final exam gen psych

Which is an example of eustress? A. Training for a marathon B. Losing a job C. Getting a divorce D. Recovering from a car accident

A

Which of the following is a stressor A. Being in a car accident B. Reading a comic book about zombies C. Daydreaming about robots D. Falling asleep in class

A

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

ADHD

Which is a negative effect of extended cortisol release caused by chronic or prolonged stress A. The heart is subjected to abnormal pressure B. The lungs are placed under stress C. The thyroid is damaged D. The immune system is weakened

D

which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the US?

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

___ is the kind of stress that extends the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating

Distress

___ is the kind of stress associated w positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance

Eustress

the ____ is composed of a series true and false questions in order to establish an individuals clinical profile

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI)

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

Posttraumatic stress

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

A demanding or threatening event is often called a(an)

Stressor

Naomi seems to live by "don't sweat the small stuff" concept. She is relaxed, laid-back, and never seems too concerned about meeting deadlines or finishing a to-do listen. Naomi has a __ personality

Type a

If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?

amygdala

a panic disorder is a type of _____ disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks

anxiety

which term refers to the adjustment of a schema by adding info similar to what is already known?

assimilation

_____ were the first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing ppl w psychological disorders

asylums

___ is a long-standing connection or bond w others

attachment

encoding info occurs through ___.

automatic processing and effortful processing

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavior

___ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a persons involuntary activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes

biofeedback

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

borderline personality disorder

Elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. Later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. This is an example of ________.

chunking

humanistic therapy is also called ___ therapy

client-centered

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

___ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity

cognitive

in order to overcome an eating disorder, sevillas therapist works to changer her distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. what kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

the ____ refers to the common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next

collective unconscious

a psychological disorder is _____

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

confidentiality

Which of the following theorists is not neo-freudian? a. erik erikson b. karen horney c. carl jung d. albert bandura

d

Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?

denial

Specific normative events are also called ________.

developmental milestones

Body dysmorphia is a ________.

distorted body image

who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the US?

dorothea dix

Thalia suffers from insomnia. She tries everything, and she finally develops the habit of counting backward when she wants to sleep but cannot. Thalia finds that she falls asleep much easier once she starts counting backward, so she continues to do so. ________ theory suggests that she continues this habit because it results in homeostasis.

drive

What does nurture refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?

environment and culture

___ motivation arises from external factors or rewards

extrinsic

Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify?

freudian slip

____ dysphoria is a diagnostic category in the DSM-5 for individuals who dont identify w cultural expectations associated w their biological sex

gender

Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.

generalized anxiety disorder

what is the developmental task of Erik Eriksons seventh stage of psychosocial development, in which individuals contribute to society and focus on being part of a family?

generativity vs stagnation

what does nature refer to in the nature vs nurture debate

genes and biology

which treatment modality involves 5-20 ppl w the same issue meeting tg w a trained clinician?

group therapy

Drive theory states that deviations from ________ create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need.

homeostasis

A (an) ____ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesnt measure up to the standards of others or of society

inferiority

infant rooting for a nipple is an example of an

instinct

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.

intake

____ motivation is based on internal feelings rather than external rewards

intrinsic

People may not intend to distort facts, but ________.

it can happen un the process of retrieving old memories and combining them with new memories

who suggested that men have womb envy bc they cant give birth?

karen horney

who believed that moral development, like cognitive development, follows a series of stages?

lawrence kohlberg

in order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and ____ memory.

long-term

what is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve info over different periods of time?

memory

____ is wants or needs that direct behavior toward some goal

motivation

When Imogene feels anxiety, she clings to her mother and father for affection and reassurance. What coping strategy is Imogene using?

moving toward people

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan's personality?

narcissistic personality disorder

people with ____ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts

obsessive-compulsive

___ delusions involve the (false) belief that other ppl or agencies are plotting to harm the person

paranoid

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________.

phobia

Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives

positive psychology

in medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ____.

possessed by demons

Schizophrenia is considered a ___ disorder

psychotic

what is the time following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?

refractory period

which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?

schizophrenia

the encoding of words and their meaning is known as ___ encoding.

semantic

During Jean Piaget's ________ stage, the world is experienced through senses and actions.

sensorimotor

Who called the stages of development psychosexual stages?

sigmund freud

who developed the first comprehensive theory of personality?

sigmund freud

Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells "the man with the blue shirt did it." Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________: the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories.

suggestibility

____ involves thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt

suicidal ideation

elaborative rehearsal involves _____.

thinking about the meaning of the new info and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory.

Between birth and one year, infants are dependent on their caregivers; therefore, caregivers who are responsive and sensitive to their infant's needs help their baby to develop a sense of the world as a safe, predictable place. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

trust vs mistrust

what us procedural memory?

type of implicit memory that stores info about how to do things