exam 4
Warm and cold-sensitive neurons are located in what part of the brain? Choose the correct option.
Anterior hypothalamus
Which of the following describes the ventromedial hypothalamic syndrome? Choose the correct option.
Hypothalamic lesions that cause overeating and obesity
Several brain structures besides the amygdala have effects on aggression. These structures include which of the following? Choose the correct option.
Hypothalamus and midline periaqueductal gray matter
What is the most common symptom of amygdala lesions in humans? Choose the correct option.
Inability to recognize the facial expression of fear
Electrical stimulation of the amygdala elicits what response in humans? Choose the correct option.
Increased anxiety and fear.
What is the consequence of leptin deficiency? Choose the correct option
Increased feeding behavior and decreased metabolism; increased MCH in the lateral hypothalamic area; and increased NPY and AgRP in the arcuate nucleus
at is the consequence of leptin deficiency? Choose the correct option.
Increased feeding behavior and decreased metabolism; increased MCH in the lateral hypothalamic area; and increased NPY and AgRP in the arcuate nucleus
Which neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus respond to an increase in blood leptin levels? Choose the correct option
MSH and CART-containing neurons
Which neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus respond to an increase in blood leptin levels? Choose the correct option.
MSH and CART-containing neurons
Vervet monkeys were injected with drugs that either increased or decreased serotonergic activity. These experiments showed which of the following about the relationship between serotonin and aggression? Choose the correct option.
More aggression is associated with less serotonergic activity
Which of the following statements reflects the argument against a discrete emotion system? Choose the correct option
Solid evidence indicates that some structures involved in emotion are also involved in other functions
Which of the following statements reflects the argument against a discrete emotion system? Choose the correct option.
Solid evidence indicates that some structures involved in emotion are also involved in other functions.
Hypothalamic neurons maintain homeostasis by responding to a sensory stimulus with humoral, visceromotor, and somatic motor responses. Which of the following describes the humoral response? Choose the correct option.
Stimulating or inhibiting the release of pituitary hormones
Insulin levels are maximal during which of the following phases of short-term regulation of feeding behavior? Choose the correct option
Substrate
Which of the following describes satiety signals responsible for short-term regulation of feeding behavior? Choose the correct option
Terminate a meal and inhibit feeding for some time afterwards
Which of the following describes satiety signals responsible for short-term regulation of feeding behavior? Choose the correct option.
Terminate a meal and inhibit feeding for some time afterwards
What led to the belief that anterior thalamus plays an important role in emotion? Choose the correct option.
The observation that lesions in the anterior thalamus led to spontaneous laughing and crying
Which of the following is the process of breaking down complex macromolecules? Choose the correct option.
catabolism
Affective aggression is an attack made against a member of a different species for the purpose of obtaining food.
false
Glycogen reserves are found in adipose tissue
false
Glycogen reserves are found in adipose tissue.
false
CCK is a gastrointestinal peptide and a satiety signal released by cells of the intestines in response to the presence of fatty food.
true
Dopamine-depleted animals appear to lack the motivation to seek food even though they seem to enjoy it when it is available.
true
Empirical evidence shows a clear correlation between androgen levels and aggression.
true
The proposed circuit for learned fear suggests that the autonomic response to a fearful stimulus is mediated by the hypothalamus
true
When the drug PCPA (parachlorophenylalanine) was administered to experimental animals, the injected animals increased their attacks on others in their cage
true
When the drug PCPA (parachlorophenylalanine) was administered to experimental animals, the injected animals increased their attacks on others in their cage.
true
When your stomach is full, mechanoreceptors in the stomach wall sense the distension and transmit the sensation to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the medulla via what nerve? Choose the correct option.
vagus
Which of the following describes ghrelin? Choose the correct option
A peptide highly concentrated in the stomach that is released into the bloodstream when the stomach is empty
Information from the sensory systems feeds into which part of the amygdala? Choose the correct option.
Basolateral nuclei
Which of the following is strong evidence linking the amygdala with fear? Choose the correct option
Bilateral amygdalectomy in profoundly reduces fear and aggression.
Which of the following is strong evidence linking the amygdala with fear? Choose the correct option.
Bilateral amygdalectomy in profoundly reduces fear and aggression.
Which of the following represents the humoral response to a drop in leptin levels? Choose the correct option.
Decreased secretion of TSH and ACTH from the pituitary gland
In the proposed neural circuit for learned fear, the state of the ANS is altered by what neural connection? Choose the correct option.
Efferents from the central nucleus of the amygdala project to the hypothalamus
What is the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion? Choose the correct option
Emotional experience can be independent of emotional expression
What is the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion? Choose the correct option.
Emotional experience can be independent of emotional expression
How do neurons of the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) respond to a decrease in blood volume? Choose the correct option
Excite magnocellular neurosecretory cells that secrete vasopressin and stimulate osmotic thirst
How do neurons of the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) respond to a decrease in blood volume? Choose the correct option.
Excite magnocellular neurosecretory cells that secrete vasopressin and stimulate osmotic thirst
What is the empirical evidence for the experience of unconscious emotions? Choose the correct option.
Experiments by Arne Öhman, Ray Dolan, and their colleagues showed autonomic responses to angry faces that had not been consciously perceived
Which of the following is a symptom of diabetes insipidus? Choose the correct option.
Large volumes of pale watery urine
Anorexia can result from damage to which of the following parts of the brain? Choose the correct option.
Lateral hypothalamus
Which of the following structures is associated with predatory aggression? Choose the correct option.
Lateral hypothalamus
Neurons in the lateral hypothalamus that receive a direct projection from leptin-sensitive cells in the arcuate nucleus contain which of the following peptide neurotransmitters? Choose the correct option.
MCH and orexin
5-HT1B receptors are found in which of the following structures? Choose the correct option.
Raphe nuclei, amygdala, PAG and the basal ganglia
What is the behavior of mice lacking 5-HT1A or 5-HT1B receptors? Choose the correct option.
Unusually anxious
Serotonin levels in the hypothalamus spike during a meal, especially in response to carbohydrates.
True