Exam 4: Ch. 13, 14, 15

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Which location on the body has the largest region of somatosensory cortex representing it, according to the sensory homunculus?

lips

What type of receptor cell is involved in the sensations of sound and balance?

mechanoreceptor

What central fiber tract connects forebrain and brain stem structures with the hypothalamus?

medial forebrain bundle

Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous system does not differentiate into more vesicles at the secondary stage?

mesencephalon

Which type of drug would be an antidote to atropine poisoning?

muscarinic agonist

Which structure is associated with the embryologic development of the peripheral nervous system?

neural crest

A drug that affects both divisions of the autonomic system is going to bind to, or block, which type of neurotransmitter receptor?

nicotinic

What type of receptor cell is responsible for transducing pain stimuli?

nociceptor

Which nerve projects to the hypothalamus to indicate the level of light stimuli in the retina?

optic

What level of the brain stem is the major input to the cerebellum?

pons

Which type of fiber could be considered the longest?

preganglionic parasympathetic

Which region of the frontal lobe is responsible for initiating movement by directly connecting to cranial and spinal motor neurons?

primary motor cortex

Which portion of the ventricular system is found within the diencephalon?

third ventricle

Which ganglion is responsible for cutaneous sensations of the face?

trigeminal ganglion

Which cranial nerve does not control functions in the head and neck?

vagus

Which region of gray matter in the spinal cord contains motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscles?

ventral horn

Which extrapyramidal tract incorporates equilibrium sensations with motor commands to aid in posture and movement?

vestibulospinal

What type of reflex can protect the foot when a painful stimulus is sensed?

withdrawal

Which kind of drug would have anti-anxiety effects?

a-blocker

What neurotransmitter will result in constriction of the pupil?

acetylcholine

Which signaling molecule is most likely responsible for an increase in digestive activity?

acetylcholine

. Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

acetylcholine decreases digestion

A drug is called an agonist if it ________.

acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor

What gland produces a secretion that causes fight-or-flight responses in effectors?

adrenal medulla

What region of the limbic lobe is responsible for generating stress responses via the hypothalamus?

amygdala

What region of the spinal cord contains motor neurons that direct the movement of skeletal muscles?

anterior horn

Which of these sensory modalities does not pass through the ventral posterior thalamus?

audition

What type of ganglion contains neurons that control homeostatic mechanisms of the body?

autonomic ganglion

Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?

baroreception

What type of glial cell is responsible for filtering blood to produce CSF at the choroid plexus?

ependymal cell

Which of these cranial nerves is part of the gustatory system?

facial

Which of these cranial nerves contains preganglionic parasympathetic fibers?

facial, CN VII

What is the name for a bundle of axons within a nerve?

fascicle

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible for generating motor commands?

frontal

Which of these structures is not under direct control of the peripheral nervous system?

gastric plexus

What is the name for the topographical representation of the sensory input to the somatosensory cortex?

homunculus

What region of the diencephalon coordinates homeostasis?

hypothalamus

Which of these locations in the forebrain is the master control center for homeostasis through the autonomic and endocrine systems?

hypothalamus

Which of these physiological changes would not be considered part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight response?

increased stomach motility

Visual stimuli in the upper-left visual field will be processed in what region of the primary visual cortex?

inferior right

Aside from the nervous system, which other organ system develops out of the ectoderm?

integumentary system

What blood vessel enters the cranium to supply the brain with fresh, oxygenated blood?

internal carotid artery

Which of the following is not a target of a sympathetic preganglionic fiber?

intramural ganglion

What is another name for the preganglionic sympathetic fibers that project to the heart?

cardiac accelerator nerve

Which of the following is a direct target of the vestibular ganglion?

cerebellum

Brodmann's areas map different regions of the ________ to particular functions.

cerebral cortex

Which nucleus in the medulla is connected to the inferior colliculus?

cochlear nucleus

Which non-nervous tissue develops from the neuroectoderm?

craniofacial

What condition causes a stroke?

disruption of blood to the brain

Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports the sinuses that form the route through which blood drains from the CNS?

dura mater

Axons from which neuron in the retina make up the optic nerve?

retinal ganglion cells

What is the term for a reflex that does not include a CNS component?

short

Which submodality of taste is sensitive to the pH of saliva?

sour

Which type of drug could be used to treat asthma by opening airways wider?

sympathomimetic drug

Which adult structure(s) arises from the diencephalon?

thalamus, hypothalamus, retina


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