Exam 4 study guide

list foods that promote calcium intake for adolescents

fortified cereals cheese yogurt almond milk white beans broccoli

How can we prevent medication errors in children?

same as adults.

Which muscle would the nurse give a newborn a hepatitis B vaccine? Which size needle would be used?

vastus lateralis 25mm

Before placing an IV in a child, would the nurse check for lab orders before sticking the child? Why?

yes, to ensure IV is necessary

What is acrocyanosis?

cyanosis of hands and feet

Describe ways to assist a child adapting to an extended hospital admission.

perform care on stuffed animals, allow child to do same avoid use of medical terms allow child to handle some equipment teach child steps of procedure, or exactly what will happen show child room where they are staying explain sounds let child sample food

what is the priority learning activity for a 6 month old infant?

putting things in their mouths

when caring for a school aged surgical patient, what would be the nurses priorrity

reassurance that fears are normal. support. help child face fear.

what observations would the nurse observe to confirm attachment between PP mother and her infant?

skin to skin contact, breastfeeding, eye contact, social vocalizations, kangaroo care, newborn massage. taking part in newborn care such as changing diapers, singing, comforting, talking to baby

Recognize therapeutic communication for children and families dealing with acute and chronic medical conditions-How would you describe an x-ray to a preschooler?

takes pictures of your insides

Why would the nurse use an orogastric tube in a neonate instead of a nasogastric tube?

there is any respiratory distress or nasal anomalies, or the infant requires nasal CPAP

Normal findings for a 12 month old at a well visit?

triple their birth weight double birth length 10cm more than birth for head circumference can go from sitting to standing walks independently

Remember which screening charts for visual acuity are used for each age group

tumbling E for children who do not know the alphabet but can follow instructions allen object chart for preschool age snellen eye for 6 and older.

Describe therapeutic play. How does this help with procedures?

type of play that provides an emotional outlet or improves the child's ability to cope with the stress of illness and hospitalization

Review administration of gastrostomy tube feedings. How much residual would be required to hold a feed for a school-aged child?

1/3 of feeding

When does discharge planning begin?

Upon admission

describe health promotion for preschoolers. what would be the expected gross motor skills for preschoolers

3-climbs well, pedals tricycle, runs easily, walks up and down stairs with alternate feet, bends over without falling 4-throw ball overhand, kicks ball forward, hops on one foot, moves forward and back agiley 5-stands on one foot 10 seconds or longer, swings and climbs well, skips, skate and swim

What are Erikson's stages of development?

1. Trust vs. mistrust (Birth to 12-18 months) 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (12-18 months to 3 years) 3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3 years to 5-6 years 4. Industry vs. Inferiority (5-6 years to adolescence) 5. Identity vs. role diffusion (Adolescence) 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (Early adulthood) 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle adulthood) 8. Ego-Integrity vs. Despair (Late adulthood)

Describe the palmar grasp reflex

Place object in the hand of the newborn, and the newborn will grasp it tightly (plantar reflex involves curling of the toes when pressure is applied to the sole of the foot).

If an adolescent does not want a parent present for a physical exam, what would the appropriate response be?

if parent is okay with it, let them leave.

what advice would the nurse give to parents dealing with toddler tantrums?

ignore the behavior make sure the toddler is safe

When assessing an infant, what is the best way to listen for respirations?

Use the bell of the stethoscope. Auscultate the lung fields with the infant or child in a sitting position Listen on the anterior chest, on the posterior chest, and in the axillary regions.

what would be appropriate nutrition for a toddler?

a diet high in nutrient-rich foods and low in nutrient-poor high calorie foods

What factors should the nurse incorporate when caring for a dying child?

managing pain and discomfort providing nutrition providing emotional support to child and family assist family thru grief process

what is the major cause of injuries for adolescents?

motor vehicle crashes

what gross motor skills would the nurse expect a school age child to be able to perform? what health screening are appropriate for this age?

bicycling skating swimming

What are some ways to encourage a school-aged child to cough and deep breath?

blowing bubbles, pin wheels, etc

identify risk factors for suicide in adolescents

depression or mental illness mental health changes family hx of suicide hx of prev suicide attempt poor school performance family disorganization substance abuse lgbtq giving away value possessions being a loner/no close friends changes in behavior incarceration

Describe alternative positioning and when it would be beneficial.

during atraumatic care. positioning used to keep the child safe rather than holding them down forcefully.

What is priority for the nurse admitting a medically fragile patient?

encouraging passive caregiving