Exam 4: Ch. 13, 14, 15
Which location on the body has the largest region of somatosensory cortex representing it, according to the sensory homunculus?
lips
What type of receptor cell is involved in the sensations of sound and balance?
mechanoreceptor
What central fiber tract connects forebrain and brain stem structures with the hypothalamus?
medial forebrain bundle
Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous system does not differentiate into more vesicles at the secondary stage?
mesencephalon
Which type of drug would be an antidote to atropine poisoning?
muscarinic agonist
Which structure is associated with the embryologic development of the peripheral nervous system?
neural crest
A drug that affects both divisions of the autonomic system is going to bind to, or block, which type of neurotransmitter receptor?
nicotinic
What type of receptor cell is responsible for transducing pain stimuli?
nociceptor
Which nerve projects to the hypothalamus to indicate the level of light stimuli in the retina?
optic
What level of the brain stem is the major input to the cerebellum?
pons
Which type of fiber could be considered the longest?
preganglionic parasympathetic
Which region of the frontal lobe is responsible for initiating movement by directly connecting to cranial and spinal motor neurons?
primary motor cortex
Which portion of the ventricular system is found within the diencephalon?
third ventricle
Which ganglion is responsible for cutaneous sensations of the face?
trigeminal ganglion
Which cranial nerve does not control functions in the head and neck?
vagus
Which region of gray matter in the spinal cord contains motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscles?
ventral horn
Which extrapyramidal tract incorporates equilibrium sensations with motor commands to aid in posture and movement?
vestibulospinal
What type of reflex can protect the foot when a painful stimulus is sensed?
withdrawal
Which kind of drug would have anti-anxiety effects?
a-blocker
What neurotransmitter will result in constriction of the pupil?
acetylcholine
Which signaling molecule is most likely responsible for an increase in digestive activity?
acetylcholine
. Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?
acetylcholine decreases digestion
A drug is called an agonist if it ________.
acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor
What gland produces a secretion that causes fight-or-flight responses in effectors?
adrenal medulla
What region of the limbic lobe is responsible for generating stress responses via the hypothalamus?
amygdala
What region of the spinal cord contains motor neurons that direct the movement of skeletal muscles?
anterior horn
Which of these sensory modalities does not pass through the ventral posterior thalamus?
audition
What type of ganglion contains neurons that control homeostatic mechanisms of the body?
autonomic ganglion
Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?
baroreception
What type of glial cell is responsible for filtering blood to produce CSF at the choroid plexus?
ependymal cell
Which of these cranial nerves is part of the gustatory system?
facial
Which of these cranial nerves contains preganglionic parasympathetic fibers?
facial, CN VII
What is the name for a bundle of axons within a nerve?
fascicle
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible for generating motor commands?
frontal
Which of these structures is not under direct control of the peripheral nervous system?
gastric plexus
What is the name for the topographical representation of the sensory input to the somatosensory cortex?
homunculus
What region of the diencephalon coordinates homeostasis?
hypothalamus
Which of these locations in the forebrain is the master control center for homeostasis through the autonomic and endocrine systems?
hypothalamus
Which of these physiological changes would not be considered part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight response?
increased stomach motility
Visual stimuli in the upper-left visual field will be processed in what region of the primary visual cortex?
inferior right
Aside from the nervous system, which other organ system develops out of the ectoderm?
integumentary system
What blood vessel enters the cranium to supply the brain with fresh, oxygenated blood?
internal carotid artery
Which of the following is not a target of a sympathetic preganglionic fiber?
intramural ganglion
What is another name for the preganglionic sympathetic fibers that project to the heart?
cardiac accelerator nerve
Which of the following is a direct target of the vestibular ganglion?
cerebellum
Brodmann's areas map different regions of the ________ to particular functions.
cerebral cortex
Which nucleus in the medulla is connected to the inferior colliculus?
cochlear nucleus
Which non-nervous tissue develops from the neuroectoderm?
craniofacial
What condition causes a stroke?
disruption of blood to the brain
Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports the sinuses that form the route through which blood drains from the CNS?
dura mater
Axons from which neuron in the retina make up the optic nerve?
retinal ganglion cells
What is the term for a reflex that does not include a CNS component?
short
Which submodality of taste is sensitive to the pH of saliva?
sour
Which type of drug could be used to treat asthma by opening airways wider?
sympathomimetic drug
Which adult structure(s) arises from the diencephalon?
thalamus, hypothalamus, retina