Final Exam Metallurgy

The composition of the primary ferrite that forms in a .4% C steel is: A. 6.67% C B. 2.11% C C. .77% C D. .02% C

.02% C

We can estimate the temperature where diffusion becomes significant as: A. The melting point of the material B. 1000 Centigrade C. .4 times the melting point in absolute temp. D. .2 times the melting point when expressed in Centigrade

.2 times the melting point when expressed in Centigrade

The carbon content of a 4320 steel is about: A. .2% C B. 2.0% C C. .43% C D. 4.3% C

.2% C

The composition of pearlite is always: A. 6.67% B. 2.11% C. .77% D. .02%

.77%

The approximate amount of pearlite in a slow- cooled .4% C steel would be approximately: A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%

50%

The approximate amount of primary ferrite in a .40% C steel (under equilibrium conditions) would be: A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%

50%

If a steel has a Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT), it is best if it is used A. above this temperature B. Below this temperature

Above this temperature

The high hardness of ceramic materials make them excellent candidate materials for use as: A. Refractories B. Electrical and magnetic components C. Whiteware D. Abrasives

Abrasives

For aluminum alloys, the highest strength is achieved through: A. Grain size control B. Cold working C. Age hardening D. Solid solution strengthening

Age hardening

For the most effective dispersion strengthening, the dispersed second phase should be: A. Discontinuous B. Strong and hard C. Many small particles D. All of A, B and C. E. None of A, B and C

All of A, B and C

Among the quenchants of brine, water, and oil, the fastest cooling would be expected in: A. Oil B. Water C. Brine (salt water)

Brine (salt water)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of ceramic materials? A. Good corrosion resistance and chemical stability B. High melting temperature C. Hard and rigid, but brittle D. Good electrical and thermal conductivity

Good electrical and thermal conductivity

Which of the following is NOT an attractive asset of aluminum and aluminum alloys? A. Easy to fabricate B. Very ductile C. Good electrical and thermal activity D. Good strength at elevated temperature

Good strength at elevated temperature

Superplastic behavior is a result of which deformation mechanism? A. Dislocation multiplication B. Grain boundary sliding C. Cross-slip of dislocations D. Localized melting

Grain boundary sliding

Compacted graphite cast iron has a structure and properties that fall between is: A. Malleable and ductile B. Gray and ductile C. White and Malleable D. Gray and white

Gray and ductile

If we were to add 5% nickel to pure copper to produce a copper-5% nickel alloy, the ductility of the alloy would be ___ the strength of pure copper. A. Greater than B. The same as C. Less than

Greater than

The crystal structure that contains close-packed planes stacked in the ABABAB sequence is: A. SC B. BCC C. FCC D. HCP

HCP

The Jominy test is used to evaluate the ____ of a steel. A. Ductility B. Hardness C. Hardenability

Hardenability

This type of test is the quickest and least expensive to conduct, and is frequently used as a quality control check during manufacturing operations. A. Tensile B. Impact C. Fatigue D. Creep E. Hardness

Hardness

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement regarding magnesium? A. Has a wide range of mechanical properties since it responds well to strengthening B. Has good machining characteristics, but the chips can burn C. Like aluminum, is poor in wear, creep and fatigue D. Has the HCP crystal structure and is characteristically brittle

Has a wide range of mechanical properties since it responds well to strengthening

Compared to materials with other structures, materials with the BCC structure tend to: A. Have greater strength B. Have greater ductility C. Be brittle

Have greater strength

This type of crystalline defect is responsible for solid solution strengthening: A. Substitutional or interstitial point defects B. Grain boundaries C. Dislocations

Substitutional or interstitial point defects

If we increase the temperature of a tensile test specimen we would expect ___ to increase. A. Yield strength B. Tensile strength C. Elastic modulus D. Reduction in area

Tensile strength

In a two-phase region of an equilibrium phase diagram, the lever law can be used to compute: A. The time required to solidify B. The yield strength of the alloy C. The chemistry of each of the phases D. The amounts of each of the phases

The amounts of each of the phases

If we cool a eutectiod composition steel (.77% C) under near-equilibrium conditions, the resulting microstructure will be: A. 100% pearlite B. 50% pearlite and 50% ferrite C. 75% pearlite and 25% ferrite D. 100% ferrite

100% pearlite

The coordination number for a structure that contains close-packed planes is: A. 6 B. 8 C. 12 D. 14

12

In order to be considered as a true stainless steel, an iron-based metal must contain more than: A. .77% B. 12% nickel C. 12% chrome D. 12% silicone

12% chrome

A shorthand notation for all cube edges in cubic crystals would be: A. <100> B. <110> C. <111> D. <123>

<100>

The close-packed directions in FCC crystals have the Miller Indices form of: A. <100> B. <110> C. <111> D. <000>

<110>

Tool steels are designated by: A. a letter-number combination where the letter indicated "family" B. a four-digit AISI-SAE number based on chemistry and carbon content

A letter-number combination where the letter indicated "family"

Primary ferrite forms when we cool between this temperature line and the A1. A. A1 B. A2 C. A3 D. Acm

A3

The corrosion resistance of copper and nickel is: A. An inherent property of the metal B. Due to an adherent oxide

An inherent property of the metal

The crystal structures of ceramic materials are often quite complex because: A. Atoms of different sizes are in the same structure B. Covalent structures often have a limited number of nearest neighbors C. Charge neutrality must be maintained throughout ionic structures D. All of the above

All of the above

When welding metals, the once-molten-metal region (fusion zone) of a weld can experience which of the following problems? A. Shrinkage problems B. Gas porosity C. Columnar crystals D. All of the above

All of the above

When a design engineer defines requirements, these requirements are: A. Mechanical properties B. Manufacturing requirements C. Geometric requirements D. All of these are design requirements

All of these are design requirements

A steel with a AISI-SAE designation of 4320 is a: A. Plain-carbon steel B. Alloy steel

Alloy steel

The surface treatment known as carburizing a material, such as a gear, is an example of a(n): A. Altered surface chemistry B. Single chemistry - dual heat treatment

Altered surface chemistry

The corrosion resistance of aluminum and titanium alloys can be attributed to: A. Low chemical reactivity of the metal itself B. An adherent, protective oxide film

An adherent, protective oxide film

The "critical cooling rate" is the slowest cooling that will produce: A. An all martensite structure B. An all pearlite structure C. Retained austenite

An all martensite structure

A substitutional point defect is: A. An atom missing from a lattice point B. An atom of one species occupying a lattice point in a lattice of another species C. An atom that is inserted into a crystal at a location that is not a lattice point.

An atom of one species occupying a lattice point in a lattice of another species

When the elastic-to-plastic transition is not distinct, we often define and agree on: A. A strain-hardening exponent B. The ultimate tensile strength C. An offset yield strength D. The breaking strength

An offset yield strength

The properties of cold worked components are usually: A. Anisotropic B. Isotropic

Anisotropic

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about cold working? A. We can strengthen the material while producing the desired shape B. Anisotropy and residual stresses are always detrimental C. Dimensional tolerances and surface finish tent to be good D. Ductility, electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance decrease

Anisotropy and residual stresses are always detrimental

Metals might be annealed to accomplish which of these? A. Increase ductility B. Improve conductivity C. Relieve residual stresses D. Any of these

Any of these

In this isothermal heat treatment, austenite is transformed below the nose of the T-T-T diagram to produce bainite: A. Isothermal anneal B. Austempering

Austempering

The elevated temperature (FCC) form of iron that can contain up to 2.11% carbon in solid solution is called: A. Ferrite B. O-Ferrite C. Austenite D. Cementite

Austenite

Quench cracking is a distinct possibility when rapidly cooling steels because the cooling is non-uniform (surfaces cool faster than interiors) and: A. Austenite contracts when it transforms to martensite B. Austenite expands when it transforms to martensite

Austenite expands when it transforms to martensite

The term "degree of polymerization" describes the: A. Average number of mers per molecule B. Number of different types of mers in a polymer C. Number of places other units can attach to a mer

Average number of mers per molecule

The crystal structure of martensite: A. FCC B. BCC C. BCT-- a distorted BCC where T= tetragonal

BCT

The microstructure that forms below the "nose", but above Ms in a eutectoid steel T-T-T diagram is: A. Pearlite B. Bainite C. Martensite

Bainite

This lightweight metal is unique in being lighter than aluminum, but stiffer than steel. Unfortunately it is also brittle in room temperature and the oxide is considered to be toxic. A. Nickel B. Beryllium C. Magnesium D. Titanium

Beryllium

The density of titanium is: A. Higher than steel B. Between steel and aluminum C. Lower than aluminum

Between steel and aluminum

We can promote the process of solidification by: A. Cooling further below the melting temp B. Providing nucleating surfaces C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B

Both A and B

This structural feature is unique to dispersion strengthening. A. Substitutional point defects B. Boundaries between two different phases C. Grain boundaries D. Dislocation multiplication

Boundaries between two different phases

The H-14 suffix in 3003-H14 provides information relating to: A. Purity B. Alloying elements C. Carbon content D. Condition (past processing history)

Condition (past processing history)

During quenching, the most rapid cooling occurs during the ___ stage. A. Vapor jacket B. Bubble formation & removal C. Conduction & convection

Bubble formation & removal

The cooling conditions experienced by parts undergoing actual cooling are most accurately reflected in the: A. Equilibrium phase diagram B. T-T-T diagram C. C-T-T diagram

C-T-T diagram

The refractory metals usually have some form of protective coating. This coating is a : A. ceramic B. Polymer C. Titanium alloy D. Copper alloy

Ceramic

Materials in this family are hard or strong, offer good electrical and thermal insulation, and can be attractive for elevated temperature applications. Unfortunately, they are generally brittle. A. Metals B. Ceramics C. Polymers

Ceramics

In this region of a casting, typically the first region to solidify, many small grains form due to rapid nucleation on the walls of the mold: A. Chill B. Columnar C. Equiaxed D. Heat affected

Chill

This region of casting results from the selective growth of already- existing, favorably-oriented grains: A. Chill B. Columnar C. Equiaxed D. Heat affected

Columnar

Useful shapes are generally created from crystalline ceramics by: A. Plastic deformation using rolling, forging and extrusion B. Melting and solidification C. Compaction of fine powders followed by sintering (pressing and firing)

Compaction of fine powders followed by sintering (pressing and firing)

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement regarding composite materials? A. Distinct interfaces are present between component materials B. The components can be metals, ceramics, polymers, or even natural materials C. Each component retains its identity, structure, and properties D. Composite materials can be easily separated and recycled

Composite materials can be easily separated and recycled

Tempered glass acquires its enhanced toughness or fracture resistance through: A. Compressive residual stresses B. A continuous metal matrix C. Weak interfaces between components D. A metastable phase that transforms

Compressive residual stresses

The dominant uses of copper and copper alloys utilize the properties of: A. Lightweight and corrosion resistance B. Strength and color C. Conductivity and corrosion resistance D. Elevated temperature strength and wear resistance

Conductivity and corrosion resistance

A martensitic steel is one that: A. Contains significant amounts of carbon and achieves much of its strength from phase transformation hardening B. Is the cheapest, and if it achieves most of its strength from solid solution strengthening C. Offers the greatest ductility and formability (because of its FCC crystal structure)

Contains significant amounts of carbon and achieves much of its strength from phase transformation hardening

Shrink voids can form during solidification because when a metal goes from liquid to solid, it generally: A. Contracts B. Expands

Contracts

In this type of bonding, the bonds are "directional" (wanting a set and limited number of nearest neighbors). The resulting materials have relatively low density. A. Metallic B. Ionic C. Covalent D. Vander Waals

Covalent

In linear polymers, the bonding along the length of the fiber or chain is ____, but the bonding attraction between the molecular fibers or chains is ____. A. Ionic, covalent B. Covalent, ionic C. Covalent, vanderWaals D. VanderWaals, covalent

Covalent, VanderWaals

A stress-rupture diagram, including lines for various temperatures, is a compilation of data from multiple ___ tests. A. Tensile B. Impact C. Fatigue D. Creep E. Hardness

Creep

The endurance limit is one measurement of a material's ability to endure: A. Cyclic loadings B. Impact loads C. Elevated temperatures D. Wear conditions

Cyclic loadings

When a precipitate grows to the point where it loses "coherency" and becomes a distinct second phase, the strength of the material: A. Increases B. Decreases C. Remains unchanged

Decreases

To be age hardenable, an alloy should display a phase diagram with: A. increasing solubility with decreasing temperature B. Decreasing solubility with decreasing temperature

Decreasing solubility with decreasing temperature

The type of crystalline defect whose movement provides the plastic deformation observed in ductile metals is the: A. Vacancy B. Substitutional C. Dislocation D. Grain Boundary

Dislocation

The strength increase observed during strain hardening is primarily due to an enormous increase in the number or amount of: A. Substitutional atoms B. Dislocations C. Interstitial atoms D. Vacancies

Dislocations

This type of cast iron, that offers properties closest to steels, contains smooth-surface graphite spheres that form directly upon solidification. A. Gray B. White C. Malleable D. Ductile E. Compacted graphite

Ductile

The "ductility" of a material can be measured by which two tensile test properties? A. Young's modulus and tensile strength B. Tensile strength and elongation C. Elongation and reduction in area D. Elongation and Young's modulus

Elongation and reduction in area

The activation energy (the Q in the D= De^(-Q/RT)) is a measure of the: A. Number of atoms passing across a plane in a given time B. Energy required to cause an atom to move position within a crystal C. Distance an atom will move in a single jump

Energy required to cause an atom to move position within a crystal

Because the properties of this internal region of a casting are attractive, inoculation may be used to promote its formation or increase its size: A. Chill B. Columnar C. Equiaxed D. Heat affected

Equiaxed

Which of the following reactions occurs entirely in the solid state? A. Eutectic B. Eutectoid C. Peritectic D. Monotectic

Eutectoid

Upon cooling, iron changes from FCC to a BCC. Because of the relative packing factor efficiencies of these structures, iron will __ when it transforms from FCC to BCC. A. Contract B. Expand C. Remain unchanged

Expand

Because this structure has four non-parallel slip planes {111} with three slip directions in each for a total of 12 slip systems, it exhibits exceptional ductility. A. BCC B. FCC C. HCP

FCC

Cold working is an effective means of strengthening materials with this crystal structure A. SC B. BCC C. FCC D. HCP

FCC

In the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure, atoms touch along the: A. Cube edges B. Body diagonals C. Face diagonals

Face diagonals

To form smaller, more numerous grains and a stronger material, the cooling rate should be: A. Fast B. Slow

Fast

Ninety percent of all mechanical component failures occur as a result of : A. Tensile B. Impact C. Fatigue D. Creep

Fatigue

Parallel line striations and "beach marks" that appear on fracture surfaces are characteristic of failure by this means: A. Tensile B. Impact C. Fatigue D. Creep

Fatigue

Cast irons are alloys of: A. Fe-Si-Cr B. Fe-C-Si C. Fe-C-Cr D. Fe-Cr-Ni

Fe-C-Si

The room- temperature (BCC) form of iron that can only contain up to .02% carbon in solid solution is called: A. Ferrite B. O-Ferrite C. Austenite D. Cementite

Ferrite

The crystalline ceramics are brittle becasue: A. Their structures do not contain dislocations B. Fracture occurs at a lower stress than dislocation movement C. The structures involve highly cross-linked molecules

Fracture occurs at a lower stress than dislocation movement

Which of these process heat treatments produces the weakest, most ductile product for any carbon content steel? A. Process Anneal B. Full anneal C. Normalize D. Spheroidize

Full anneal

The third and final step of a three-step age hardening heat treatment would be to: A. Heat to a temp between the liquidus and solidus B. Heat to the single phase region and hold to produce a homogeneous solid C. Heat the super saturated phase material to a temperature below the solvus where the second phase will precipitate

Heat the super saturated phase material to a temperature below the solvus where the second phase will precipitate

The initial first step of a three- step age hardening heat treatment would be to: A. Heat to a temp between the liquidus and solidus B. Heat to the single phase region and hold to produce a homogeneous solid C. Heat the super saturated phase material to a temperature below the solvus where the second phase will precipitate

Heat to the single phase region and hold to produce a homogeneous solid

Which of the following is a significant limitation to the use of copper and copper alloys? A. Poor formability B. Poor conductivity C. Heavier than steel D. Poor corrosion resistance

Heavier than steel

Which type of nucleation is promoted by adding impurity particles to the melt (inoculation)? A. Homogeneous B. Heterogeneous

Heterogeneous

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of gray cast iron? A. Good resistance to sticking (adhesive) wear B. Good sound and vibration damping C. High fracture resistance D. Good machinablity

High fracture resistance

Which type of nucleation is rarely observed during normal solidification? A. Homogeneous B. Heterogeneous

Homogeneous

The tests done at Missouri S&T (then UMR) to investigate the brittleness of the hull plate steel from the HMS Titanic were this type of test: A. Tensile B. Impact C. Fatigue D. Creep E. Hardness

Impact

As the temperature is increased in the range of atomic diffusion, we would expect the rate of atom movement to ___ with temperature. A. Increase linearly B. Decrease linearly C. Increase exponentially D. Decrease exponentially

Increase exponentially

If we increase "hardenability" we: A. Increase the Rockwell C hardness B. Increase the ease of forming martensite

Increase the ease of forming martensite

Plastically deforming of "Cold working" a thermoplastic polymer would: A. Increase the strength of the resulting polymer B. Decrease the strength of the resulting polymer C. The strength of the polymer does not depend on deformation

Increase the strength of the resulting polymer

Replacing hydrogen side atoms with chlorine to form a copolymer would: A. Increase the strength of the resulting polymer B. Decrease the strength of the resulting polymer C. The strength of the polymer does not depend on the side atoms

Increase the strength of the resulting polymer

Adding imperfections to a commercial metal (one that already contains defects) will almost always __ the strength and __ the ductility. A. Increase, increase B. Increase, decrease C. Decrease, increase D. Decrease, decrease

Increase, increase

As the carbon content of the steel increases, the strength and hardness of the resulting martensite: A. Increases B. Decreases

Increases

The bonding in ceramic materials is: A. Ionic and metallic B. Covalent and metallic C. Ionic and covalent D. Covalent and van derWaals

Ionic and covalent

A ferritic stainless steel is one that: A. Contains significant amounts of carbon and achieves much of its strength from phase transformation hardening B. Is the cheapest, and if it achieves most of its strength from solid solution strengthening C. Offers the greatest ductility and formability (because of its FCC crystal structure)

Is the cheapest, and if it achieves most of its strength from solid solution strengthening

Because of the type of bond, diffusion would be easiest to activate in materials with ___ bonding. A. Ionic B. Covalent C. Metallic

Metallic

If the size of nucleating solid is greater that the critical radius for a given temperature,____: A. It will remelt, ex return to liquid B. It will continue to grow into a larger solid C. It will divide and create additional nuclei

It will continue to grow into a larger solid

In Fick's First Law, J= -D(dc/dx), the resultant movement of atoms (flux) is represented by this term: A. J B. D C. dc D. dx

J

Dual-phase steels are quenched from a temp that is: A. Just above the A1 B. midway between the A3 and A1 C. Above the A3

Just above the A1

Because of their geometries, the properties of ____ composites are always anisotropic A. Laminar B. Particulate C. Fiber reinforced

Laminar

Plywood, safety glass, bimetallic strip and Alclad are all examples of this type of composite A. Laminar B. Particulate C. Fiber-reinforced

Laminar

The thermodynamic term for the amount of heat energy released when liquid cools to a solid is: A. Specific Heat B. Superheat C. Latent heat of fusion D. Undercooling

Latent heat of fusion

In a crystalline lattice, the distance between adjacent lattice points (in a specified direction) is the: A. Miller index B. Lattice parameter C. Packing factor D. Coordination Number

Lattice parameter

The aspect ratio of a reinforcing fiber is the ratio of its: A. Strength to stiffness B. Strength to density C. Length to diameter D. Density to that of the matrix

Length to diameter

If we were to add 5% nickel to pure copper to produce a copper-5% nickel alloy, the ductility of the alloy would be ___ the ductility of pure copper. A. Greater than B. The same as C. Less than

Less than

Compared to aluminum, magnesium alloys are: A. Stronger B. Lighter C. More ductile D. More corrosion resistant

Lighter

Carbon is an interstitial atom when dissolved in iron. Because it is an interstitial, the solubility of carbon would definitely be: A. Zero B. Limited C. Unlimited

Limited

The temperature below which a material begins to solidify upon cooling is called the: A. Freezing range B. Liquidus C. Solidus D. Solvus

Liquidus

This type of cast iron, which is extremely hard and used almost exclusively for its outstanding wear resistance, has all of its high carbon in the form of Fe3C. A. Gray B. White C. Malleable D. Ductile E. Compacted graphite

Malleable

The true equilibrium form of carbon in iron-carbon alloys is: A. Cementite B. Austenite C. Martensite D. Graphite

Martensite

Which of the following structures is NOT a mixture of ferrite and cementite? A. Pearlite B. Bainite C. Martensite D. Tempered martensite

Martensite

Met 2110 focuses on which step in the manufacturing sequence? A.Material Selection B. Process selection C. Manufacture or fabrication D. Evaluation

Material Selection

Residual stresses produced by cold working: A. Are always detrimental B. May be advantageous or detrimental C. Are always advantageous

May be advantageous or detrimental

Because the electrons in this type of bonding are not captive to either atoms or locations, but are free to wander throughout the structure, electrical and thermal conductivities are good, and the materials are often ductile. A. Metallic B. Ionic C. Covalent D. Vander Waals

Metallic

Materials in this family often exhibit good strength and good ductility. They are also good electrical and thermal conductors. A. Metals B. Ceramics C. Polymers

Metals

When we need useful strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperature, we might want to consider alloys of: A. Aluminum B. Copper C. Nickel D. Magnesium

NIckel

The superalloy metals are based on which two metals? A. Nickel and cobalt B. TItanium and copper C. Tungsten and molybdenum D. Beryllium and magnesium

Nickel and cobalt

Since glass is a(n) ___ structure, its formation requires cooling at a rate that is ____ than some critical value. A. Equilibrium, slower B. Equilibrium, faster C. Nonequilibrium, slower D. Nonequilibrium, faster

Nonequilibrium, faster

Which of these process heat treatments cools steel in air during the transformation process? A. Process anneal B. Full Anneal C. Normalize D. Spherodize

Normalize

Copper and zinc are similar-size atoms. If zinc atoms are added to copper, they would be expected to: A. Occupy interstitial sites B. Occupy substitutional sites. C. Become vacancies

Occupy Substitutional sites

Carbon atoms are much smaller than iron atoms. We would expect the carbon atoms to: A. Occupy interstitial sites B. Occupy substitutional sites. C. Lie on grain boundaries

Occupy interstitial sites

An austenitic stainless steel is one that: A. Contains significant amounts of carbon and achieves much of its strength from phase transformation hardening B. Is the cheapest, and if it achieves most of its strength from solid solution strengthening C. Offers the greatest ductility and formability (because of its FCC crystal structure)

Offers the greatest ductility and formability (because of its FCC crystal structure)

Since it would be the least tightly bonded, the lowest temperature would be required to activate movement of an atom lying: A. On a free surface B. Along a grain boundary C. Within a crystal

On a free surface

In order to move a dislocation, we must A. Break all the bonds over an entire surface or plane of atoms B. Only break the bonds along a row or line of atoms C. Only break the bonds to a single or individual atom

Only break the bonds along a row or line of atoms

If an age-hardened aluminum-copper alloy is reheated to diffusion temperatures, the result will likely be: A. Overaging and an increase in strength B. Overaging and a loss of strength C. A decrease in ductility

Overaging and a loss of strength

Because of their geometries, the properties of ____ composites are always isotropic. A. Laminar B. Particulate C. Fiber reinforced

Particulate

The lamellar or layered structure, consisting of alternating plates of ferrite and cementite, is called: A. Cementite B. Pearlite C. Austenite D. Ferrite

Pearlite

The microstructure that forms above the "nose" in a eutectoid steel T-T-T diagram is: A. Pearlite B. Bainite C. Martensite

Pearlite

Ceramic materials excel when: A. Mechanical properties dominate the selection process B. Physical properties dominate the selection process

Physical properties dominate the selection process

If the liquid ahead of a growing solid has a temp higher than the melting point, growth into the liquid will be: A. Dendritic growth B. Planar growth

Planar growth

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of aluminum? A. Poor thermal conductivity B. Poor wear resistance C. Low stiffness D. Poor in fatigue

Poor thermal conductivity

Which of the following techniques is used to impart enhanced rigidity and dimensional stability to the rubbery elastomers? A. Produce longer chains B. Promote cross-linking C. Initiate branching D. Cold work (deform) the polymer

Promote cross- linking

In a fiber-reinforced composite, we ask the matrix material to do all of the following EXCEPT: A. Provide strength and stiffness B. Provide ductility and toughness C. Support the fibers D. Provide desired electrical or thermal conductivity

Provide strength and stiffness

Which of the following is NOT a standard condition for the tensile test? A. Rapid rate of loading B. Diameter of .505 inches C. Room Temp D. Gage length of 2 inches

Rapid rate of loading

The stage of annealing where the residual stresses from cold working are eliminated, but the strengthening remains is: A. Recovery B. Recrystallization C. Grain Growth

Recovery

The stage of annealing where the effects of strain hardening are removed, and ductility is restored is: A. Recovery B. Recrystallization C. Grain Growth

Recrystallization

The stage of annealing where the number of dislocations decreases significantly is: A. Recovery B. Recrystallization C. Grain Growth

Recrystallization

The use of advanced ceramics is most limited by the inability to: A. Control material purity B. Control sintering time and temperature C. Reduce flaw size

Reduce flaw size

Metallic-bonded materials prefer crystal structures with dense packing and a large number of nearest neighbors. The LEAST attractive structure is ___ since it has only ___ neighbors. A. SC -- 6 B. BCC -- 8 C. SC -- 8 D. BCC -- 6

SC -- 6

The Hume-Rothery rules for unlimited solid solubility between two metals include all of these similarities EXCEPT: A. Same crystal structure B. Similar electronegativity or valence C. Similar strength D. Similar atomic radii

Similar strength

A material with a ASTM grain size of 8 would have __ crystals compared to one of ASTM 4. A. Smaller B. The same size C. Larger

Smaller

Increasing the cooling rate of a eutectic material will produce a structure with ___ interlamellar spacing (or layer thickness) and ___ strength. A. Smaller, higher B. Smaller, lower C. Larger, lower D. Larger, higher

Smaller, higher

Ideally, we would like the matrix of an age hardenable alloy to be: A. Hard and brittle B. Soft and ductile

Soft and ductile

The temperature at which a material is fully solidified is called the: A. Freezing range B. Liquidus C. Solidus D. Solvus

Solidus

Which of the following is NOT an attractive feature of adhesive bonding? A. The joints offer good strength at elevated temperatures (in excess of 500F) B. All materials and combinations can be joined C. The adhesive can provide noise and vibration damping D. Adhesives are light in weight

The joints offer good strength at elevated temperatures (in excess of 500F)

In the plastic region of the tensile test: A. The material is always getting stronger B. The material gets stronger only up to the tensile strength C. The material gets weaker due to dislocation movement

The material is always getting stronger

During hot working, the material is deformed at which temperatures? A. The melting temp. B. Room temp. C. The recrystallization temp.

The recrystallization temp

Plastic deformation commences when: A. The resolved shear stress equals the critical resolved shear stress B. The applied stress equals the critical resolved shear stress

The resolved shear stress equals the critical resolved shear stress

If one steel alloy has a flat hardenability curve and a maximum hardness of Rockwell C 35 and another steel alloy has a hardenability curve that drops off quickly as Jd Increases, but a maximum hardness of Rockwell C 65, which steel alloy has the highest carbon content? A. The steel with the flat hardenability curve B. The steel with the steep hardenability curve C. The steel with hardness of Rockwell C 35 D. The steel with hardness of Rockwell C 65

The steel with the hardness of Rockwell C 65

The Rule of Mixtures predicts properties based on: A. The size, shape and distribution of the components B. The volume fractions of the component materials C. The orientation of the component materials

The volume fractions of the component materials

The most easily recyclable polymers are almost always: A. Thermoplastics B. Thermosets C. Elastomers

Thermoplastics

Polymers of this type tend to have the highest strength and highest rigidity. Two-part epoxy is an example: A. Thermoplastic B. Thermoset C. Elastomer

Thermoset

This is the only lightweight metal that is also considered to be an "elevated temperature" material, retaining useful strength up through 500C or 900F A. Aluminum B. Beryllium C. Magnesium D. Titanium

Titanium

This metal can offer strength comparable to heat-treated medium-carbon steel at a little more than half the weight of steel, and is often found in aerospace applications. A. Aluminum B. Beryllium C. Magnesium D. Titanium

Titanium

Engineering strain is defined as: A. applied load/ original area B. Applied load/ actual area C. Total stretch/ original length D. The slope in the elastic region

Total stretch/ original length

Which of the following is considered a refractory metal? A. Tungsten B. Magnesium C. Aluminum D. Nickel

Tungsten

Which of the following is considered a refractory metal? A. Tungsten B. Magnesium C. Aluminum D. Nickel

Tungsten

Linear or chain-type polymers form when the reacting mers have a functionality of: A. One B. Two C. Three or more D. Any of these

Two

Dispersion-strengthened particulate composites are generally formed to extend or enhance the: A. Useful temperature range of a material B. Material toughness C. Material's ductility D. Material rigidity

Useful temperature range of a material

The two most common mechanisms for atom movement (diffusion) are: A. Vacancy and ring B. Vacancy and interstitial C. Ring and interstitial D. Dislocation and grain boundary

Vacancy and interstitial

All of the bonding electrons are tied up within molecules in this type of bonding. If the charge is not distributed uniformly within the molecules, a weak electrostatic attraction can occur between the polarized molecules. Its effects are often significant in polymeric materials. A. Metallic B. Ionic C. Covalent D. Vander Waals

Vander Waals

When fabricating products from thermoplastic polymers, production may be slowed because we must: A. Wait for the polymer to cool in the mold before it can be ejected. B. Provide time for the resin to cure in the mold before ejection C. Alloy time for the material to sufficiently cross-link

Wait for the polymer to cool in the mold before it can be ejected

This type of cast iron, which is extremely hard and used almost exclusively for its outstanding wear resistance, has all of its high carbon in the form of Fe3C. A. Gray B. White C. Malleable D. Ductile E. Compacted graphite

White

An aluminum alloy has the designation 3003-H14. This alloy would be a: A. Wrought alloy B. Casting alloy

Wrought alloy

What is the difference between wrought and cast alloys? A. Wrought is single-phase, cast is multi-phase B. Wrought is heat-treated, cast are not-heat-treated C. Wrought is shaped as a solid, cast is shaped as a liquid D. Wrought is strengthened by age hardening, cast is cold worked

Wrought is shaped as a solid, cast is shaped as a liquid

The first signs of permanent or plastic deformation are most closely associated with this value on a tensile test curve: A. Yield point B. Tensile strength C. Breaking strength

Yield point

To be age hardenable, an alloy should be precipitates that are: A. Hard, brittle and incoherent B. Hard, brittle and coherent C. Soft, ductile and incoherent D. Soft, ductile and coherent

hard, brittle and coherent