EXAM S2: chemistry (exam & test questions)

(ch. 19) HCl: ______________ acid

hydrochloric STRONG

HI: _____________ acid

hydroiodic STRONG

H2CO: ___________ acid

hypocarbonous weak

if a gas that is confined in a rigid container is heated, the pressure of the gas will....

increase (Temp↑Pressure↑) direct

a given mass of gas in a rigid container is heated from 0°C to 273°C. which of the following best describes what will happen to the pressure of the gas? the pressure will...

increase by a factor of 2

what does the statement that an automobile tire has a gauge pressure of 28psi mean?

it means the relative pressure in the tire is 28psi and the actual pressure in the tire is 28psi + atmospheric pressure.

the reaction A + B2 + C --> D is first order in A, zero order in B2 and second order in C. the rate law for the reaction is R =

k [A]^1[C]²

at a given temperature, gaseous ammonia molecules (NH3) have a velocity that is ____ gaseous sulfur dioxide molecules (SO2).

less than

what is the molecular geometry of a CO2 molecule

linear

find the mass, protons, neutrons and electrons in Al+3

mass: 27 protons: 13 neutrons: 14 electrons: 10 (subtract 3 from proton # because of the +3 next to Al) *ALWAYS DO THE OPPOSITE OPERATION* proton # never changes

find the mass, protons, neutrons and electrons in He

mass: 4 (given on periodic table) protons: 2 (the element's atomic number) neutrons: 2 (the element's mass - # of protons) electrons: 2 (same as # of protons)

HNO2: ________________ acid

nitrous weak

+∆G

nonspontaneous rxn

the electron cloud when it looks like a peanut would occupy _____ electrons

p

HClO4: ___________ acid

perchloric STRONG

bronsted-lowry base

proton acceptor in an acid-base reactoin

bronsted-lowry acid

proton donor in acid-base reaction

four valence electrons of an atom in the ground state would occupy the

s & p sublevels only

-∆G

spontaneous rxn

arrhenius base

substance that contains OH- (hydroxide ion) and produces OH- in aqueous solutions

which name correctly represents a monatomic ion?

sulfide

H2SO4: _______________ acid

sulfuric STRONG

which statement best explains why a confined gas exerts pressure?

the molecules collide with the container walls

which statement correctly describes the trend of electronegativity values in the periodic table?

the values decrease DOWN a group and increase to the RIGHT within a period

if ∆H and ∆S are both negative or positive, then ∆G has a ____ sign.

variable

lithium has two isotopes. 6Li (6.015 amu; relative abundance = 7.500%) and 7Li (7.016 amu). calculate the average atomic mass for lithium.

(6.015)(.075) + (7.016)(.925) = 6.941 amu

the correct lewis symbol for ground state carbon is

** *C*

the coldest possible temperature of a gas is at absolute zero (-459.4°F). which temperature represents absolute zero?

-273°C (the -459.4°F is irrelevant and can't be used. absolute zero = 0 K. C = K - 273)

the molecule BeF2 has how many lone pairs of electrons on the central atom?

0

a sample of oxygen gas at 27°C and 0.50atmospheres pressure occupied a volume of 492mL. how many moles of the gas are there in this sample?

0.010

a pure silver coin has a mass of 21.6g the number of moles of silver in a single coin is

0.0200moles

(ch. 4-6) what wavelength corresponds to a frequency of 8.22 x 10^9 Hz?

0.0365m

a sample of gas occupies 30.0L at 0.800 atm and 298K. how many moles of gas are in the sample?

0.981

at one mole of hydrogen, H2, occupies 61.2L at (use card)

100°C and .500atm

the chemical conditions of STANDARD TEMPERATURE and PRESSURE (STP) are best described as:

14.7 psi and 0°C

a mixture of gases at 810 kPa pressure contains: 3.0 moles oxygen gas 2.0 moles of helium gas 4.0 moles of carbon dioxide gas what is the partial pressure of helium gas, PHe?

180kPa

which is the correct electron configuration for an atom in the EXCITED STATE?

1s²2p^1

the correct electron configuration for nitrogen (GROUND STATES) is

1s²2s²2p^3

how many electrons are AVAILABLE in the lewis structure of the nitrate ion. NO3-?

24

(ch. 18) the reaction A + B2 + C --> D is first order in A, zero order in B2 and second order in C. the overall order of the reaction is:

3 (A1, B0, C2) 1+ 2 = 3

what is the NEEDED number of electrons in the lewis structure of BI3

30

a 31.0 mL sample of gas is collected at a temperature of 37°C and pressure of 720mmHg. what is its volume at 17°C and 580mmHg? (use card)

36 mL

which quantity contains the GREATEST number of sulfur atoms?

4 Al2S3

how many orbitals make up the 3d sub-shell?

5

what is the pressure exerted by some nitrogen collected over water on a day when the water temperature is 18.0°C and the room pressure is 750.0 mmHg? (the partial pressure of water at 18°C is 15.5 mmHg)

734.5 mmHg

1.20 atm is the same pressure as ____ in mmHg (use card)

912 mmHg

(ch. 14) a pressure of 745 mmHg corresponds to ___ kPa (use card)

99.3 kPa

be able to draw lewis structures, determine the molecular geometry (AXE notation and shape) and determine the polarity.

:)

what is the molecular geometry (AXE notation) of a water molecule?

AX2E2

which of the following compounds is not correctly paired with its molar mass?

Al2O3 - 122.0

the reaction A + B2 + C --> D is first order in A, zero order in B2 and second order in C. which reactant will NOT directly affect the Rate?

B2

the general formula for straight chain alkanes

C(n)H(2n+2)

2 C atoms

C2H6

6 C atoms

C6H14

chemistry prayer

Christ has empowered me individually to study this tough, rigorous year-long subject

which equation represents a reaction classified as a "single replacement" reaction? Cu + Zn(NO3)2 --> Cu(NO3)2 + Zn

Cu + Zn(NO3)2 --> Cu(NO3)2 + Zn

potassium forms as an ion with a charge of...

a. +1 by losing one electron

in the compound, Pb(NO3)2, the charge on lead is

a. +2

how many mols of amonum chloride are produced when 3 mols of HCl are used up according to the equation 2Al + 6Hcl --> 2AlC3 +3H2

a. 1

four samples were weighed using three different balances (all are as accurate as the precision below indicates) the masses are 0.94kg, 58.2g, 1.55g and 250mg. the total mass should be reported as

a. 1.0 x 10^3

chlorine is a green-ish yellow gas. what volume would a 3.55g sample of Cl2 occupy at STP?

a. 1.12L

what is the coefficient in front of O2 when the equation is balanced using the smallest whole numbers.

a. 11

how many grams of H20 will be formed when 16.0g H2 is allowed to react with 16.0g O2 according to

a. 18.0g

you measure the density of a slab of lead as 11.10g/mL. the accepted value is 11.34g/mL. the percent error for the following measurement is [% error = (|actual| - theoretical) / theoretical x 100%]

a. 2.1%

the percent of carbon in CO2 is

a. 27.3%

which temperature represents standard temperature a(0 degrees C)?

a. 273K

in which pair of atoms do both nuclei contain the same number of NEUTRONS? a. 40Ca & 38Ar b. 14N & 16O c. 40K & 40Cl d. 7Li and 9Be

a. 40Ca & 38ar

blue light has a wavelength of about 440nm. a. what is its frequency? b. calculate the energy of one photon of blue light

a. 6.8 x 10^14 Hz b. E = 4.5 x 10^-19 J

calculate the number of atoms in 4.0 x 10^-5 of aluminum

a. 8.9 x 10^17

which of the following atoms has the greatest nuclear charge (number of p+)? a. Ar b. Si c. Al d. Na

a. Ar

which of the following is a metaloid? a. As b. Ag c. S d. Pb e. He

a. As

which atom is correctly paired to its correct number of valence electrons? a. Boron - 3 b. Helium - 4 c. Tin - 6 d. Arsenic - 5

a. Boron - 3

which is the correct formula for iron (II) carbonate?

a. FeCO3

which of the following forms a -2 ion?

a. S

which one of the following elements has 3 electrons in a p sub-shell? a. Sb b. Na c. Sc d. V e. Nd

a. Sb

the fact that the reactants in any balanced equation have the same mass as the products in that balanced equation is explained by which of the following conservation laws?

a. law of conservation of mass

name each alkane for the given molecular formula a. C3H8 b. C5H12 c. C8H16

a. protane b. pentane c. octane (the number next to the C)

when a pure solid substance was heated, a student obtained another solid and gas, each of which was a pure substance- from this information, which of the following statement is always a correct conclusion? a. the original solid is not an element b. both products are elements c. the original solid is a compound and the gas is an element d. the original solid is an element and the gas is a compound e. both products are compounds

a. the original solid is not an element

KNOW THE POTENTIAL ENERGY DIAGRAM (PE diagram)

activation energy, heat of reaction, delta H

what are SATURATED hydrocarbons?

alkanes

which particle has a mass that is approximately 1/1840 of the mass of a proton?

an electron

what position on the standing wave shown below corresponds to a TROUGH?

D (bottom of the wave)

what is the relationship between the energy of a photon of light and its frequency?

E = hv

how many individual molecules are in 57.2g of oxygen gas, O2?

b. 1.08 * 10^24

the mass of H2O formed when 10.0g of methane, CH4, reacts with 25.0g of oxygen, O2. CH4 + 2O2 --> CO2 + 2H2O

b. 14.1

which set of coefficients balances the equation, NH4CL + Ca(OH)2 --> NH3 + H2O + CaCl2?

b. 2 : 1 : 2 : 2 : 1

consider the reaction N2 + 3H2 --> 2NH3. what would remain after the reaction of 9mols of N2 and 9mols of H2.

b. 6 mols of NH3 and 6mols of N2

liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of -196°C. this corresponds to.. a. -469K b. 77K c. 153K d. 469K (use card)

b. 77K

the result of 2.350 x 4.10 is

b. 9.64

(ch. 7) which of the atoms below is least likely to be an exception to the octet rule> a. Be b. C c. B d. H

b. C

which pair of anions both end in "-ate"

b. CO(^-2)3 and NO(^-1)3

when H2SO4 and Ba(OH)2 are reacted in a double replacement reaction, one of the products of the reaction is

b. H2O

which of the following chemical formulas is not an empirical formula

b. H2O2

which formula represents a binary acid

b. H2S

which formula represents hydrolodic acid (a binary acid)

b. HI (aq)

the correct formula for dinitrogen tetroxide is

b. N2O4

the empirical formula of a compound is NO2. the molar mass of the compound is 92.0 g/mol. what is the molecular formula

b. N2O4

which of the following is a d-block metal a. Cl b. Ni c. P d. Ca e. C

b. Ni

which of these elements is not diatomic

b. aluminum

(ch. 17) which of the following represents an increase in entropy? a. freezing of water b. boiling of water c. the reaction 2NO --> N2O2 d. the reaction 2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O

b. boiling of water (an increase of entropy is an increase of disorder)

a solution of saltwater may be defined as a

b. homogeneous mixture

which is the correct home for the compound whose formula is FeS

b. iron (II) sulfide

the limiting reactant in the reaction is CH4 + 2O2 --> CO2 + 2H2O

b. oxygen

which period contains three elements that exist as DIATOMIC molecules?

b. period 2

which process represents a physical change?

b. pulverizing an aspirin

which of the following is a physical change

b. recycling aluminum

as an S atom gains electrons to become an S-² ion, the number of protons in its nucleus: a. increases b. stays the same c. decreases

b. stays the same

how would the following reaction be classified?

b. synthesis

what is the molecular geometry of an H2O molecule?

bent

which measurement below is not written with 3 significant digits? a. 2.00 cm b. 550. g c. 0.003 L d. 0.00733

c. 0.0031

a sealed container holds 3 gases with a TOTAL PRESSURE (Pt) of 2.56 atm. the partial pressure of the first and second gases are 0.78atm and 1.29atm, respectively. the partial pressure of the third gas is

c. 0.49atm

a compound consists of the following elements by weight percent carbon- 40.0% oxygen- 53.3% hydrogen- 6.7% the ratio of carbon : oxygen : hdryogen in the empirical formula is

c. 1 : 1 : 2

classify each observation as a physical or chemical property and tally them observation 1234

c. 1 chemical property and 3 physical properties

if X is the symbol of an element, which pair correctly represents isotopes of X? a. 158(64)X and 158(65)X b. 64(158)X and 158(64)X c. 158(64)X and 158(64)X d. 158(64)X and 159(64)X

c. 158(64)X and 158(64)X the number outside the parenthesis cannot be the same the number inside the parenthesis must be the same

during the reaction Cu + 2AgNO3 --> 2Ag + Ca(NO3)2 6.35g of Cu reacts with 33.98g of AgNO3 to produce 18.75g of Cu(NO3)2 according to the Law of Conservation of Mass, what mass of Ag is produced

c. 21.58g

what is the percent nitrogen (by mass) in ammonium carbonate (NH4)2OC3 ?

c. 29.16%

how many significant digits are present in the temperature read from the thermometer illustrated at the right? (27.5)

c. 3

the hypothetical reaction: A(g) + 2B(g) --> AB2(g) occurred at STP. if 1.75mols of the product was formed, what was the volume of AB2?

c. 39.2L

how many seconds are there in 7.000 x 10^-3

c. 4234s

the reaction of 25.0g benezone, C6H6, with excess HNO3 resulted in 21.4g C6H5NO2. what is the percentage yield? (% yield = actual / theoretical x 100%) C6H6 + HNO3 --> C6H5NO2 + H20

c. 54.3%

balance the following equation with the smallest whole number coefficients possible. select the number that is the sum of the coefficient in the balanced equation __C3H8 + __O2 --> __CO2 + __H2O

c. 7

the number 7.33 x 10^3 =

c. 7330

a single replacement reaction will occur when

c. Al and H2SO4

what is the formula of the ionic compound formed between calcium and phosphate

c. Ca3(PO4)2

which of the following is a polar molecule? a. CO2 b. PCl5 c. H2O d. TeCl4 e. CCl4

c. H2O

for the reaction 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 + Cl2 --> 2K MnO4 + 2KCl + 2H2O there is 100. g of each reactant available. which reactant is the limiting reactant?

c. KOH

what is the formula of the ionic compound formed between Mg and Br

c. MgBr2

the electron configuration of the indicated atom in the ground state is correctly written for which atom? a. Ga - [Ar]3d^12 4s² b. Ni - [Ar]3d^10 c. Ni - [Ar]4s²3d^8 d. Zn - [Ar]3d^104s^1

c. Ni - [Ar]4s²3d^8

which of the following bonds is most polar? a. N - Cl b. C - N c. S - F d. Br - Br e. S - O

c. S - F

a compound is 50% sulfur and 50% oxygen by mass. what is the empirical formula (simplest formula) of this compound?

c. SO2

which of the following gas laws represents a DIRECT relationship? a. ideal gas law b. dalton's law of partial pressure c. charles' law d. boyle's law

c. charles law

which of these ions is correctly named or written?

c. chromate, Cr+3

which one of the following elements is correctly matched with its symbol? a. Ag- gold b. Fl- fluorine c. H- helium d. Ni- nickel e. Mg- manganese

c. h-helium

a student is planning a science fair project called "does temperature affect how high a basketball can bounce?" based on the project title, the DEPENDENT variable in the experiment would be

c. height of the balls bounce

which one of the following is NOT a proper unit for frequency? a. Hz b. s^-1 c. m*s^-1 d. 1/sec

c. m*s^-1

all of the following are pure substances except:

c. saltwater

compared to the entire atom, the nucleus of the atom is: a. larger and contains most of the atom's mass b. smaller and contains little of the atom's mass c. smaller and contains most of the atom's mass d. larger and contains little of the atom's mass

c. smaller and contains most of the atom's mass (the nucleus is DENSE)

CH4 gas and O2 gas are together in a container. which statement correctly describes the velocities of the two molecules? a. the two molecules have the same velocity b. the CH4 is moving twice as fast as the O2 c. the CH4 is moving faster, but not twice as fast as the O2 d. the O2 is moving faster than the CH4

c. the CH4 is moving faster, but not twice as fast as the O2

arrhenius acid

chemical compound that contains hydrogen ions and produces H+

which term represents an intensive property

color

(ch. 22) what are hydrocarbons?

compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon

what is an isomer?

compounds with the same molecular formula bu different structural formulas

the symbol [ ] represents

concentration

a volume of 362mL is the same measurement as

d. 0.00362L

the prefix "kilo-" corresponds to what multiplication factor? a. 10^-6 b. 10^-3 c. 10^1 d. 10^3 e. 10^6

d. 10^3

the molar mass of Al2S3 is closest to

d. 150.3 g

a radio station transmits at 110MHz (1 x 10^6 Hz = 1MHz). what wavelength is this radio wave?

d. 2.73m

how many grams of Fe3O4 are formed when 6.00g of O2 react with Fe according to

d. 21.7

which of the following measurements is written with four significant figures?

d. 8.000s

which of the following forms a +3 ion? a. Mg b. Kr c. K d. Al e. H

d. Al

the synthesis reaction between potassium and sulfur would produce

d. K2S

the compound tin (IV) cholrate has the formula

d. Sn(ClO3)4

which compound has a SHARED number of electrons equal to 6 in the lewis structure

H2O

which formula represents a POLAR compound with POLAR bonds?

H2O

the reaction A + B2 + C --> D is first order in A, zero order in B2 and second order in C. the unit for the rate constant (k) measured in seconds,

M^-2 s^-1

a certain reaction is fourth order overall. the units for the rate constant would be (time measured in seconds)

M^-3 s^-1 (subtract 1 from the over all order. s always stays -1)

which molecule contains a TRIPLE bond in the lewis structure?

N2

for a gas, which pair of variables are inversely (indirectly) proportional to each other (if all other factors remain constant)?

P, V

the reaction A + B2 + C --> D is first order in A, zero order in B2 and second order in C. when the [A] is increased from 0.10M to 0.20M with the [B2] and [C] remaining the same, the effect on the reaction rate (R) would be:

R would increase by a factor of 2

the marks of the following target represent someone who is

d. neither accurate nor precise

when is it acceptable to eat in a chemistry lab?

d. never

the correct name for the OXYACIDS, HClO4 is

d. perchloric acid

which chemical name correctly identifies the formula H2SO4(aq)

d. sulfuric acid

which is not a correctly paired SI unit expression?

d. temperature - Fahrenheit

which process is an example of a chemical change

d. the burning of magnesium metal

all of the following are characteristic properties of phosphorous. which one is a chemical property? a. both red phosphorous and white phosphorous exist in solid forms b. the red form melts at 660 degrees C and the white form melts at about 44degrees celcius c. the white form is soluble in liquid carbon disulfide, but in insoluble in water d. when exposed to air, white phosphorous will burn spontaneously, but red phosphorous will not

d. when exposed to air, white phosphorous will burn spontaneously, but red phosphorous will not

the number of significant digits in 0.30500 is

e. 5

the dimensions of a rectangle solid are 8.00cm long, 4.00cm wide and 2.00 cm high. If the density of the solid is 10.0g/cm^3, what is its mass? (D = M/V)

e. 640. grams

what is the formula of the ionic compound formed between Ca and P?

e. Ca3P2

which of the following does NOT affect the rate of a chemical reaction? a. decrease surface area b. add a catalyst c. increase the concentration of a reactant d. increase the temperature of the reaction e. increase the time allowed for the reaction to occur

e. increase the time allowed for the reaction to occur

which of the following is a nonmetal

e. iodine

∆H

enthalpy change entHalpy

∆S

entropy change