Film
Shows that are one the fence when it comes to renewal for another season have various characteristics. What are they?
- Fan base - quality of the show - competition of similar shows
How many episodes need to be produced for a network run in order for the show to run in syndication, stripped, for a full year that includes airing each episode twice?
88 -100 episodes
20. Be able to speak about a cancelled show that was saved by another network.
Arrested Development was dropped by fox and then later after season three dropped in ratings netflix picked up the rights to the series.
13. Explain five big changes impacting programming between 1970 & 1990 (Slide 26)
Cigarette Ad Ban (1970_ • PTAR (repealed in 1996) Financial Interest and Syndication Rules (Fyn-Syn) (repealed in 1993) Fox network began in 1986 Time shifting viewing began to impact programming in the 80's
31. What are some of the reasons why Netflix is investing in international subscribers. What might be a risk of doing so?
Because it accounts for 42% of the company's value.
36. Be able to identify the six companies that own 90% of the media
CBS Time Warner Disney GE NewsCorp Viacom
12. Be able to explain the following terms/concepts as they relate to programming:
Compatibility: "Desperately seeking the audience" - the goal of programming decisions. The importance of habit formation: people from viewing habits Why control of audience flow is important: get 'em, build 'em and keep 'em Blunting: show a big star to draw people in from the competition Counterprogramming: "The practice of offering programs to attract an audience from another station airing a major event." For example, during the halftime show a station might program something to draw football viewers away such as a poker tournament. Lead in programming: Tent poling: A sort of opposite of hammocking, tent pole strategy puts the strong program in the middle, with weaker programs on either side. The hope is that the strong one will draw in viewers for the entire time period - not just that one show. Hammocking: Putting an unpopular, "weak" program between two "stronger" shows in the hope that viewers will be too lazy to switch over and watch the weaker show instead. This is a popular technique to use with new shows that haven't built an audience yet. Conservation of resources: repacking and repeating Considering the breadth of appeal given the target audience you seek critical for broadcasting and general cable services and streaming services like hulu and netflix
19. Know what is a DMA and what is the ranking for the Butte Bozeman market
DMA: Designated Market Area Butte/ Bozeman = 69,060 (0.062) Ranked 185
29. Be able to discuss the reasons why Netflix is investing in in house productions and what are the risks of doing so?
Deferring service cancellations by adding their own original content Rising content licensing costs up 700% They are looking into the future because eventually, netflix will be the only place where you can see the specific shows that they make.
9. What are four things you can tell me about the origins of Broadcasting that came from our Lecture?
Electromagnetic Spectrum is another name for Broadcasting
37. What are possible explanations for all the program reboots that are being introduced (e.g.Roseanne)
Huge appetite for nostalgic viewers Contemporary original fan bases that have been around for a while that are easy to target by releasing a remake. There is so much clutter with Tv shows lately that they want a little, star and a built in platform and a lot of these older shows have a storyline and a built in base There will always be property for it to rise again
3. Understand the situation comedy genre, its earliest programs, how it evolved in the 1970s (using examples) Sitcoms are situation based comedy
I Love Lucy (1951-57), Mash (1972- 1983). Mary Tyler Moore (1970 -1977), All in the Family (1971-1979).
18. What are the purpose of Sweeps Weeks"
In 1954, Nielsen sent "TV diaries" to households across America, asking them to record their precise TV viewing habits for a week. Then, in a geographic "sweep" starting in the Northeast and moving to the West, Nielsen collected the booklets, compiled the data and published the first accurate reports on the viewing habits of American families
7. What are the roots of reality television and the early examples from the late 1940 and 1950s.
It served as a platform as these hit shows came out for more and different reality-based television that included Multi-level plots & more lead characters (e.g. ensemble casts as with The West Wing, or The Wire) • Multiple plot lines have been very successful ( e.g. Lost) • Continuing characters and story arcs, cliffhangers between episodes, long arc story narratives stretching across episodes and seasons evolved in television programming from the 50's to 70s (e.g. daytime and primetime soap operas, e.g. Dallas, L.A. Law, St. Elsewhere, Twin Peaks, 24, The Closer)
39. Why is Breaking Bad considered the most influential TV show of the Prestige TV era?
Novelistic Storytelling Unique it would be impossible to replicate something done so well
15. Why was NBC's Thursday night "must see TV" so important to the network? Be able to list the four shows that were the most watched of the season during the Must See TV campaign from 1979-2014
It was important because it used it to brand its prime time blocks. It featured some of the most popular sitcoms and drama series of the period, allowing it to dominate prime time ratings. The most watched of the season were; The Cosby Show, Cheers, Seinfeld, Friends, ER
35. Who is currently the highest paid sitcom actor?
Jim Parsons behind Sofia Vergaraga
38. What procedural drama and its spinoffs have dominated primetime television?
Law and Order - Law & Order: Criminal Intent, Law & Order: Trial by Jury, Law & Order: LA, and the still alive and kicking Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
1. Know the names of some of the earliest television shows we discussed
Lone Ranger: 1949-57 Gunsmoke: 1955-75
What are the two sitcoms with the highest number of highest paid actors?
Modern Family The Big Bang Theory
23. As related to the network/affiliate station relationship, be able to talk about the must carry rule,retransmission consent and reverse compensation.
Must carry: the government implements a must carry locally licensed television stations must be carried on a cable providers system. Retransmission consent: is a provision of the 1992 United States Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act that requires cable operators and other multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) to obtain permission from broadcasters before carrying their programming Reverse Compensation: in United States broadcasting, is the practice of a commercial television station paying a television network in exchange for being permitted to affiliate with that network.
5. Be able to talk about League fees - the price networks pay for the rights to broadcast certain sports, including which sports leagues have the highest fees.?
NFL(4.4 billion), NBA(2.6) , MLB(1.6)
22. Know the difference between an network affiliated local station, a local independent station and a network O&O stations.
Network-affiliated: its a local broadcaster that is owned by a company other than the owner of the network. Local station: telivision program made by local station. Local Independent: broadcast station not affiliated with large networks Network: radio or tv station owned by the network
10. Explain the three main sources of programming for local television stations?
Programming came from networks local stations bought programming just for their market (off-network or first-run syndication or movies) they produced their own programs (news and sports)
4. Be able to distinguish between and give examples of serial episodic and procedural episodic Dramas.
Serials: Game of Thrones, Mad Men. Shows that should be watched in a series, they are complex and each episode gives details that will come present in future episodes. Procedural: Law and Order, CSI. They are shows that can be watched out of order, each episode is self-contained. They have storylines that usually come to an end at the end of each episode.
Understand what are "ratings" and what are "shares" in measuring television audiences. Be able to do a simple calculation for a rating or a share if provided with the essential information. What is the purpose of a rating or share from a revenue standpoint? How gathers these data and how do they do it for overnight ratings of network programming and in small DMA's.
Shares = viewers/HUT Ratings = Each rating point is one percent of total Households with TV
2. Be able to talk about (with examples) the television specific storytelling structure and genres. that we discussed in class.
Situation Comedy - i love lucy, mash The Drama - the twilight zone, law and order Sports programing - monday night football, abc sports The Soap Opera - six feet under, dallas Reality Television - American Idol, survivor Non-narrative - ellen, sixty minutes News Talk Show Extravaganza
6. Be able to talk about soap operas, including their origin, who they targeted, what made them so popular, what makes them less successful in international syndication and a difference between daytime and night time soaps. Be able to describe a soap opera on television or a streaming service today.
Soap opera is an ongoing episodic work of fiction that narrows in on the lives of characters and their emotional relationships to the point of melodrama. They originated from the radio network. They targeted Housewives Young and Restless The Bold and Beautiful
16. What is the most popular genre of television programming during the weekend afternoon Daypart?
Sports Programing
27. Explain "syndication," and the difference between off network syndication and first run syndication
Syndication:Syndication of episodic programming (88-100 episodes so they can be stripped 5 days/week for 6 months plus one round of repeats during the "off-season" to equal a year of programming). Serials can be scheduled in any order; procedurals need to play from first to last show because the storyline builds. Network Syndication: programs that first ran on networks and are then repeated in syndication, such as Big Bang Theory First Run Syndication: programs that are originally produced for syndication licensing such as Oprah or Jeopardy
26. Explain the concept of equity financing for television production of programs and the two challenges that limit its use.
Television equity financiers are most often non-bank entities that are willing to take more risk than debt financiers in return for a piece of the backend. These financiers are typically unsecured. • We have not yet experienced a meaningful entrance into the market by equity financiers for two reasons:
21. Know the top rated syndicated program (from the US) in the four sample foreign countries on slides 57 and 58
The Big Bang Theory
Be able to explain the Fin-Syn rules:
The Financial Interest and Syndication Rules, widely known as the fin-syn rules, were a set of rules imposed by the Federal Communications Commission in the United States in 1970. The FCC sought to prevent the Big Three television networks from monopolizing the broadcast landscape by preventing them from owning any of the programming that they aired in prime time. The rules also prohibited networks from airing syndicated programming they had a financial stake in. The rules changed the power relationships between networks and television producers, who often had to agree to exorbitant profit participation in order to have their shows aired
8. What is contemporary origin of Survivor? What are some of the benefits for production companies making and networks airing reality television?
The origin of Survivor transitioned the format of reality tv shows to reality game shows that can be sold and used across the nation. It allowed other countries to practice traditions of survivor as it represented their specific country.
32. What was the first color coast-to-coast television broadcast?
Tournament of Roses Broadcast - 1954
30. Be able to explain what Peak TV means and provide a representative example of Peak TV.
When there are overwhelming amounts of shows being broadcasted at one time Stranger Things The Crown
33. What are several ways that Netflix is tracking viewers to gather big data?
When users pause, rewind, or fast forward What day and date users watch content What time you watch content The location of users watch, normally is postcode What device users use to watch ( tablet for TV shows or Roku for movies?Kids on their iPads) When users pause and leave content The ratings given Searches Browsing and scrolling behavior
11. What are four things to consider when programming a local television station? (From slide 23)
Who may be in the audience/likely to watch that program or during that daypart? Whether the time of day belongs to the local station or to their network affiliate? What would be on competing local stations. What are the resources available to invest in programming
14. Know the approximate time of the television dayparts and be able to distinguish whether the daypart is controlled by the local station, the network or both? Be able to include a representative program or genre that tends to dominate that daypart.
in broadcast programming, dayparting is the practice of dividing the broadcast day into several parts, in which a different type of radio or television program for that time period is aired. Morning News: 5:00 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. L&N Morning: 9:00 a.m. - 12:00 noon L&N Daytime: 12 noon - 3:00 p.m. L&N Early Fringe: 3:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. L Early News: 5:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. L&N Access: 7:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. L Prime: 8:00 p.m. - 11:00 p.m. N Late News: 11:00 p.m. - 11:30 p.m. N Late Fringe: 11:30 p.m. - 1:00 a.m. L&N
25. Be able to explain the concept of deficit financing of programs bought by the networks.
• Deficit financing is an arrangement in which the network pays the studio that makes a show a license fee in exchange for the right to air the program. • The license fee allows the network to air each episode a few times (as a first-run and rerun episode). • That fee does not cover the complete cost of production. The studio remains in ownership of the show. • Deficit financing the substantial risks and costs of developing programs for the networks while initially affording the studios considerable benefits as well.
