Final Exam Part 2

Which statement is true regarding the ANS?

The integrative centers for autonomic activity are located in the hypothalamus.

Which of the following statements regarding tobacco smoking and lung damage is true?

Neoplasia is not reversible, even if the person stops smoking, but can be treated by surgery.

Which of these descriptions best matches the term platelets?

adhere to collagen beneath endothelium

Which of the following terms can be used interchangeably?

antigen and agglutinogen

The white matter of the cerebellum forms the

arbor vitae

Which is greater: arterial pressure or venous pressure? (Module 19.5B)

arterial pressure

Which pathology is described as a thickening and toughening of arterial walls?

arteriosclerosis

Which senses are affected by damage to the temporal lobes? (Module 13.12B)

auditory and olfactory

Which of the following muscles move the testes towards the body?

both the cremaster and the dartos

Which of these glands secretes a fluid that lubricates the tip of the penis?

bulbourethral gland

Which of the following is characterized as a slowly progressing disease that is irreversible?

chronic renal failure

Which of the following is not a component of the defecation reflex?

contraction of the external anal sphincter

Which type of lens would correct hyperopia? (Module 15.14B)

converging lens (with at least one convex surface)

Which eye structure does not contain blood vessels? (Module 15.8A)

cornea

Which of the following is a function of the incisors?

cutting

Which of the following monitors body position and motion?

hair cells of the vestibule and semicircular ducts

Which of the following is not one of the six taste sensations?

peppery

Which of the following is not a function of blood?

produce hormones

Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

provides ATP for impulse transmission

Which of the following break(s) the rule that arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

pulmonary arteries

Which of the following visceral reflexes is not coordinated by the medulla oblongata?

pupillary reflex

An X-ray image of the urinary system is called a

pyelogram

Your uncle was just diagnosed with a heart attack. One of his major symptoms is left arm pain. You are not surprised because you are familiar with the phenomenon of ________ pain.

referred

Which of the following hypothalamic functions is incorrect?

regulate lactation — preoptic region

Which of the following regions of the kidney is in contact with the fibrous capsule?

renal cortex

Which structure is a conical mass within the renal medulla that ends at the papilla? (Module 24.3A)

renal pyramid

Which of the following systems is responsible for gas exchange?

respiratory

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the systemic circuit? (Module 19.1C)

right atrium

Which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae?

right atrium

Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood out the pulmonary trunk?

right ventricle

Which of the following is not a function of the tongue?

saliva production

Which of the blood samples tested could donate to a person with type A+ blood?

samples 1 and 4

Which gestational period is dominated by the development of organs and organ systems?

second trimester

Which of the following are the smallest venous vessels?

venules

Why does a mother's blood volume increase during pregnancy? (Module 27.9B)

A mother's blood volume increases to accommodate for flow through the placenta.

Why can't a person with type A blood safely receive blood from a person with type B blood? (Module 17.7D)

A person with type A blood will have anti-B antibodies that will agglutinate with type B blood.

Which is incorrect regarding smooth muscle in the digestive tract?

A smooth muscle fiber has an extensive network of T tubules.

Which part of the intrinsic conduction system delays the impulse briefly before it moves on to the ventricles?

AV node

Why are numerous sperm required to fertilize a secondary oocyte? (Module 27.2C)

Acrosomal enzymes from multiple sperm are needed to penetrate the corona radiata.

Which of the following is a known effect of thyroid hormone on peripheral tissues?

All of the answers are correct.

Which brain region has been affected in a stroke victim who is unable to speak? (Module 13.12C)

Broca's area

Which cranial nerve provides roughly 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow?

CN X

Which statement describes irreversible shock?

Circulatory collapse occurs when arteriolar smooth muscles and precapillary sphincters become unable to contract.

Which cranial nerves provide taste sensations from the tongue? (Module 15.22A)

Cranial nerves VII, IX, and X.

Why does a man have a deeper voice and a larger larynx than a woman? (Module 27.13B)

During puberty, testosterone causes greater laryngeal development than estrogen so a male will have a larger larynx and a deeper voice.

Why does the near point of vision typically increase with age? (Module 15.9C)

Elasticity of the lens decreases with age.

Which region of the diencephalon contains the pineal body?

Epithalamus

Which of the following best summarizes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Genotype refers to the gene alleles that one has, and phenotype refers to the trait that is expressed in response to those alleles.

Which of the following is normally produced in the liver, and could explain why Joe's blood is ineffective at carrying around important molecules?

Globulins

Which part of the diencephalon is connected to the pituitary gland?

Hypothalamus

Which statement is correct regarding surgical sterilization in males?

In a vasectomy, each ductus deferens is cut, and either a segment is removed (and the ends tied or cauterized), or silicone plugs are inserted.

Which is true regarding the defecation reflex?

It involves two positive feedback loops.

Which of the following is true for the craniosacral division?

It is also called the parasympathetic division of the ANS.

Why is it beneficial for capillary pressure to be very low? (Module 19.5C)

It is beneficial for capillary pressure to be low to allow time for diffusion between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid.

Which of the following is true regarding the inferior vena cava?

It is considered a large vein.

Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is false?

It releases hormones, all of which are lipids, directly into the bloodstream.

Why do things look blurry underwater without dive goggles or a mask?

Rather than air, light is moving from water into the cornea and is thus refracted too little for a sharp focus.

Which structure is found separating the renal pyramids?

Renal columns

Which region of the kidney is the most superficial?

Renal cortex

Which chamber of the heart exits into the pulmonary trunk?

Right ventricle

Which part of the conduction system initiates the depolarizing impulse, which spreads throughout the heart?

SA node

Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle? (Module 18.11A)

Tetany does not occur because cardiac muscle has a long refractory period that continues until relaxation is well under way so summation cannot occur, and thus tetany cannot occur.

Which region acts as a relay center for sensory messages ascending to the cerebrum?

Thalamus

Which event occurs during week 4 of development?

The connections between the embryo and the surrounding trophoblast begin to constrict.

Which is the resulting event if fertilization does not occur?

The corpus albicans is formed.

Which of the following responses do not occur when blood glucose levels are increasing above the normal range, such as after eating a meal?

There is an increase in the breakdown of fat into fatty acids in adipose tissue.

Why are valves located in veins but not in arteries? (Module 19.4A)

Valves are located in veins to prevent blood from flowing backward because venous pressure is too low to keep the blood moving back toward the heart.

Why is ventricular fibrillation fatal? (Module 18.13C)

Ventricular fibrillation is fatal because the ventricles quiver and do not pump blood to the systemic circulation.

Which of these age-based changes is false?

Vital capacity increases.

Which of the following is not a property of thermoreceptors?

Warm receptors outnumber cold receptors.

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the partial or complete blockage of the coronary arteries that causes coronary ischemia?

a stent

Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from

a superficial vein.

Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?

pancreas

Which of the following is a barrier method of birth control?

diaphragm

With respect to ABO and Rh blood groups, there are __________ different blood types.

eight

Which of the following is mismatched?

endocrine communication — target cells are directly adjacent to each other

White blood cells that are increased in individuals with allergic reactions are the

eosinophils.

Which male accessory organ functions as the site of sperm maturation?

epididymis

Which of the following are the most abundant of the formed elements?

erythrocytes

Which of the following hormones increases production of red blood cells?

erythropoietin

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?

excretes abundant protein molecules

Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?

filtration

Which of the following is NOT a function of the blood?

generates body temperature

Which of the following is not a component of the limbic system?

globus pallidus

Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal plates?

growth hormone

Which heart chamber receives blood from the lungs?

left atrium

Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins?

left atrium

Which respiratory organ features a cardiac notch?

left lung

Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit?

left ventricle

Which stage of spermatogenesis yields four immature (undifferentiated) haploid cells?

meiosis II

Which muscle(s) contract(s) to cause the movement indicated by the arrows labeled "6" and "7"?

none, quiet expiration is passive.

Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system?

oropharynx

Which hormone causes the milk ejection (milk let-down) reflex? (Module 27.11B)

oxytocin

You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to

smell his food.

Which pair of salivary glands contributes most to saliva production? (Module 22.19C)

submandibular

Which pair of salivary glands secretes substances that reduce oral bacteria populations? (Module 22.19D)

submandibular

Which types of tactile receptors are located only in the dermis? (Module 13.18A)

tactile corpuscles, lamellar corpuscles, and bulbous corpuscles

Which of the following is not one of the special senses?

touch

Which blood type contains RBCs with surface antigen B only and plasma that contains only anti-A antibodies?

type B