Exam 6-GI Questions Nursing 102
Which client would be at greatest risk for the development of an anorectal fistula?
A 35-year-old female with Crohn's disease
A nurse is conducting health screening with a diverse group of clients. Which client likely has the most risk factors for developing hemorrhoids?
A pregnant woman at 28 weeks' gestation
After teaching a group of students about intestinal obstruction, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify which of the following as a cause of a functional obstruction?
Abdominal surgery
A nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to the hospital with diverticulitis. What would be appropriate nursing diagnoses for this client? Select all that apply.
Acute Pain Related to Increased Peristalsis and GI Inflammation Activity Intolerance Related to Generalized Weakness Deficient Fluid Volume Related to Anorexia, Nausea, and Diarrhea
What is the most common cause of small-bowel obstruction?
Adhesions
A nurse caring for a client with small-bowel obstruction should plan to implement which nursing intervention first?
Administering I.V. fluids
A client reports having increased incidence of constipation. What can cause constipation?
All options are correct.
A client's health history is suggestive of inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following would suggest Crohn's disease, rather than ulcerative colitis, as the cause of the client's signs and symptoms?
An absence of blood in stool
A client presents to the emergency room with a possible diagnosis of appendicitis. The health care provider asks the nurse to assess for tenderness at McBurney's point. The nurse knows to palpate which area?
Between the umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac spine
Which is the most common presenting symptom of colon cancer?
Change in bowel habits
A client informs the nurse that he has been having abdominal pain that is relieved when having a bowel movement. The client states that the physician told him he has irritable bowel syndrome. What does the nurse recognize as characteristic of this disorder?
Chronic constipation with sporadic bouts of diarrhea
Which of the following is the diagnostic of choice if the suspected diagnosis is diverticulitis?
Computed tomography scan
A client is having a diagnostic workup for reports of frequent diarrhea, right lower abdominal pain, and weight loss. The nurse is reviewing the results of the barium study and notes the presence of "string sign." What does the nurse understand that this is significant of?
Crohn's disease
A client presents with an infection in the area between the internal and external sphincters. In which chronic disease is this condition commonly seen?
Crohn's disease
A client with a 10-year history of Crohn's disease is seeing the physician due to increased diarrhea and fatigue. Additionally, the client has developed arthritis and conjunctivitis. What is the mostlikely cause of the latest symptoms?
Crohn's disease
Which is one of the primary symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Diarrhea
The nurse is caring for a client with a suspected megacolon. The nurse anticipates that one of the findings of assessment will be Fecal incontinence
Fecal incontinence
A clinic client has described recent dark-colored stools and the nurse recognizes the need for fecal occult blood testing (FOBT). What aspect of the client's current health status would contraindicate FOBT?
Hemorrhoids
A patient diagnosed with IBS is advised to eat a diet that is: High in fiber.
High in fiber.
Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by which pathophysiological process?
Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa
The nurse is comparing Crohn's disease (regional enteritis) with ulcerative colitis. Which of the following describes Crohn's disease?
Its course is prolonged and variable
What is nursing school to me?
Life-Sucking
It is important for the nurse to monitor serum electrolytes in a patient with acute diarrhea. Select the electrolyte result that should be immediately reported.
Potassium of 2.8 mEq/L
When interviewing a client with internal hemorrhoids, what would the nurse expect the client to report?
Rectal bleeding
Which of the following is the most common symptom of a polyp?
Rectal bleeding
A client is recently diagnosed with Crohn's disease and is beginning treatment. What first-line treatment does the nurse expect that the client will be placed on to decrease the inflammatory response?
Sulfasalazine
A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. Which statement best indicates that the disease process is under control?
The client exhibits signs of adequate GI perfusion.
Which is a true statement regarding regional enteritis (Crohn's disease)?
The clusters of ulcers take on a cobblestone appearance.
A nurse is preparing to provide care for a client whose exacerbation of ulcerative colitis has required hospital admission. During an exacerbation of this health problem, the nurse would anticipate that the client's stools will have what characteristics?
Watery with blood and mucus
A nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should mention:
alcohol abuse and smoking.
A client has symptoms suggestive of peritonitis. Nursing management would not include:
limiting analgesics to avoid the formation of paralytic ileus
A typical sign/symptom of appendicitis is:
nausea.
A nurse is performing focused assessment on her clients. She expects to hear hypoactive bowel sounds in a client with:
paralytic ileus.
A client is admitted from the emergency department with complaints of severe abdominal pain and an elevated white blood cell count. The physician diagnoses appendicitis. The nurse knows the client is at greatest risk for:
rupture of the appendix.
A nursing assessment of a client with peritonitis reveals hypotension, tachycardia, and signs and symptoms of dehydration. What else would the nurse expect to find?
severe abdominal pain with direct palpation or rebound tenderness
The nurse is admitting a client whose medication regimen includes regular injections of vitamin B12. The nurse should question the client about a history of:
total gastrectomy.
A client has been brought to the emergency department with abdominal pain and is subsequently diagnosed with appendicitis. The client is scheduled for an appendectomy but questions the nurse about how his health will be affected by the absence of an appendix. How should the nurse best respond?
"Your appendix doesn't play a major role, so you won't notice any difference after your recovery from surgery."
A client has developed an anorectal abscess. Which client is at most risk for the development of this type of abscess?
A client with Crohn's disease
The nurse caring for a client with diverticulitis is preparing to administer the client's medications. The nurse anticipates administration of which category of medication because of the client's diverticulitis?
Antispasmodic
A patient is admitted to the hospital after not having had a bowel movement in several days. The nurse observes the patient is having small liquid stools, a grossly distended abdomen, and abdominal cramping. What complication can this patient develop related to this problem?
Bowel perforation
A patient is suspected to have diverticulosis without symptoms of diverticulitis. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate educating the patient about prior to scheduling?
Colonoscopy
Which characteristic is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?
Familial polyposis
A client asks the nursing assistant for a bedpan. When the client is finished, the nursing assistant notifies the nurse that the client has bright red streaking of blood in the stool. The nurse's assessment should focus on what potential cause?
Hemorrhoids
A nurse is presenting an educational event to a local community group. When speaking about colorectal cancer, what risk factor should the nurse cite?
High levels of alcohol consumption
A client is complaining of problems with constipation. What dietary suggestion can the nurse inform the client may help facilitate the passage of stool?
Increase dietary fiber.
An adult client has been diagnosed with diverticular disease after ongoing challenges with constipation. The client will be treated on an outpatient basis. What components of treatment should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.
Increased fiber intake Reduced fat intake
During a client's scheduled home visit, an older adult client has stated to the community health nurse that she has been experiencing hemorrhoids of increasing severity in recent months. The nurse should recommend which of the following?
Increased fluid and fiber intake
When preparing a client for surgery to treat appendicitis, the nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for infection related to inflammation, perforation, and surgery. What is the rationale for choosing this nursing diagnosis?
Obstruction of the appendix reduces arterial flow, leading to ischemia, inflammation, and rupture of the appendix.
The nurse is conducting a gastrointestinal assessment. When the client reports the presence of mucus and pus in the stool, the nurse assesses for additional signs/symptoms of which disease/condition?
Ulcerative colitis
A nurse is assessing a client and obtains the following findings: abdominal discomfort, mild diarrhea, blood pressure of 100/80 mm Hg, pulse rate of 88 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 20 breaths/minute, temperature 100° F (37.8° C). What diagnosis will the nurse suspect for this client?
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for a suspected gastrointestinal problem. The client reports gnawing epigastric pain following meals and heartburn. What would the nurse suspect this client has?
peptic ulcer disease
A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of acute GI distress, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. Which condition in the family history is most pertinent to the client's current health problem?
Ulcerative colitis
The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests which condition?
Ulcerative colitis
A client has a 10-year history of Crohn's disease and is seeing the physician due to increased diarrhea and fatigue. What is the recommended dietary approach to treat Crohn's disease?
dietary approach varies.
A client reports severe pain and bleeding while having a bowel movement. Upon inspection, the health care provider notes a linear tear in the anal canal tissue. The client is diagnosed with a:
fissure.
A 35-year-old male client presents at the emergency department with symptoms of a small bowel obstruction. In collaboration with the primary provider, what intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Insertion of a nasogastric tube
After teaching a group of students about irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and antidiarrheal agents, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify which of the following as an example of an antidiarrheal agent commonly administered for IBS?
Loperamide
A 16-year-old presents at the emergency department reporting right lower quadrant pain and is subsequently diagnosed with appendicitis. When planning this client's nursing care, the nurse should prioritize what nursing diagnosis?
Risk for Infection Related to Possible Rupture of Appendix
Diet therapy for clients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) includes:
high-fiber diet.
A patient with irritable bowel syndrome has been having more frequent symptoms lately and is not sure what lifestyle changes may have occurred. What suggestion can the nurse provide to identify a trigger for the symptoms?
Keep a 1- to 2-week symptom and food diary to identify food triggers.
The nurse working in the ED is evaluating a client for signs and symptoms of appendicitis. Which of the client's signs/symptoms should the nurse report to the physician?
Nausea
