FAA Basics Bank Block 4

Based on the following METAR, the visibility is ________. KOKC 181456Z 01010KT 10SM FEW055 BKN100 04/M02 A2992 RMK AO2 SLP 070

10 statute miles

The valid period of a routine TAF beginning at 0000Z on the 10th day of the month would be coded as ________.

1000/1024?

Low level wind shear is a change in windspeed of ________ knots or more within ________ feet AGL.

10; 2,000

Sea level temperature in a standard atmosphere is ________.

15ºC, 59ºF

Convective SIGMETs are used to report convective weather significant to the safety of all aircraft and are valid for ________ hours.

2

At what rate does temperature decrease with height (lapse rate) in the standard atmosphere?

2ºC every 1,000 feet

Which effect happens to airplanes on departure during a high density altitude condition?

A slower rate of climb

A Meteorological Impact Statement (MIS) provides ________.

A unique, plain language, non-technical description of weather

What type of air mass produces stable air that is associated with smooth air. poor visibility, and stratiform clouds?

A warm air mass moving over a cold surface

A forecast of visibility less than one mile would be found in what NWS product?

AIRMET SIERRA

Which of the following NWS products is scheduled?

AIRMET ZULU

Which report modifier entry identifies the METAR/SPECI as a fully automated report with no human intervention or oversight?

AUTO

Which condition is responsible for the most weather-related aviation accidents?

Adverse wind

A3012 (decode)

Altimeter three zero one two

How often are SIGMETs issued?

As necessary

Light turboprop aircraft are more susceptible to icing than commercial jet aircraft because they typically fly ________.

At lower altitudes

A sky coverage of six-eighths is reported as ________.

BKN

In a METAR/SPECI report, what do temperature and dew points prefixed with an "M" signify?

Below zero

What product is for ATC use to alert pilots of existing or anticipated adverse weather conditions within the next two hours?

CWA

Which of the following is operated and staffed by the NWS?

CWSU (Center Weather Service Unit)

CIG 005V008 is decoded as:

Ceiling variable between five hundred and eight hundred

What National Weather Service office provides meteorological forecasts and advice to ARTCCs and other FAA facilities regarding weather impact on their missions?

Center Weather Service Unit (CWSU)

Air flow around a high diverges in a ________ motion and ________ causing the air to compress and warm, which tends to dissipate clouds.

Clockwise; sinks

Which front moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air?

Cold front

Air flow around a low converges in a counterclockwise motion and rises. causing the air to expand and cool, which tends to ________.

Create clouds

What cloud type indicates thermal lift of air, and whose tops can reach over 60,000 feet?

Cumuliform

What type of clouds look like fluffy cotton balls or heaps, indicate upward vertical motion or thermal uplift of air, and can produce severe turbulence, icing, and other hazards?

Cumuliform

A parcel of rising air expands and cools as pressure ________.

Decreases with altitude

Structural icing disrupts the smooth flow of air, increasing drag while ________ the ability of the airfoils to create lift.

Decreasing

The temp to which air must be cooled at constant pressure and water vapor content for saturation to occur is ________.

Dew point

An area as large as 10 miles or more of strong damaging winds reaching speeds as high as 120 kts, on or near the ground, is a ________.

Downburst

IFR weather is primarily a hazard ________.

During takeoff and landing

Standard atmosphere is NOT used for ________.

Establishing minimums for an IAP

Which of the following is not true regarding fog?

Fog forms slowly, allowing pilots to avoid this hazard

Precipitation that freezes on contact with the ground or exposed objects is known as ________.

Freezing rain

Gusty wind is coded as a ________ in the wind group of a METAR.

G

Which airplane would be most at risk from a strong crosswind when landing?

General aviation single prop

SPECI KHYA 092338Z AUTO (Decode)

Hays, automated, special report, three eight observation

A continental, tropical air mass is ________.

Hot and dry

In the METAR/SPECI Sky Condition Group, heights are reported in ________.

Hundreds of feet AGL

What type of precipitation occurs when there is a shallow layer aloft with above-freezing temperatures, with a deep layer of below-freezing air based at the surface?

Ice pellets

Which of the following is a characteristic of a temperature inversion?

Increased temperatures with increased altitude

When preparing PIREPs involving turbulence or icing, what must always be included?

Intensity

In the contiguous United States, the ICAO Station Identifier prefix is ________.

K

In a METAR/SPECI, wind speed is referenced to which unit of measure?

Knots

Which effect will an airplane experience when taking off with a tailwind?

Longer takeoff roll is required

"A scheduled report transmitted at fixed intervals" describes a ________.

METAR

What type of turbulence is caused by any obstruction to the wind, such as buildings or mountains?

Mechanical

While an aircraft is on approach, a shear from a headwind to a tailwind causes the ________.

Nose to pitch down

Which of the following is the correct way to state an assigned altitude of 16,000 feet?

One six thousand

PK WND 23034/43 is decoded as:

Peak wind two three zero at three four occured at four three past the hour

What term refers to the greatest distance that can be seen throughout at least half the horizon circle (180 degrees), not necessarily continuous?

Prevailing visibility

A sudden wind shift, even at low speeds, can be hazardous on takeoff and landing because it can ________.

Quickly become a crosswind or a tailwind

The ratio of water vapor in the air compared to the amount of water vapor the air can hold at a particular temperature and pressure is the definition of ________.

Relative humidity

The purpose of a Pilot Weather Report (PIREP) is ________.

Report meteorological conditions in flight

R17/M0900FT (Decode)

Runway one seven R-V-R less than niner hundred

What is an instrumentally -derived value that represents the horizontal distance a pilot may see down the runway form the approach end?

Runway visual range (RVR)

UA/OV OKC180010/TM 1516/FL120/TP BE20/SK BKN035-TOP075/OVC095-TOPUNKN/WX FV1SM SN/TA M04/TB MOD 050-070/RM TCU W DURC What was the weather element that caused the reduction in visibility?

SN

What is an unscheduled report that is taken when certain criteria have been observed?

SPECI

When a parcel of air has all the water vapor it can hold, it is ________.

Saturated

Turbulence that causes large, abrupt changes in altitude describes ________ turbulence.

Severe

What intensity of turbulence causes occupants to be forced violently against seat belts or shoulder straps, unsecured objects to be tossed about, and makes food service and food service and walking impossible?

Severe

When de-icing or anti-icing equipment fails to reduce or control the icing hazard, the icing is categorized as ________.

Severe

What kind of cloud produces little or no turbulence, but can produce icing?

Stratiform

Within which layer of the atmosphere does temperature increase with altitude, making it a stable layer, generally devoid of significant weather?

Stratosphere

A forecast of non-convective LLWS would be found in what NWS product?

TAF

What is defined as a concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions significant to aviation within a 5-SM-radius of an airport?

TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Forecast)

"Any wind more than 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the runway" defines a ________.

Tailwind

12/M02 (Decode)

Temperature one two, dew point minus two

When the ________ is greater than zero, the air is unsaturated.

Temperature-dew point spread

In the date/time field of a METAR ________.

The first two digits are the date, the second two digits are the hour, and the last two digits are the minutes in UTC

SCT030 BKN080 OVC120 (Decode)

Three thousand scattered, ceiling eight thousand broken, one two thousand overcast.

What can produce almost every weather hazard?

Thunderstorm

+TSRAGR (Decode)

Thunderstorms, heavy rain, hail

Each PIREP must include the type of aircraft, altitude, location, and ________.

Time

Which stage of a thunderstorm is characterized by updrafts exceeding 3,000 feet per minute?

Towering cumulus

PIREPs are used by ________ to expedite the traffic flow in the vicinity of an airport.

Towers and TRACONs

Ice becomes perceptible. Rate of accumulation is slightly greater than sublimation. De-incing/anti-icing equipment is not utilized unless encountered for an extended period of time (over an hour). what type of ice is being described?

Trace

Virtually all aircraft fly in which two layers of the atmosphere?

Troposphere and stratosphere

The average vertical depth of this layer of the atmosphere is 36,000 feet, but varies from about 65,000 feet at the equator to 20,000 feet at the poles.

Troposphere.

Airplane performance gradually degrades as wind ________.

Turns perpendicular to the runway

Thunderstorm cell formation requires sufficient water vapor, ________, and lift.

Unstable air

Air traffic facilities must solicit PIREPs when ________ is reported.

Visibility 5SM or less

M1/4SM FG (Decode)

Visibility less than one-quarter, fog

What is the greatest single cause of fatal aviation accidents?

Visual flight into IFR weather

Severe damage can occur if ________ is ingested into an engine.

Volcanic ash

Which front is associated with poor visibility, smooth air, and steady precipitation?

Warm

Convective currents are most active on ________ when winds are light.

Warm, summer afternoons

A sinking parcel of air compresses and ______ as it encounters increasing pressure; this causes a cloud to quickly dissipate.

Warms

Which gas constitutes only a small percentage of the earth's atmosphere and varies widely in both time and space, ranging from trace amounts to four percent by volume?

Water vapor

The three necessary ingredients for precipitation formation are ________.

Water vapor, lift, and a growth process

Jet streams generally flow from ________.

West to east

A computer-generated forecast of wind direction, wind speed, and temperature at selected times, altitudes, and locations is a(n) ________ forecast.

Wind and temperature aloft

A change in wind speed and/or direction in a short distance is called a(n) ________.

Wind shear