extensor region and the hand (ANATOMY FINAL)

what lumbricals are innervated by the median nerve?

1 and 2

on the radial side of the superficial palm, the radial artery gives rise to the ___

Radialis Indicis Artery goes up to the lateral aspect of the index finger

what muscle is found on the hypothenar side that abducts the pinky?

abductor digiti minimi

what muscle is found on the thenar side of the hand?

abductor pollicis brevis

as a rule of thumb, the superficial layer in the extensor compartment of the forearm come from/originate from the:

common extensor tendon on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

the ___ artery also comes off the dorsal branch of radial artery on the dorsal surface of the hand

dorsalis pollicis artery

extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint (also active during fist clenching)

extensor carpi ulnaris

(flexor/extensor compartment of the forearm): -innervated by radial nerve and its branches -extend the hand/digits -supination

extensor compartment

what is there a good amount of in the digit?

fat

the synovial sheath in the digit is wrapped by many ___

fibrous digital sheaths

(flexor/extensor compartment of the forearm): -innervated on the radial side by the median nerve and ulnar side on by the ulnar nerve -flex the hands/digits -pronation

flexor compartment

in the deeper palm, what muscle is found medial to the opponens pollicis muscle?

flexor pollicis brevis

what muscle is found medial to abductor pollicis brevis?

flexor pollicis brevis

what does the radialicis indices artery supply?

lateral side of the index finger

during flexion and extension of the digits, they will also go through

rotation

this is the major supination muscle in the deep layer

supinator

the extensor retinaculum passes over the tendons that extend into the wrist and hand on the extensor side with different ___ that surround the tendons

synovial sheaths they provide lubrication for the tendons as they pass over certain joints or under certain ligaments to prevent impingement

since there are no muscle bellies in the digit, what produces the movements of the digits?

tendons and ligaments

the ___ eminence of the hand is on the thumb side and has protrusion of the muscles acting on the thumb

thenar

what artery does the deep palmar arch of the hand come off?

ulnar artery the superficial palmar arch comes from radial artery + ulnar artery

what passes through the ulnar/Guyon's canal?

ulnar nerve and artery

true opposition is between what digits?

1 and 5 opposition occurs across the palm but cause flexion of digits 2-4

what other muscles are found on the hypothenar side with opponens digiti minimi?

1. abductor digiti minimi and 2. flexor brevis digiti minimi

what 2 muscles are found at the extensor compartment of the forearm that have contributions to the thumb?

1. abductor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis brevis

what other muscles does the posterior interosseous nerve innervate?

1. abductor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis brevis outcropping muscles

these are the outcropping muscles that go to the thumb they extend the thumb more laterally than anything in the hand

1. abductor pollicis longus 2. longus extensor pollicis brevis/longus

on the palmar side of the hand, the superficial palmar arch gives off what two branches?

1. common palmar digital artery 2. proper palmar digital artery

deep branch of ulnar nerve innervates:

1. flexor pollicis brevis (deep head) 2. adductor pollicis 3. abductor digiti minimi 4. flexor digiti minimi brevis 5. opponens digiti

recurrent branch of the median nerve innervates:

1. opponens pollicis 2. abductor pollicis brevis 3. flexor pollicis brevis (superficial head)

the dorsal digital arteries only go up to about the middle phalange for what digits?

2, 3, and 4

how many palmar interossei are there and what digits do they go to?

3 digits 2, 4, and 5

what lumbricals are innervated by the deep branch of ulnar nerve?

3 and 4

how many lumbricals are there and what digits do they go to?

4 digits 2, 3, 4, and 5

how many dorsal interossei are there and what digits do they go to?

4 digits 2, 3, and 4

what nerve innervates digits 4-5? what about digits 1-3?

4-5: ulnar nerve (medial aspect of 4 and all of 5) 1-3: median nerve (and half of 4) ventral surface

the dorsal side of the hand gets blood supply from the continuation of posterior interosseous artery and a small branch from the ___ artery

Anterior Interosseous artery

extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint; ___ active during fist clenching

ECR longus and brevis ECR longus is active during fist clenching

extensor carpi radialis (longus/brevis) is longer

ECR longus is longer

the ___ tendon gets split to allow the FDP tendon to reach the distal phalange

FDS

deep to the superficial muscles of the palm that draws the thumb towards the midline

adductor pollicis

this space in the hand helps with adduction of the first digit

adductor space

this is a space on the hand formed by extensor pollicis brevis (anterior) and extensor pollicis longus (posterior)

anatomical snuff box

this muscle sits as the divider between the flexor and extensor compartment of the forearm

brachioradialis

what muscle is called the "suitcase or beer drinking muscle" that has a major crossing over the elbow joint, and it one of the main flexors across the elbow when in mid pronation and supination

brachioradialis

what muscles are found superficial in the extensor compartment of the forearm?

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, and extensor digiti minimi anconeus is in the extensor compartment of the arm, not forearm

over the carpal bones on the palmar side of the hand is a ___ branch that contributes to some of the other blood supply to the hand

carpal branch

this space of the hand is found over the palm or under the palm

central space

the superficial palmar arch gives off ___ arteries

common palmar digital arteries going to the digits

what two compartments can the deep layer of the extensor compartment muscles be divided into?

deep and outcropping

what nerve innervates extensor carpi radialis brevis?

deep branch of radial nerve

what nerve innervates extensor carpi ulnaris?

deep branch of radial nerve

what nerve innervates extensor digitorum and extensor digit minimi?

deep branch of radial nerve

what nerve innervates supinator muscle?

deep branch of radial nerve

what nerve innervates the dorsal and palmar interossei?

deep branch of ulnar nerve

parent artery to the Radialicis Indicis artery

dorsal branch of the radial artery

the deep palmar branch passes from the hypothenar side to the thenar side, meeting up with which artery which then passes over the thumb to the palm?

dorsal branch of the radial artery

the anterior interosseous artery goes to the __ arch, which has a connection with the dorsal branch of the radial artery supplying the carpal bones on the dorsal side

dorsal carpal arch

from the dorsal carpal arch and the dorsal carpal arteries is the ___ arteries

dorsal digital arteries they run on the dorsal surface of different fingers

what is the dorsal artery on the index finger?

dorsalis indicis artery

this muscle extends the 5th digit/pinky

extensor digiti minimi

extends the medial four digits primarily

extensor digitorum

on the extensor side, ___ goes onto the middle phalange and inserts onto an extensor hood that expands over the rest of the digit

extensor digitorum tendon

this muscle exclusively extends the index finger (digit #2)

extensor indicis

a lot of the muscles in the extensor compartment of the forearm pass under this structure that holds tendons in place and give them a lever point for mechanical advantage

extensor retinaculum

on the flexor side, what tendon goes to the distal phalange?

flexor digitorum profundus tendon

the lumbrical muscles extend off the ___ tendon

flexor digitorum profundus tendon

on the flexor side, what tendon goes to the middle phalange?

flexor digitorum superficialis tendon

the ___ eminence of the hand is on the pinky side - bump that contains the muscles acting on digit minimi side

hypothenar

what inserts onto the extensor hood?

lumbricals and interossei

cutaneous innervation of the ventral surface of the hand

median nerve: digits 1, 2, 3, and part of 4 ulnar nerve: rest of digits 4 and 5

cutaneous innervation of the dorsal surface of the hand

median nerve: tips of digits 1, 2, 3, and part of 4 radial nerve: the rest of 1, 2, and 3 ulnar nerve: digits 4 and 5

thumb side tends to get innervations from the ___ nerve and pinky side gets ___ nerve

median; ulnar

___ arteries extend between the superficial and deep palmar arches

metacarpal

what do you not find out in the muscle bellies of the digits?

muscle bellies

what is found in the spaces of the hand?

nothing muscle bellies or tendons pass through these different compartments

opponens pollicis helps to draw the thumb into opposition with the ___ muscle found on the thenar side

opponens digiti minimi

in the deeper palm, what muscle is found deep to abductor pollicis brevis?

opponens pollicis

along with the superficial muscles, these muscles also come from the common extensor tendon

outcropping muscles

where does the palmar aponeurosis extend from?

palamris longus tendon has insertion from palmaris brevis

the major blood supply of the hand comes from the (palmar/dorsal) side

palmar

one of the most superficial features of the hand

palmar aponeurosis

what muscle is extending from the hypothenar side of the hand onto the palmar aponeurosis?

palmaris brevis

what is the only blood supply for the extensor compartment of the forearm?

posterior interosseous artery

what nerve innervates extensor indicis?

posterior interosseous nerve it is a continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve

what artery supplies the tips of the fingers on the dorsal side?

proper palmar digital arteries

what neruovasculature is found in this cross-section of the digit?

proper palmar digital nerve, artery, and vein

the lumbricals extend from the flexor digitorum profundus tendon and insert on the ___ phalange

proximal

what artery do you find/can palpate for a pulse in the anatomical snuffbox?

radial artery

what nerve innervates brachioradialis?

radial nerve

what nerve innervates extensor carpi radialis longus?

radial nerve

what nerve innervates the extensor compartment of the forearm?

radial nerve

the anatomical snuffbox formed on the posterior by EPL and on the anterior by EPB is also a site for what nerve passing through with the radial artery?

radial nerve (superficial branches)

the main blood supply for the flexor compartment of the forearm

radial or ulnar artery, continuing into the hand it would come from the posterior interosseous artery if deeper by the IS membrane

this arch is formed predominantly by the ulnar artery, with some contributions from the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

superficial palmar arch

the fibrous digital sheaths in the digit have insertions from?

tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus and the extensor expansion

parent artery to princeps pollicis artery

the dorsal branch of the radial artery

the recurrent branch of the median nerve is on the (thenar/hypothenar) eminence

thenar

the thenar compartment is separated by the ___

thenar space

what does the princeps pollicis artery supply?

thumb main artery of the thumb