final!!!!!!!

what contributes to the wheezing of asthma and where does it occur?

it affects the bronchiolar muscle construction. the wheezing is forced air.

carotid and vertebral arteries FEED the brain but the ___________ is the "MAIN VEIN THAT DRAINS THE BRAIN"

jugular vein.

what organ does the renal arteries supply?

kidney.

sagittal plane

left and right

the cardiac chamber that has the thickest myocardium?

left ventricle.

which of the following is most likely to cause pulmonary edema?

left ventricular failure.

the word hepatic refers to:

liver

what is the chief organ of drug detoxification?

liver

an overdose of an apioid (narcotic) can cause?

liver damage.

axillary:

located in the armpit drain the upper extremity shoulder and breast area.

inguinal:

located in the groin region and drains the lower extremety and external genitalia

cervical lymph node:

located in the neck and head area.

a lumbar curve occurs in the ____________ area of the spine.

lower

*which structure prevents gastric reflux?

lower esophageal sphincter.

elephantiasis is another term for:

lymph edema

where does the lymph originally come from?

lymph is formed from the plasma during capillary exchange.

*fat digestion is accomplished by:

lypase.

the layer of the heart that allows it to act like a pump?

myocardium.

sensory, motor and integrative are general functions of the:

nervous system

the renal arteries supply:

oxygenated blood to the kidney.

SA node:

pacemaker of the heart.

what is the effect nerve stimulation?

passes motor information to the diaphragm

what is the process of ingesting and destroying pathogens?

phagocytosis.

when evaluating a patients pulse, the artery you are most likely to use is the:

radial

inflammation is characterized by:

redness, heat, and swelling/pain.

death from a severe anaphylactic reaction caused by:

respiratory destruction.

what are the Purkinje fibers:

sends nerves impulses to the cell in the ventricle and cause them to contract and pump blood to lungs / rest of the body.

vagal stimulation to the heart causes:

slow heart rate (bradycardia)

AV node:

slows cardiac impulse.

*which of the following best describes the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum?

small intestine.

natriuresis refers to the renal excretion of

sodium. (p467)

what is aldosterone?

steroid secreted by the adrenal adrenal cortex;

what does aldosterone do?

stimulates the kidney to reabsorb sodium and h2o and to excrete potassium.

the mediastinum is _________ in relationship to the diaphragm.

superior.

myocardial contraction and relaxation are described as:

systolic & diastolic.

temporal lobe, frontal lobe, occipital lobe and parietal lobe all have a sensory aspect which sensory ( vision, hearing, somatosensory) aspect related to each?

temporary lobe: memory, emotion, hearing, and language frontal lobe: decision making, problem solving, and planning occipital lobe: concerned with vision parietal lobe: concerned with the reception and processing sensory info from the body

angina pectoris is most likely caused by a decrease in blood flow from:

the coronary arteries.

in the left ventricle of the heart fails where would the blood back up to and what would be the outcome?

the lungs back up and causes pulmonary edema.

TPA:

tissue plasminogen activator

transverse plane:

up and down

looking at the ECG, the QRS complex represents:

ventricular DEPOLARIZATION

looking at the ECG, the T wave represents:

ventricular REPOLARIZATION

the head and neck region s supplied by what/which arteries:

vertebral and carotid.

bronchial constriction causes the patient to:

wheeze.

a massive release of histamine causes?

wheezing and hypotension.

parasympathetic stimulation does what to which node?

SA and AV.

Sympathetic stimulation does what to which node?

SA node.

pacemaker cells fire at a faster rate than other cells where are they located?

SA nodes.

Cardiac output is determined by heart rate and :

STROKE VOLUMEE!!!!!!! CO = HR X SV

TPA does what?

TPA is an enzyme that helps dissolve clotting.

bronchiolar constriction is most likely to cause:

asthma.

in looking at the ECG, the P wave represents:

atrial DEPOLARIZATION

Sympathetic (fight or flight) stimulation does what to the heart rate?

increases.

what increases body temperature?

inflammation

ventilation involves both:

inhalation and exhalation.

elephantiasis is caused by:

(p 373) invasion and blockage of the lymphatic vessels by small worms called filariae.

what passages does the pharynx communicate with?

(p402) pharynx communicates w/

what is TPA and what does it do?

Tissue Plasminogen Activator. Prevents the tissue damage that a clot may cause in a heart attack or stroke.

defective valves in the lower leg veins cause:

Varicose vein

what is bile:

a digestive aid secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.

anti-thrombin agent:

a small protein molecule that inactive several enzymes of the coagulation system.

across which structure does most gas exchange occur?

alveoli

surfactants are found in the:

alveoli. it keep alveoli from collapsing.

which glands are most responsible for body odor?

apocrine gland.

which term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute?

cardiac output.

dehydration causes what at cellular level?

causes cell to become less permeable.

name parts of a neuron?

cell body, axon, dendrites, myelin sheath, axon terminal.

a simple cell is encased by a:

cell membranes. (chapter 1)

aplastic anemia is caused by:

decrease bone marrow deficiency of RBC(erythropotic), WBC(leukopoietic) , platelets(thromobopoietic).

parasympathetic stimulation does what to the heart rate?

decreases.

layers of the heart and where in relation to each other:

epicardium

what is the bundle of His

fibers that conducts the electrical impulse that regulate the heartbeat from the AV node to the right atrium to the septum between the ventricles.

what forms the framework of a blood clot?

fibronogen, platelets

frontal plane:

front and back

where is bile STORED:

gallbladder.

bilirubin is a breakdown product of:

hemoglobin and secreted into the bile.

what is a consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation:

high blood pressure

medulla depression is most likely to cause:

hypoxia (deficiency in amount of oxygen reaching the tissue)

Sympathetic stimulation to the heart causes:

increase blood pressure.

an increase of blood return to the heart rate causes:

increased pressure, increased heart rate.

a deficiency of insulin causes:

increases sugar in the blood, not enough in the cells.