Files and Folders
File extensions like _________ can be hidden
.docx
Gigabyte
1 billion bytes
Megabyte
1 million bytes
Defragmenter
Alliance data in adjacent sectors to speed retrieval time
Details pane
At bottom; information on selected file
windows explorer
Change file or folder names, Delete , open, rearrange, files/folders, Rename a folder or file, copy/move files/folders, See personal or public (can be shared with others) folders - Start/File Explorer/This PC/ C:/Users, Create a new folder: R click/New/Folder
To select the series of files
Click the first file, hold down the shift key and click the last file
Formatting
Creates the electronic tracks and sectors to hold data
d:/budget/mybudget/january.xlsx
Device letter, folder name, sub folder name, file name and extension
d:/budget/mybudget
Device letter, folder, name and file name
Folder
Groups files for easy retrieval, indicated by small yellow folder icon
To select non-contiguous files
Hold down the CTRL key while you select each file
Recycle bin
Holding area for files you have deleted from the hard disk
When you delete a file
It remains on the disk
The read/write heads hover
Just above the disk surface but do not touch the surface
Windows file explorer
List files by date, by size and type, alphabetical order, folders and files can be displayed as text or icons
Three Types of Storage
Magnetic, Optical, Solid State
Device letter, folder
Name and filename
Folders pane
On left; all storage devices and folders
File pane
On right; contents of clicked file or border
Virus
Program that attaches itself to legitimate software, replicate itself to other programs, has unique bites that distinguish it from legitimate files (virus signature)
Use system restored when needed
Repairs operating system files, reverts settings to earlier point in time (restore point), preserves data files
For extreme damage; system recovery disk
Restores your computer to factory new status, image of your hard disk as it was configured by the manufacturer
You can copy
Single file or files. Use R click/copy
Purchase antivirus software
Skins for virus signatures and email attachments, downloads and storage devices
Clipboard
Temporary holding area in memory; used to copy and paste or cut and paste
Access time
The average time it takes to read/right heads to locate and collect data from the disks
Avoid losing data
Use a surge strip, safe work frequently, use a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) Will keep computer running long enough to save files and shut down
PC hard disk
Usually contains 2 to 4 platters which cannot be removed
Saving a File
Windows is not case sensitive, can be stored on hard disk, CD, DVD, UFD (flash drive), other storage device, Storage devices have unique device letters, C= hard drive, A or B = floppy drive
File Format
based on type of data the file contains and the software used to create it
File
collection of dat, e.g. spreadsheet, music, webpage
Pits
dark spots on a CD/DVD
Native file format
format an application works with docx for Word.tif, .png, .bmp, etc. for photos
Lands
light areas on a CD/DVD
Magnetic
magnetizes microscopic particles on a disk/tape surface; permanent but modifiable; gradually lose their charge
Optical
records data as microscopic light and dark spots on surface of specially-coated disc
Solid State
stores data in erasable, rewritable circuitry; each cell in a grid of circuits has two transistors (gates) which can be open or closed; also called flash memory
Windows Explorer
the folder window left click on Start - File Explorer