exam 4 drug use and abuse quiz questions
what is the ratio of potency between LSD and psilocybin?
100:1
NIDA's 2019/2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that about ________ of Americans used marijuana in the last year
18 percent
Which of the following is NOT true of A.A.? - There are 12 steps - Part of working the steps involves sharing an honest self-evaluation with someone else - People work the steps with a sponsor - Bob W. and Dr. Bill are the founders of AA
Bob W. and Dr. Bill are the founders of AA
is a receptor for cannabinoids primarily found in our brains
CB1
Which of the following is/are true? - Cannabidiol helps breakdown endogenous cannabinoids - Cannabidiol is an agonist for CB1 receptors - Cannabidiol decreases the effect of THC at CB1 receptors - all of the choices are true
Cannabidiol decreases the effect of THC at CB1 receptors
Ayahuasca tea contains contains what substance?
DMT
is a medication that is CBD extracted from the cannabis plant that has been FDA approved for 3 rare seizure disorders
Epidiolex
The hallucinogenic effects of _______ were discovered by accident when ________ accidentally spilled some on his hand
LSD; Albert Hofmann
Which of the following drugs has been associated with long-term deficits in serotonin activity? - MDMA - ibogaine - salvia - mescaline
MDMA
Which of the following drugs has been associated with long-term deficits in serotonin activity? - mescaline - MDMA - ibogaine - salvia
MDMA
_______ is the leafy top portion of the Cannabis sativa plant, while ______ is the resin produced by a cannabis plant to protect it from the sun
Marijuana; hashish
What substance has been found to reduce anxiety and depression in advanced cancer patients?
Psilocybin
Which of the following is false? - Hashish has a higher THC percentage than marijuana does - Research investigating the effects of marijuana has always had about 10 to 12 percent THC in the marijuana - Today's street marijuana has a higher THC content than 20 years ago - Today's street marijuana has about 10 to 12 percent THC content
Research investigating the effects of marijuana has always had about 10 to 12 percent THC in the marijuana
Which of the following is true? - THC decreases the release of neurotransmitters from the postsynaptic neuron - THC increases the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron - retrograde neurotransmitters are released from the postsynaptic neuron to influence the presynaptic neuron - retrograde neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic neuron to influence the postsynaptic neuron
Retrograde neurotransmitters are released from the postsynaptic neuron to influence the presynaptic neuron
is a self-help group that does not include any spirituality component that helps people look at their motives for use, and their beliefs, emotions, and behavior
SMART
is a vapor spray medication that is about equal portions of CBD and THC
Sativex
The advantage of using _______ for the treatment of opioid use disorder is that if someone takes it other than as directed, they will put themselves into opioid withdrawal
Suboxone
The primary psychoactive agent in marijuana that has been most studied is
THC
Which of the following statements describes the conclusions/recommendations of professional committee reports on the effects of marijuana? - The most recent report published in 2017 recommends that cannabis should be available for recreational use in the US - The most recent report published in 2017 describes barriers to research evaluating the effects of cannabis and cannabinoids - They have consistently warned about the multiple negative effects of marijuana use - They have always clearly stated there are no negative effects of marijuana use
The most recent report published in 2017 describes barriers to research evaluating the effects of cannabis and cannabinoids
Which of the following is true of the serotonergic hallucinogens? - They are sympatholytic drugs - They produce aural and tactile hallucinations - They decrease heart rate and blood pressure - They are sympathomimetic and produce visual hallucinations
They are sympathomimetic and produce visual hallucinations
True/False: Regularly attending self-help groups is associated with higher rates of abstinence
True
Which of the following is not true of MDMA (Ecstasy)? - It has been associated with brain damage in nonhumans - Visual hallucinations are a common effect - Heatstroke and heart attacks have occurred with overdose - Effects include increase in warmth and empathy as well as decreased defensiveness
Visual hallucinations are a common effect
Recent UN World Drug Report results indicate about ___ of people use marijuana worldwide yearly?
about 4 percent
There are specific medications to treat the withdrawal from
alcohol, benzodiazepines, opioids
CRAFT - stands for community reinforcement and family training - includes teaching the concerned significant others - focuses on helping the concerned significant other find more satisfaction in life regardless of whether or not their loved one changes their use - all of the other choices
all of the other choices
Marijuana affects which of the following neurotransmitters? - Glutamate - GABA - Acetylcholine - all of the other choices
all of the other choices
The endocannabinoid system - plays a role in the stress response - is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters - plays a role in pain regulation - all of the other choices
all of the other choices
Anandamide and 2-AG - exert a shorter action than THC - are retrograde neurotransmitters - are endocannabinoids - all of the other choices are true
all of the other choices are true
Working the steps of AA involves/includes - making amends for one's wrongs only if to do so would not hurt others - helping others with the 12 step process - sharing an honest self evaluations with at least one person - all of the specific choices (except none) - none of the other choices
all of the specific choices
Which of the following effects on the reproductive system has research shown to be associated with chronic marijuana use? - decreases in sperm motility in men - decreases in the number of sperm in men - nonovulatory menstrual cycles in women
all of these are correct
Which of the following is a sympathomimetic drug? - LSD - MDMA - peyote - all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Which of the following is true of PCP? - It was developed as an anesthetic - It has been associated with psychotic reactions - It produces hallucinations and tactile distortions - all of these are correct
all of these are correct
which of the following is true about ketamine? - a form of it has been approved for the treatment of depression - it is a dissociative anesthetic - it is used regularly in veterinary medicine - all of these are correct
all of these are correct
The ASAM criteria - are 6 dimensions of information that are important to assess when planning treatment - include the likelihood of a client experiencing withdrawal symptoms - include the extent to which a client is accepting or resistant to treatment - all of these choices
all of these choices
Which of the following influence treatment settings and services? - potential for withdrawal - relapse potential - quality of relationships - all of these choices
all of these choices
Which of the following is/are true regarding hallucinogens? - often also activate the sympathetic nervous system - have the general effect of emphasizing sensation over logic and rational thought - the category might be better named altered states of consciousness - all of these choices are true
all of these choices are true
atropine and scopolamine are __________ for ____________
antagonists; acetylcholine
According to the Transtheoretical Stages of Change model, individuals who are weighing the pros and cons of change
are in the contemplation stage
What is typically the first step in the substance use treatment process?
assessment
Which of the following drugs would give the user a dream-like high and leave the user with a poor memory for events that occurred while under the influence? - psilocybin - phencyclidine - mescaline - atropine
atropine
What is not a common effect of LSD?
auditory hallucinations
A ___________ is a cigar that is emptied of tobacco and refilled with marijuana
blunt
Methadone maintenance treatment - usually involves going to the treatment clinic every day (except Sundays) to get one's daily dose - was modified for COVID to allow people to obtain enough to last two weeks or a month if they were stable - both of other content answers - none of the other choices
both of the other content answers
which of the following is regulatory issue potentially limiting research into medical applications of marijuana? - funding cuts for the National Institutes for Health - ethical restrictions on the use of psychotropic drugs - classification of the drug as a Schedule 1 substance - inconsistency of state laws regarding the drug
classification of the drug as a Schedule 1 substance
How does using marijuana affect a person's sleep?
decrease REM sleep
The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2017) concluded that there is substantial evidence for the treatment of all the below with cannabis or cannabinoids except: - nausea from chemotherapy - epilepsy - chronic pain - multiple sclerosis
epilepsy
True/False: Treatment for substance use disorders always includes medication.
false
A sudden reoccurrence of a hallucinogenic experience is a(n) __________.
flashback
The best way to approach treatment for someone who has a substance use disorder and a non-AOD psychological disorder is
for the person to have integrated treatment that addresses both types of disorders
Which of the following is FALSE regarding substance use treatment? - can intervene with biological factors, psychological factors, and social factors - can include individual therapy, group therapy, and family therapy - may encourage self-help involvement or be based on the 12 steps - frequently has moderation in use as a treatment goal for severe use disorders
frequently has moderation in use as a treatment goal for severe use disorders
PCP is thought to act by influencing receptors for
glutamate
Motivational enhancement is basically
helping someone think about and identify personal reasons to change
All of the following except _____ are effects of marijuana use - impaired short term memory - increased sensitivity to pain - sensory enhancement - increased reaction time
increased sensitivity to pain
Which of the following drugs would be the most likely to produce changes/distortions in perception of one's body? - MDMA (ecstasy) - DMT - scopolamine - ketamine
ketamine
Marijuana cigarettes contain ____________________.
more tar than tobacco cigarettes
Which of the following is false? - A person who has smoked or vaped a cannabis product reports feeling the effect for about 2 to 4 hours - The peak blood concentration of THC when someone has smoked or vaped cannabis occurs in about 6 to 10 minutes - The peak blood concentration of THC when someone has ingested cannabis edibles occurs within 1 to 2 hours - none of the choices are false
none of the choices are false
Which of the following is true regarding the research evidence on the social/environmental effects of marijuana? - marijuana use causes a-motivational syndrome - marijuana enhances competence in social situations - marijuana use causes aggression - none of the other choices
none of the other choices
Which of the following is false? - Cannabis at high doses can bring about hallucinations - Cannabis has some excitatory effects - The short term memory impairment associated with marijuana use can occur with fairly low doses - none of the other choices are false (they are all true)
none of the other choices are false (they are all true)
The active chemical in hallucinogenic mushrooms is _________; the active chemical in peyote is ___________
psilocybin; mescaline
Psychological interventions include
relapse prevention, motivational enhancement, and finding alternative sources of reinforcement
Cannabis use
results in acute suppression of immune system
is derived from a plant in the sage family and is considered to be the most potent of any naturally-occurring hallucinogens
salvia
Which of the following is true? - Any client with a substance use disorder should be required to attend an AA or other 12-step meeting as part of their treatment - working the 12 steps involves making amends to everyone someone has wronged as a result of their substance use - some treatments are actually based on the 12 steps - family therapy is rarely included in treatment for a substance use disorder
some treatments are actually based on the 12 steps
People who see sounds as colors have what condition?
synesthesia
In New York City, during Prohibition, ________ opened to give marijuana users a place to smoke
tea-pads
True/False: Activation of the 5-HT 2A serotonin receptor is thought to be the key factor in producing visual hallucinations in serotonergic hallucinations
true
True/False: Cannabis can worsen the course of schizophrenia
true
True/False: Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic behavior in the future.
true
True/False: Cannabis withdrawal is a disorder first included in the DSM-5.
true
True/False: Most people who get treatment for substance use disorder go to outpatient treatment
true
True/False: Synthetic marijuana is a stronger agonist than regular marijuana
true
True/False: THC inhibits the release of neurotransmitters.
true
True/False: Treatment outcome for substance use disorder is better if people stay in treatment for at least 6 months
true
True/False: in helping people think about changing, it is helpful to have the person explore both of the reasons to change and the reasons not to change
true
True/False: there is a lot about cannabis that we do not know at least in part because methodological limitations of research of cannabis
true
