Fall AP Biology Final Questions
Facilitated diffusion and active transport both function with the use of membrane proteins. Which of the following statements best explains the difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?
Active transport uses energy from ATP hydrolysis, while facilitated diffusion moves molecules from high to low concentration using no metabolic energy.
The infected bacteria cells were found to contain significant amounts of radioactive phosphorus but not radioactive sulfur. Based on the results, which of the following types of molecules did the bacteriophages most likely inject into the bacteria cells?
DNA
Which of the following is a correct statement about DNA?
In a segment of double stranded DNA the number of guanine bases and cytosine bases should be equal.
What is one thing that is true about the structure of a prokaryotic cell?
It has a cell wall exterior to the plasma membrane and contains ribosomes.
Which of the following organelles is likely to be more abundant in muscle cells than in skin cells?
Mitochondria
Which of the following best supports the statement that mitochondria are decedents of endosymbiotic bacteria-like cells?
Mitochondria and bacteria possess similar ribosomes and DNA.
Which of the following organelles directly requires oxygen?
Mitochondrion
Membrane-bound organelles have been an important component in the evolution of complex, multicellular organisms. Which of the following best summarizes an advantage of eukaryotic cells have internal membranes?
Organelles isolate specific reactions, increasing metabolic efficiency.
If ATP breakdown (hydrolysis) is inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited?
Passage of a solute against its concentration gradient.
How is protein primary structure formed?
Peptide bonds between the amine group of one amino acid and the carboxylic acid of other amino acid.
Which of thesis is not a major function of proteins in the body?
Primary component of cellular membrane.
Cell organelles often work with one another to preform important cellular functions. One example of this includes the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus. Which of the following best describes how these structures work together?
Proteins that are produced in the endoplasmic reticulum move to the Golgi apparatus, where they are sorted, packaged, and sent to their final destination.
Cells contain smaller components called organelles that are necessary for a cell's survival. Organelle functions have often been compared to components of larger systems. Which of the following functional differences between the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is explained by the structural differences between them?
Rough ER can synthesize and package proteins for export, and the smooth ER cannot.
Which of the following depicts the most probable pathway of processing and packaging a secretory protein within a eukaryotic cell?
Rough ER-Golgi Body-Secretory Vesicles-Cell Membrane.
A graph of Osmolarity of Solution .vs. Rate of Contractions, which of the following is the correct explanation for the data?
The contraction rate increases as the osmolarity decreases because the amount of water entering the paramecia by osmosis increases.
Which of the following statements describes a feature shared by mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum that increases the efficiency of their basic functions?
They have highly folded membranes.
What is the explanation for the results graphed of pH versus relative activity, shown in the first graph?
pH affects the shape of the active site of the enzyme.