of foods from all of the foods groups and within each group

T/F: Among U.S. high school athletes, heat illness is the third-leading cause of death

true

T/F: If energy intake matches the energy requirement and an athlete consumes a reasonably balanced diet, he or she will get all the vitamins necessary from food without any need for supplements.

true

T/F: Soft drinks have a relatively high phosphate content.

true

T/F: Sports anemia refers to the observation that training causes a transient fall in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit because of the increase in plasma volume.

true

T/F: The bioavailability of iron is so low that to replace the 1.5 mg of iron that is lost from the body daily, 15 mg would need to be consumed.

true

T/F: The rate of heat transfer away from the body core is the product of the skin blood flow and the temperature difference between the core and the skin.

true

T/F: Trained athletes exhibit a lower resting body temperature and have a lower sweating (and shivering) threshold.

true

T/F: Vitamin C undergoes several conversions in the body and in its active form functions as a hormone.

true

Although athletes on weight reduction diets normally may not need vitamin supplementation, which athletes, based on the nature of their sport, may be best advised to take a supplement?

wrestlers