exam review

An error in judgment would be classified as ___

mistake

Which one of the following notations would be best for representing a process from the perspective of the patient or healthcare professional? Gane-Sarson Yourdon ISO 5807 E-R diagram

ISO 5807 ISO 5807 is well suited for representing the physical or mental tasks or activities required to complete a process, usually from the perspective of the patient or healthcare professional.

The terms poor, average, and good address which aspect of customer service? Degree Appearance Process Expectation

degree

As a result of the IOM's 2001 publication, between 2010 and 2012, EHR adoption rates saw a __________. dramatic decrease dramatic increase slight increase slight decrease

dramatic increase

Currently, when an appointment is set, the head nurse emails the referral information to the administrative assistant and the intern. To streamline the future workflow, the head nurse will record the referral information in the patient's EMR. The EMR system will automatically alert the administrative assistant and the intern to proceed with next steps. Which workflow dimension does this best represent? Time criticality Available technology Communication patterns Event sequence

Available technology

Which of the following is a benefit of an EMPI? -Neither improved efficiency nor improved patient satisfaction - Both improved efficiency and improved patient satisfaction -Improved efficiency Improved patient satisfaction

Both improved efficiency and improved patient satisfaction

Olivia and Malak are discussing the backup strategy for the EHR database of a specialists clinic. Olivia suggests they use CDs to back up the data, but Malak reminds her that they plan to do full backups every night. Why will CDs not work well for this backup strategy? CDs do not have sufficient capacity for the anticipated data. CDs are difficult to restore data from in the event of a failure. CDs are not stable enough to store data for long periods. CDs cannot structure the EHR database properly.

CDs do not have sufficient capacity for the anticipated data.

Which of the following is not an element of HIT quality control? Fiscal responsibility User satisfaction Dependability High-speed operation

High-speed operation

Which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between organizational structures and project management? How an organization is structured has little impact on project management. The role of department and executive managers is basically the same across organizations. The role of the project manager is basically the same across organizations. How projects are implemented varies depending on the organization's structure.

How projects are implemented varies depending on the organization's structure.

Which of the following is a clinical data standard? XML CDER ICD EDI

ICD

Robert is an HIT support specialist for Arural Hospital. One of his customers has a habit of talking at length and loudly when discussing problems with the EHR system components that Robert maintains. Robert feels frustrated with this customer's manner and with what Robert feels is time wasted. However, he waits for a break in the customer's comments and responds in an even tone and polite manner during these conversations. Is his behavior professional or unprofessional? Professional Unprofessional

Professional

Which of the following describes an information system? Receives and processes input and delivers output Processes only data Processes and disseminates data Receives input; processes but does not deliver output

Receives and processes input and delivers output

Which source of conflict is least likely to result in a positive outcome? Process Task Collaborative Relationship

Relationship

Malcolm is about to establish a team to support a database upgrade. What three functions of his team should he identify before starting in order for the team to operate effectively? Information, technology, and performance measurements Procedures, collaboration, and products Resources, processes, and deliverables Team members, communication, and workflow

Resources, processes, and deliverables

Superusers are usually obtained by which of the following methods? Selected from current clinical personnel Hired from a temporary healthcare employment agency Hired as permanent support personnel before the go-live date for a new EHR system Supplied by the EHR vendor

Selected from current clinical personnel

Which of the following is a common criticism of the capitated model? It is more expensive than a fee-for-service model. It is impossible to predict the future health of patients. Sicker patients are denied access to the health plan. Physicians tend to use more expensive treatments.

Sicker patients are denied access to the health plan.

Learning objectives concentrate on which of the following? Student/learner performance General concepts Learning theory Reinforcing what the learner already knows

Student/learner performance

Which of the following is not true? Teams should always keep goals in clear view and use tools to help reach them. Teams can accomplish much more with technology support. Teams should start with the technology before finding ways to use it. Team members have greater responsibility because more information is available to them.

Teams should start with the technology before finding ways to use it.

The main purpose for developing a healthcare organization's IT strategic plan is to support which of the following? The IT department's needs for maintaining and upgrading the organization's infrastructure The communication needs of the healthcare organization and its patients The needs of the business's IT infrastructure The business strategic plan

The business strategic plan

Clinical practice guidelines should use the best available evidence. Which of the following is not one of the considerations when examining the best available evidence? The flexibility of the evidence The level and quality of evidence The relevance of the evidence The strength of the evidence

The flexibility of the evidence

Which of the following descriptions of the healthcare environment creates a challenge for communication? The culture of healthcare is focused on providing high-quality patient care. The pace in the healthcare environment can result in frequent interruptions. The complexity of healthcare requires practitioners to maintain their education. The interconnectedness of health data requires that patient information be shared securely.

The pace in the healthcare environment can result in frequent interruptions.

Which of the following statements characterizes the relationship between a project schedule and a schedule baseline? The project schedule is the actual work completed on a project, whereas the schedule baseline is the approved work plan for a project. The schedule baseline broadly identifies at a high level the work that is necessary to complete the project, whereas the project schedule is a graphical representation of all of the work that must be completed on a project. A project schedule and a schedule baseline are essentially the same thing. The project schedule is the approved work plan for a project, whereas the schedule baseline is the actual work completed on a project.

The project schedule is the actual work completed on a project, whereas the schedule baseline is the approved work plan for a project.

Which of the following best describes public health informatics? -The data-driven formulation of actuarial tables -A research-based approach to public health that facilitates the integration of basic science, clinical research, and clinical practice with the ultimate goal of implementing research findings into routine clinical practice more quickly -Identification of optimal medical treatments for patients in certain populations based on the biological profile of that group -A field that draws from mathematics, information science, and other disciplines to derive from data meaningful information that could point to impacts on the health or safety of populations

A field that draws from mathematics, information science, and other disciplines to derive from data meaningful information that could point to impacts on the health or safety of populations

What is a moral hazard? The possibility of being a victim of a violent crime Damage to an individual's health through alcohol, smoking, drugs, or other activity The consequence of making poor decisions A risk that individuals will behave immorally because insurance or some other agency protects them

A risk that individuals will behave immorally because insurance or some other agency protects them

Which of these steps in conflict resolution helps ensure all participants will cooperate going forward? Call for consensus Review project goals Focus discussion on specific conflict Engage users in resolution process Facilitate discussions Act to implement solution Delineate conflict

Call for consensus

If a medical service, such as an organ transplant, is not in a managed care contract's capitation rate, it may be handled in a separate part of the contract. What is the uncovered service is called? Deductible Fee-for-service Copay Carve-out

Carve-out

Why is communication between the helpdesk and users important? Communication supports the effective use of HIT systems for staff and patients. Clinical users need the helpdesk in order to perform their jobs correctly. Helpdesk staff require user input to keep other HIT staff engaged. Communication is a key responsibility of the helpdesk staff.

Communication supports the effective use of HIT systems for staff and patients.

The daughter of a patient complains because the waiting room at the geriatric clinic is filled with too many people, mostly family members of patients. The woman says she feels overwhelmed and wants to have more quiet space while waiting. The clinic personnel know that her comments reflect a difference in cultures. How might the clinic respond to the complaint in a way that shows respect for her cultural background and the cultural background of other patients? Consider restructuring the space so that family groupings can be accommodated without spilling out over the whole waiting room. Explain to family members that they need to limit the number of people who come with the patient. Post a sign saying that all people in the waiting room need to be aware of the noise level and to keep conversations to a minimum. Explain to the woman that the clinic has little control over the number of people in the waiting room, but if she wishes, she can wait in her car and the receptionist will phone her when it is time for her mother to be seen.

Consider restructuring the space so that family groupings can be accommodated without spilling out over the whole waiting room.

Which of the following costly problems could most likely be lessened or eliminated by health information exchange (HIE) when a patient switches hospitals? Name brand medications Duplicate laboratory tests and medical imaging Use of medical specialists Multiple diagnoses

Duplicate laboratory tests and medical imaging

The Joint Commission (formerly known as JCAHO) accredits which of the following? Entire healthcare organizations Primarily nurses Outpatient healthcare providers Primarily physicians

Entire healthcare organizations

As the use of telehealth and telemedicine increases, so does an HCO's dependence on electronic systems and telecommunication technologies to support these long-distance clinical healthcare applications. Which of the following solutions should AC Hospital use to address this concern in its business continuity plan (BCP)? Service level agreements (SLAs) and vendor testing and training participation External network and network service provider testing HCO executive support and enterprise culture Disk-to-disk (D2D) backups, offsite standby system, virtual system

External network and network service provider testing

You receive an email from your bank stating that you need to change your password for security reasons. What should you do? Ignore it—it is a phishing email. Go to your bank's website and change your password. Click on the link in the email and change your password.

Go to your bank's website and change your password.

Under the HITECH Act, covered entities must maintain a log of breaches and annually report them to __________. local media HHS affected patients

HHD

Which of the following is not true of HIE? HIE can occur locally. HIE involves sharing digitized patient data among health information stakeholders. HIE is an obstacle to achieving interoperability. HIE can occur across great distances.

HIE is an obstacle to achieving interoperability.

When AC Hospital installs a network firewall in response to an identified risk, this __________ is designed to mitigate risk or address a breach event should one occur. HIT contingency plan business plan HIT security control

HIT security control

Alicia has been receiving cancer treatment at the Cancer Clinic with Dr. Gupta, who has a certified EHR system that connects to a state-run health information exchange (HIE). Now Alicia is moving to another city in the same state. She wants information about her treatment to be shared with her new physician. What would make it possible for her new physician's EHR system and Dr. Gupta's system to easily share her records electronically? If the system at the new clinic has a certified EHR that connects to the state-run HIE, the clinics can easily share data. The new physician's system must have a clinical decision support system (CDSS) to share her data. If both clinics have EHR systems, that is sufficient. The new system needs to be able to accept an electronic signature from Alicia, releasing her records.

If the system at the new clinic has a certified EHR that connects to the state-run HIE, the clinics can easily share data.

Health information management (HIM) professionals should become leaders in adopting health information standards that enable the movement of electronic health information to where and when it is needed to support individual healthcare needs and population-oriented uses. What does this refer to? Real-time availability Data mining Evidence-based medicine Information interoperability

Information interoperability

What is the name of a software interface that allows disparate clinical or business systems to connect more efficiently by translating, decoding, and recoding information from each system? Data standard Interface engine Identifier standards HL7

Interface engine

Chris complained to Dr. Wilson about months of frequent abdominal pain and discomfort in association with frequent diarrhea, bloating, and a change in bowel habits. From this information, Dr. Wilson has decided on a multiple-symptom-based diagnosis for Chris's condition, even though there is no known cause for it. Which one of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis based on the information provided? Irritable bowel syndrome Colon cancer Salmonellosis HIV

Irritable bowel syndrome

The hospital where Jane manages the HIT department is implementing a new EHR system and is considering using a big bang approach. Jane believes the system should first be piloted in one department. Which of the following reasons is most compelling for pilot testing? Employees will balk if they all have to move to the new system at the same time. Performing a full-scale deployment will disrupt the hospital's interaction with patients. It is designed to catch costly errors before they are magnified through full deployment. Pilot testing can help the hospital avoid downtime.

It is designed to catch costly errors before they are magnified through full deployment.

Which of the following refers to operations a user or piece of software normally does not perform but are indicative of malware behavior? Antivirus signature Malicious activity On-access scanning Firewall filtering

Malicious activity

hich of the following best describes personalized medicine? -Medical treatment that is customized on the basis of the biological profile of the individual, such as a person's genetic profile - -A research-based approach to medicine that facilitates the integration of basic science, clinical research, and clinical practice with the ultimate goal of implementing research findings into routine clinical practice more quickly -An approach to healthcare in which one provider attends to all of the patient's needs -A field that draws from mathematics, information science, and other disciplines to derive from data meaningful information that could point to impacts on the health or safety of populations

Medical treatment that is customized on the basis of the biological profile of the individual, such as a person's genetic profile

Which of the following established health IT certification criteria? Accredited testing laboratories (ATLs) ONC-authorized certification bodies (ACBs) Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC), a department of Health and Human Services

Office of the National Coordinator for Health InformationTechnology (ONC)

Read this scenario and answer the question that follows. Here is a brief summary of some of the observations made during a workflow analysis at Midtown Clinic. In addition to other duties, the medical assistant handles physicians' requests for medications for their patients and records them in the patients' paper file. Some of the clinic's patients are prescribed a new medication during their visit with a physician. Patients can have the clinic electronically order a medication from the patient's pharmacy, or they can receive a written prescription that they physically deliver to their pharmacy. If a patient needs a prescription refilled, the clinic calls the pharmacy and requests the refill on the patient's behalf. A note documenting the refill is made in the patient's file. Free samples are sometimes provided to patients who have no insurance or when the efficacy of the medication is uncertain, and a note is made in the patient's file. In some circumstances, such as for patients who travel routinely between two locations, the clinic will send a medication order to multiple pharmacies. In such cases, the clinic requests partial fills, and a note is made in the patient's file. Some pharmacies are unable to process orders for compound medications. In these cases, the clinic cancels the order, and the physician considers alternative treatments that may require a different medication altogether. Which of the following items from the scenario is the most inefficient and thus presents the greatest opportunity for improvement? Writing paper orders for some patients Sending electronic orders for some patients Calling in refills Ordering partial fills of the same medication for same patient

Ordering partial fills of the same medication for samepatient

Which of the following are examples of functionality that supports authentication, access control features, and automatic log-off? Reducing health disparities Facilitating health information exchange Privacy and security

Privacy and security

A rural fire department often provides first response to health-related emergencies and, in some communities, may be asked to respond to and recover individuals with healthcare issues in fairly remote locations. The fire chief was asked if he would be willing to commit some of his communication budget to new mobile technology to support communication with those first responders in the field and their healthcare counterparts at the regional hospital. Why might the fire chief decline to update to the new technology? Firefighters are outside the healthcare system and do not use health IT. HIT solutions are an expensive solution to communication issues. New technology would have a limited application or use in this region. The region may not have sufficient network infrastructure to support these tools.

The region may not have sufficient network infrastructure to support these tools.

The Cooper Heart Equipment Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, builds equipment used in the operating rooms of hospitals in many countries. Recently, the company decided to expand by building a new plant in South Korea. As part of the effort, the company president suggests that all personnel take diversity training. The company vice president argues that cultural training would be more appropriate. Which person would you agree with and why? The vice president, because it is important for non-Korean staff to learn how to speak Korean so all employees can better communicate with one another The president, because diversity training would avoid singling out anyone of Korean descent The president, because diversity training would take in all of the cultures within the company The vice president, because cultural training would focus on understanding the culture of South Korea

The vice president, because cultural training would focus on understanding the culture of South Korea

If you were lobbying for more funding for your state public health informaticians, which of the following would you cite as an example of their value? Their data surveillance activities can alert the public to bioterrorism attacks. They can assist physicians with their EHR systems. They can provide insurance companies with useful population health data. Because they are university employees, their work can contribute to higher education initiatives.

Their data surveillance activities can alert the public to bioterrorism attacks.

What is the most important reason to keep healthcare servers in a protected and secure area? -They are critical to the operation of EHR systems. -They are quite expensive and subject to theft. -The hardware is extremely sensitive to moisture and sunlight and is subject to damage. They contain large amounts of private medical data that must be protected from theft.

They are critical to the operation of EHR systems.

National Health Systems, a large network of hospitals, is implementing a new EHR system that will radically change the way its employees work. As part of this implementation, the organization is requiring all of its employees, including managers, to take a seminar in change management. The goal of the seminar is to acknowledge any anxieties that employees have about the change and to motivate them to embrace the new system. Which of the following total quality management (TQM) elements is most at work with regard to this seminar? Quality assurance Total participation Planning process Quality control

Total participation

True or false? A small physician practice subscribes to an EMR that is maintained by a cloud vendor. Each physician, nurse, and administrator in the practice has either a laptop or a smartphone that provides access to the EMR. This physician practice is using cloud computing. True False

True

You are a physician at a private clinic and have requested laboratory results for a patient. How will you most likely receive those results? Via the laboratory information system (LIS) Via telephone Via fax Via the EHR

Via fax

Joanna Antonelli is a registered nurse with a heavy patient load. She rates the nursing tasks that she performs as time pressured, frustrating, and mentally and physically challenging. She does not feel that she always gives the patients the care they need. She hands off her patients at shift change to Rita Sanchez who seems to breeze through her tasks with minimal problems. To what can we attribute these differences? Rita may be more physically fit and able to better handle the stresses of the various tasks. Rita works nights when it is quieter and the work is easier. What Joanna perceives as difficult Rita perceives as relatively routine and easy. Rita is a more confident individual.

What Joanna perceives as difficult Rita perceives as relatively routine and easy.

Windy Valley Hospital is a small critical access hospital (CAH) that is looking at installing an EHR system that will meet meaningful use requirements. The HITECH Act includes provisions to help hospitals like Windy Valley. Which of the following describes the assistance provided? Windy Valley Hospital can make use of a regional extension center for guidance with the selection and implementation of the EHR system. The HITECH Act authorizes incentive payments for all of the physicians participating in the hospital's adoption of the EHR system. Windy Valley Hospital can receive multiple grants to assist in the cost of the installation. Under the HITECH Act, Windy Valley Hospital can implement additional technology to supplement its new EHR system

Windy Valley Hospital can make use of a regional extension center for guidance with the selection and implementation of the EHR system.

___ is an adaptable language used to create common information formats to share both the data and format.

XML

The administration of Heartland Hospital has learned of an increasing number of residents from Ethiopia in the town's population. Consequently, the hospital is considering several options to improve services for that group. Would hiring more employees who are from Ethiopia make sense in terms of cultural competency? No, because the patients are there to receive care, and a diverse caregiving population is not necessary for that purpose. Yes, because a diverse employee group will help patients feel comfortable in the hospital environment.

Yes, because a diverse employee group will help patients feel comfortable in the hospital environment.

The best way to use future-state workflows as training materials is __________ EHR deployment. after during before

after

Arural Hospital will complicate its EHR contract negotiation efforts if it chooses the __________. single-vendor solution best-of-breed solution

best-of-breed solution The best-of-breed approach means the HCO will need to engage in contract negotiations with multiple vendors. Each vendor will probably have a somewhat unique contract template.

Which of these steps in conflict resolution allows each participant to present his or her ideas for solutions to the problem? Delineate conflict Call for consensus Focus discussion on specific conflict Engage users in resolution process Facilitate discussions Act to implement solution Review project goals

engaging users Engaging users is critical to conflict resolution. The specialist must ensure each participant has an opportunity to offer ideas and suggestions. Even if a participant's ideas are not used, the participant will know he or she has been heard, and that is halfway to acceptance of the outcome

True or false? Administrative activities, fraud and abuse investigations, and health insurance policy underwriting are not covered by the HIPAA Privacy Rule.

false

True or false? Errors in judgment are classified as slips.

false

True or false? One of the fundamental ways that cognitive intelligence is distinguished from emotional intelligence is that cognitive intelligence involves problem solving and emotional intelligence does not.

false

True or false? One of the main advantages of a functional organization is its flexibility.

false

True or false? Providing patients with a copy of their paper health record poses a security safeguard challenge because the data must be encrypted.

false

True or false? The IT strategic planning committee is designated in the plan development phase.

false

Urgent care centers have little effect on the growing trend for uninsured patients to choose emergency departments for primary care. True False

false

True or false? A process inventory should not include variations.

false A process inventory should include any variations and exceptions to the process.

True or false? Bias can be a contributing factor to rule-based mistakes.

false Bias is a contributing factor to knowledge-based mistakes.

True or false? The Institute of Medicine recommends that EHR servers have results management capability so that the system can produce reports regarding the effect of the EHR implementation on patient outcomes. True False

false Correct. Results management capability is enabled by software that manages laboratory, radiology, and other results that come into the EHR to ensure they are seen and appropriately addressed by the clinician as part of patient treatment rather than reporting.

True or false? When Arural Hospital approaches its risk management program, its risk assessment process, traditional access and authentication controls, controls to ensure system availability, strategic plans for security, security controls, and HIT contingency plans, its efforts should be similar in nature and proportion to those of a typical business outside the healthcare arena.

false Risk management and all of the associated security policies, controls, and plans for Arural Hospital must be customized to address the unique elements of security required to ensure adherence to government regulations, patient safety, quality of healthcare, and patient data security. Although these policies share much in common with other businesses, they must be uniquely robust to address the criticality of system availability and the need for patient data privacy and confidentiality.

True or false? Because the ADT system tracks only admission, discharge, and transfer, it is not usually necessary for this system to be fully interfaced with the other clinical systems. True False

false The ADT system should be fully interfaced with other hospital systems, including clinical systems, because data from those systems have a direct bearing on the admission, discharge, or transfer status of a patient.

True or false? It is important to think of a conceptual model as something separated from the users.

false although not specifically focused on the users, a conceptual model is intended to help users learn how to use the product.

Computer systems such as the electronic health record (EHR) system already support public health efforts in the United States. These systems are considered to be part of public health __________. data analysis infrastructure training data collection

infrastructure

Chris Carter has a doctoral degree in life sciences and has done a considerable amount of additional advanced study. He works for a regional organ bank. He reads patient laboratory reports and researches patient medical history. He carefully reviews donor information to determine the suitability of an organ match for a patient. Chris' job entails many tasks that would be classified as demanding on which of the NASA Task Load Index subscales? Mental Temporal Performance Frustration

mental

__________ describes specific data as a whole rather than by its individual components, or bits of information. A data set Metadata A data dictionary

metadata

The technical nonfunctional requirement that defines how well the system works for the user in measurable degrees is called __________. security scalability usability performance

performance

A/an __________ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service. operation program project

project

The statement "The EHR system will have redundant backups allowing for 99.5 percent uptime" represents a technical nonfunctional requirement called __________. reliability system requirements legal/regulatory supportability

reliability

Which of the three EHR system selection strategies is used by the most US hospitals? Best of suite Single vendor Best of breed

single vendor

Which of the following represents a healthcare organization (HCO) where staff members often have multiple roles and responsibilities and contextual norms tend to be informal and flexible? Small clinic Hospital Public health agency

small clinic

When tasks must be completed in a certain order, they are usually regarded as __________ in a procedure. steps processes activities

steps

Which type of planning is done by lower managers? Strategic planning Tactical planning

tactical planning

What is described by the following statement? This small group is composed of individuals whose skills complement one another. All are committed to the same purpose, common goals, and mutually agreed-upon approach to accomplish those goals. Team Working group

team

Privacy and security of health data, combined with new __________, have put the concept of health information exchange (HIE) at the forefront of healthcare industry trends. treatments technologies regulations

technologies

Random access memory (RAM) is __________. permanent storage secondary storage temporary storage

temporary storage

The ___ symbol is used to represent both the beginning and the end of a process. Here, "greet patient" is the beginning of this process.

terminator

Secondary care organizations are often hospitals. True False

true

True or false? A number of factors, including size, complexity, and process maturity, can influence how much time it will take to elicit the information needed to complete requirements.

true

True or false? A properly written learning objective could declare how many consecutive observations of the learner's behavior will constitute mastery.

true

True or false? Common workflow and technical issues may need to be resolved even after users have become acclimated to the new system.

true

True or false? Errors in healthcare typically result from a combination of imperfect and complex factors occurring at the same time rather than from a single, simple cause.

true

True or false? Individual Microsoft Office documents can be encrypted using a shared-secret key from within the application (such as Word or Excel).

true

True or false? Regarding prevention of failure, the intent and standardization phase attempts to prevent the effects of clinician distraction and interruption.

true

True or false? The IT strategic planning process is a highly iterative process.

true

True or false? The contract should include service level agreement (SLA) terms and conditions for each EHR system requirement with a definition of how the requirement will be measured.

true

True or false? The primary difference between ethics and codified law is that an action can be judged to be unethical even when the action is legal.

true

True or false? The project management plan guides the project's implementation, though it can be updated at any time to reflect changes made to the project.

true

True or false? The successful healthcare workflow redesign specialist has at least a basic understanding of data systems and clinical workflow.

true

Information systems help support the business operations of a healthcare organization in all of the following ways except managing admission and discharge of patients. uniquely identifying each patient. settling with third-party payers. recording charges to a patient's account.

uniquely identifying each patient.

Important best practices for managing files include each of the following except __________. upgrading RAM when file sizes change compressing file and defragmenting disk drives regularly deleting or archiving files no longer needed backing up files often

upgrading RAM when file sizes change