EXSC 416 MIDTERM

Which of the following historical statements would lead you to suspect a meniscal tear as opposed to patellofemoral pain?

"I'm a softball catcher, and i can't get into my squat without pain."

Which of the following are functions of the knee menisci:

A) Increase joint stability B) absorb shock C) distribute shock

The anatomical reasons for the anatomical predisposition to lateral sprains include:

A) Lateral Malleolus is further anterior compared to medial malleolus B) lateral malleolus extends further distally F)inversion ROM is greater than eversion

Select all of the structures in the anterior compartment of the lower leg.

A) extensor hallucis longus B) deep peroneal nerve F) anterior tibialis

The term crepitus that is used to indicated hard grinding on bone within a joint would be associated with which of the following structures or pathologies?

A) talus fracture B) OC-dissecans C) hallux valgus rigidus E) OC defect

Which of the following ligaments of the knee restricts anterior movement of the tibia on the femur?

ACL

Of the following, which is reasonable to suspect with the presence of a bloody effusion in the knee that has a rapid onset following injury?

ACL sprain

Choose all of the possible long term bony pathologies commonly associated with an ACL deficient knee.

B) arthritis E) OCD G) hyaline cartilage damage

You suspect that a patient has an acute anterior compartment syndrome. Which of the following signs would lead you to this conclusion?

B) decreased toe extension E) decreased dorsiflexion strength

Which of the following is a type of sprain that results from forceful external rotation of the ankle?

B) syndeesmotic C) deltoid

What test is used to evaluate the lateral translation of the talus in the ankle mortise?

Cotton Test A positive cotton test is indicative of a distal tibiofibular syndesmosis sprain

The main bearer of weight in the foot especially during running gait is the ray between:

First cuneiform and first phalange

A basketball player cuts to get the ball and hears and feels a "pop" deep in his knee. Which test may be used to define the player's injury.

LAchman Test

Which of the following is a symptom of a meniscus tear?

Locking of the knee

A condition in which nerves are entrapped between the 3rd-4th metatarsal heads producing swelling with radiating pain distally is called:

Morton's neuroma

The implications of this test indicates an painful or snapping IT Band.

Noble's test

Which of the following is a risk factor that makes female more susceptible to ACL injury?

Quadriceps dominance

Which test, if positive, indicates a torn posterior cruciate ligament?

Sag sign

You suspect that a patient has an acute anterior compartment syndrome. Which of the following signs would lead you to this conclusion?

absent or diminised dorsalis pedis pulse decreased dorsiflexion strength positive Homan's sign

A basketball player decelerated in the lane in preparation for a jump shot. Her knees suddenly hyperextended then buckled, and she collapsed on the court grasping her knee in obvious pain. Because of the mechanism of injury, which injury is MOST likely present?

anterior cruciate ligament sprain

Which of the following ligaments is assessed using the anterior drawer test of the ankle?

anterior talofibular

A grade I ankle sprain with an abnormally laxed but firm end feel during an anterior drawer test involves which structure?

anterior talofibular ligament

A long term bony pathology commonly associated with a anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee is

arthritis

On-field assessment of an acute knee injury should include which of the following?

assessment of distal neurovascular integrity

All of the following structures are located in the anterior compartment EXCEPT.

bursitis

As part of your exam of a patient complaining of foot pain you begin palpating the 4th metatarsal from the distal head. Working proximally, the next bone you would palpate

cuboid

A positive talar tilt (eversion) test indicates damage to which ligament?

deltoid

A fracture caused by severe eversion and dorsiflexion would occur to which of the following bones?

distal fibula

Stress testing a knee ligament (MCL or ACL) that has sustained a third-degree sprain would reveal which of the following:

empty end feel

Stress testing, with an anterior drawer test, an ACL ligament that has sustained a third-degree sprain would reveal which of the following:

empty end feel

A Deltoid ligament injury would present with as a soft tissue injury on the lateral ankle joint

false

A tibiofibular syndesmosis sprain is more likely with a dorsiflexion mechanism of injury because the talus is wider posteriorly than it is anteriorly.

false

A valgus stress test performed on the first metatarsal phalangeal joint with an empty end feel could indicate a first degree lateral collateral ligament injury.

false

Muscles located within the foot are referred to as extrinsic muscles.

false

Plantar fasciitis, or heel spur syndrome, is rarely seen in distance runners but is very common in sprinters.

false

The attachment of the IT (Illio-tibial) band is at Gerdy's tubercle on the anteromedial tibia.

false

The eversion stress test for the ankle is performed by turning the plantar surface of the foot toward the contralateral ankle.

false

The flexor hallicus longus runs around the lateral malleolus.

false

The pencil test for the foot is performed by compressing the distal and proximal ends of a long bone together.

false

The soleus is a two-headed muscle in the lower leg.

false

When performing a varus stress test, the LCL is best isolated when the knee is positioned in full extension.

false

the mechanism of injury (MOI) likely to cause an MCL injury is varus

false

What is the normal end-feel for plantar flexion?

firm

To isolate the soleus during a manual muscle test

flex knee and externally rotate hip

The extensor retinaculum in the anterior ankle "Y's" which direction

from lateral to medial, or bifurcates on the medial side

To ensure the correct result when performing the Anterior Drawer test, for the knee the, ______ must be relaxed.

hamstrings

During manual muscle testing (MMT) of the foot you wish to isolate the anterior tibialis not the extensor hallicus longus. This is done by;

hand on the dorsum of the foot

Which of the following are functions of the knee menisci?

held spread synovial fluid and lubricate joint increase joint stability increase load transmission over broaders surface area act as shock absorber-distributor

The coronary ligaments are some of Dr Diede's favorites...they_____

hold the menisci onto the tibia

A person is walking in a straight-leg knee immobilizer. Therefor there is no flexion of the knee on one leg. What deviation would you expect to observe on the ipsilateral side during the swing phase of gait?

increased hip hike

Stress testing a ligament that has sustained a first-degree sprain would reveal which of the following:

increased pain with a firm end-feel

Stress testing the ATF ligament (ankle) that has sustained a first-degree sprain would reveal which of the following:

increased pain with a firm end-feel

A pathological hard end feel during talocrural dorsiflexion could be explained by

loose bodies in the joint

A fracture of the proximal fibula usually associated with an interosseus membrane injury is

maisonneuve

Which position is the closed-pack position of the ankle?

maximal dorsiflexion

The tarsal navicular articulates with which of the following bones?

medical cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid, talus

A general term to describe pain in the ball of the foot is:

metatarsalgia

Which of the following knee ligaments cross over each other?

none of the above (acl and mcl, mcl and lcl, lcl and pcl, acl and pcl)

During your palpation of the knee complex you identify localized pain over the adductor tubercle. This structure is located?

on the distal medial femur

An infected ingrown toe nail is medically called:

onychocryptosis

An inadequately cared for tibial or femoral bone bruise may develop into:

osteomyelities

Assessment of a joint's ROM that reveals an equal limitation passively and actively indicates.

pathology of noncontractile tissue

Another name for an abnormally high arch is:

pes cavus

A tarsal coalition foot is associated with:

pes planus

Positive findings on this test indicate an ACL laxity.

pivot shift

The windlass effect is associated with what structure

plantar fascia

An athlete presents in the athletic training room with pain in the shin area. Which of the following would give you the impression that the injury may be a stress fracture?

point tenderness in the shin after activity

An acute "Pump bump" is the colloquial term for this lower quarter injury

retrocalcaneal bursities

Which of the following disappears with an ankle sprain?

sinus tarsi

The crepitus Dr Diede invented called Squeaky cheese is associated with what structures;

soft tissues like menisci

During the performance of RROM (resisted range of motion) it is critical according to Dr Diede to do two things.

stabilize and resist the movement through a ROM

The gait deviation you would likely observe with a truly structural leg length shortness on the ipsilateral extremity is ___ at the foot, the talocrural and calcaneonivicular joints..

supination

What structure serves to provide inferior support to the talus and is generally found one thumb's width below the medial malleolus?

sustentaculum tali

Which of the following is a sprain that results from forceful external rotation of the ankle?

syndesmotic

What joint is better known as the Lisfranc joint?

tarsometatarsal joint

A female basketball player jumps to get a rebound and hears and feels a "pop" in her lower (posterior) leg. Which test may be used to define the player's injury.

thompson test

The medial longitudinal arch is supported and maintained by the tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, plantar fascia, and the ______.

tibialis anterior

Which of the following structures does not help maintain stability of the distal syndesmosis?

tibiocalcaneal ligament

A disease indicated by elongation and enlargement (apophysitis) of the calcaneal tuberosity, usually occurs during ones youth.

true

A valgus stress test on the first metatarsal phalangeal joint would be performed by moving the toe nail and IP joint toward the other toes.

true

Another name for the Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament is the spring ligament.

true

Fractures of the 5th metatarsal in the foot are called Jones fractures.

true

I am going to ace this test because I am a lower extremity expert!!!

true

Non-weight-bearing supination is comprised of the three movements of calcaneal inversion, plantarflexion and adduction.

true

Pes anserine means goose foot and is the attachment of three muscles on the antero-medial knee.

true

Subungual hematoma is blood trapped under the toe nail and may be removed by burning a hole in the nail.

true

The Kleiger's test for the ankle syndesmosis or deltoid ligament is performed from neutral into rotation with the distal segment rotating away from the midline.

true

The compressive mechanism of injury likely to cause a Medial meniscus injury is Varus.

true

The mechanism of injury likely to cause and LCL injury is Varus.

true

The proximal attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament is at the Medial aspect of the Lateral femoral condyle.

true

The special test called the McMurray's compression tests the integrity of the both menisci.

true

The tibiofemoral joint refers to the "true knee" joint.

true

To ensure that there is proper blood circulation to the foot, the pulses are measured at the posterior tibial and dorsal pedis arteries.

true

While Dr Diede calls it pes pancakus, the official scientific name for flat feet is pes planus.

true

Positive findings on this test indicate an LCL laxity.

varus test