Final Exam Review

Which of the following is an action of the middle fibers of the deltoid muscles? A. Abduction B. Extension C. Flexion D. Adduction

A. Abduction

The cuboid bone is located medially with respect to the navicular bone. True or false?

False. The cuboid bone is located LATERALLY with respect to the navicular bone.

The semitendinosus muscle is located laterally and internally rotates the knee. True or false?

False. The semitendinosus muscle is located POSTEROMEDIALLY and internally rotates the knee.

There are only 100 muscles in the body. True or false?

False. There are more than 600 muscles in the body

Movement at the elbow joint by the forearm moving away from the shoulder is accurately described by the term "flexion". True or false?

False. Movement at the elbow joint by the forearm moving away from the shoulder is accurately described by the term "EXTENSION".

The "Y" ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension. True or false?

False. The "Y" ligament is located ANTERIORLY and prevents hyperextension.

The scapula and clavicle serve as proximal attachments for the muscles that flex and extend the elbow. True or False?

False. The RADIUS and ULNA serve as proximal attachments for the muscles that flex and extend the elbow.

The elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows for internal and external rotation. True or false?

False. The elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows for FLEXION and EXTENSION.

Kinesiology is the study of motion or human motion. True or false?

True

Structural kinesiology is a study of muscles as they're involved in the science of motion. True or false?

True

Motion of the elbow primarily involves movement between the articular surfaces of the humerus and ulna. True or false?

True.

The "Tom, Dick and Harry" phrase refers to the ____ muscles. a. Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Extensor, Extensor Hallucis Longus b. Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Extensor Hallucis Longus c. Tibialis Anterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus d. Tibialis Posterior, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus

c. Tibialis Anterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus

Which of the following is not true of the quadriceps muscle group? a. Consists of 4 separate muscles b. Serve to extend the knee c. Covered by the Vastus Intermedius d. Located in the anterior compartment of the thigh

c. Covered by the Vastus Intermedius

Which of the following is not an action performed by the pectoralis major? a. flexion b. adduction c. pronation d. extension

c. pronation

Raising the humerus high out to the side to ask a question involves which of the following motions? a. humeral flexion b. scapular downward rotation c. scapular upward rotation d. clavicular depression

c. scapular upward rotation

Which of the following is not a muscle of the rotator group? a. supraspinatus b. infraspinatus c. teres major d. subscapularis

c. teres major

Which of the following muscles is located most posteriorly on the human body? a. serratus anterior b. levator scapulae c. trapezius d. pectoralis minor

c. trapezius

The generally accepted ratio of scapulohumeral rhythm of X to Y or for every X degree of GH motion there is Y degree of scapula motion is? a. 1:2 b. 3:2 c. 1:1 d. 2:1

d. 2:1

Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee? a. Semitendinosus b. Semimembranosus c. Vastus Lateralis d. Biceps Femoris

d. Biceps Femoris

Which of the following can perform flexion of the 4 lesser toes when concentrically contracting? a. Gastrocnemius b. Soleus c. Tibialis Anterior d. Flexor Digitorum Longus

d. Flexor Digitorum Longus

Glenohumeral joint stability is enhanced by the glenoid labrum. True or false?

True

The trapezius can perform scapula adduction when activated. True or false?

True

The two pelvic bones join to form the amphiarthrodial joint referred to as the symphysis pubis. True or false?

True.

The ulna is much larger proximally than the radius. True or false?

True.

Toe flexion is movement of the toes toward the plantar surface of the foot. True or false?

True.

Which of the following can perform flexion of the great toe when concentrically contracting? a. Flexor Hallucis Longus b. Peroneus Longus c. Peroneus Brevis d. Peroneus Tertius

a. Flexor Hallucis Longus

Which of the following can perform knee flexion while concentrically contracting? a. Gastrocnemius b. Soleus c. Tibialis Anterior d. Flexor Digitorum Longus

a. Gastrocnemius

Triceps Surae refers to the _____ muscles. a. Gastrocnemius and Soleus b. Peroneus Longus, Brevis and Tertius c. "Tom, Dick and Harry" d. Triceps Fibularis

a. Gastrocnemius and Soleus

Bones are different shapes and sizes- particularly at the joints, which DON'T allow or limit motion. True or false?

False. Bones are different shapes and sizes- particularly at the joints, which DO allow or limit motion.

During both walking and running, there is a point where neither foot is touching the ground. True or false?

False. During RUNNING there is a point where neither foot is touching the ground.

Inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on the medial edge of the foot. True or false?

False. EVERSION is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on the medial edge of the foot.

The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion of the knee. True or false?

False. The femoral condyles articulate with the TIBIAL condyles during flexion of the knee.

The levator scapulae muscle is responsible for upward rotation of the inferior angle of the scapulae. True or false?

False. The levator scapulae muscle is responsible for ELEVATION of the scapulae.

The medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the fibula. True or false?

False. The medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the TIBIA.

The acetabular femoral joint is reinforced by an extremely weak ligamentous capsule and the stability of this joint is attributed to the surrounding musculature. True or false?

False. The acetabular femoral joint is reinforced by an extremely STRONG ligamentous capsule and the stability of this joint is ALSO attributed to the surrounding musculature.

While in anatomical position, the radius is medial with respect to the ulna. True or False?

False. The radius is LATERAL with respect to the radius.

The structural instability of the acetabular femoral joint makes this joint susceptible to subluxations and dislocations. True or false?

False. The structural stability of the acetabular femoral joint makes this joint RESISTANT to subluxations and dislocations.

The teres ligament is located superficially and slightly limits adduction. True or false?

False. The teres ligament is located DEEP and slightly limits adduction

Biomechanics is the study of mechanical physics to human motion. True or false?

True

Bony stability of the elbow in full extension is enhanced by the olecranon process fitting into the olecranon fossa. True or false?

True.

Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia. True or false?

True.

Functions of the acetabular femoral joint include weight bearing and locomotion. True or false?

True.

Pronation is a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion and forefoot abduction. True or false?

True.

Tears in the menisci can occur due to both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running. True or false?

True.

The ankle and foot joints are composed of 26 bones in each foot. True or false?

True.

The distal attachments of the radioulnar joint are located on the radius. True or false?

True.

The distal malleoli of the tibia and fibula serve as pulleys for the posterior tendons to increase the mechanical advantage of the respective muscles in performing inversion and eversion. True or false?

True.

The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures, but does not articulate with the femur or patella. True or false?

True.

The most common type of ankle sprain results from excessive inversion that causes damage to the lateral structures. True or false?

True.

The pubofemoral ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and limits excessive extension and abduction. True or false?

True.

The radial collateral ligament provides lateral stability to the elbow and is rarely injured. True or false?

True.

The semimembranosus muscle is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee. True or false?

True.

The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula. True or false?

True.

Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee? a. Semimembranosus b. Tensor Fascia Latae c. Vastus Medialis d. Biceps Femoris

a. Semimembranosus

The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the? a. acromion process b. coracoid process c. spine of scapula

a. acromion process

When viewed from the anatomical position, which of the following is located on the posterior surface of the arm? a. anconeus b. brachioradialis c. pronator quadratus d. biceps brachii

a. anconeus

An action common to the infraspinatus and teres minor is? a. external rotation b. flexion c. extension d. adduction

a. external rotation

Which of the following is considered to be an extrinsic GH muscle? a. latissmus dorsi b. subscapularis c. deltoid d. coracobrachialis

a. latissmus dorsi

Which of the following is not an action of the pectoralis major muscle? a. retraction b. internal rotation c. flexion d. adduction

a. retraction

Which of the following positions would be best to stretch the pectoralis minor? a. retraction b. elevation c. upward rotation d. depression

a. retraction

Which of the following is not a structure directly associated with the shoulder girdle? a. ribs b. clavicle c. scapula d. humerus

a. ribs

Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except? a. sartorius b. semitendinosus c. biceps femoris d. gluteus maximus

a. sartorius

The most common glenohumeral dislocation is? a. posterior b. anterior c. lateral d. superior

b. anterior

The most superiorly located bony landmark of the scapula is the? a. acromion process b. coracoid process c. spine of scapula

b. coracoid process

Which of the following is not performed by the trapezius? a. protraction b. downward rotation c. retraction d. elevation

b. downward rotation

An action common to the latissmus dorsi, teres major, and lower pectoralis is? a. depression b. extension c. adduction d. external rotation

b. extension

Which of the following is not an action of the brachioradialis muscle? a. supination b. extension c. flexion d. pronation

b. extension

Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip external rotation? a. TFL b. gluteus maximus c. adductor brevis d. biceps femoris

b. gluteus maximus

Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip abduction? a. iliopsoas b. gluteus medius c. pectineus d. semimembranosus

b. gluteus medius

Which of the following bony landmarks is located on the posterior surface of the scapula? a. acromion process b. infraspinatus fossa c. glenoid fossa d. subscapular fossa

b. infraspinatus fossa

An action common to the latissmus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis and pectoralis major is? a. abduction b. internal rotation c. flexion d. external rotation

b. internal rotation

The gluteus medius muscle is located ____ and performs ____? a. medially, adduction b. laterally, abduction c. anteriorly, flexion d. posteriorly, extension

b. laterally, abduction

The iliopsoas muscle is located ____ and performs ____? a. medially, adduction b. laterally, abduction c. anteriorly, flexion d. posteriorly, extension

b. laterally, abduction

Flexion of the elbow and supination of the forearm occur about the ____ and ____ axes, respectively. a. anteroposterior and mediolateral b. mediolateral and longitudinal c. longitudinal and mediolateral

b. mediolateral and longitudinal

The muscles included in the shoulder girdle group include all of the following except? a. serratus anterior b. pectoralis major c. rhomboid d. trapezius

b. pectoralis major

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the relative stability of the hip joint? a. bony architecture b. rich nervous innervation c. strong ligaments d. large supportive muscles

b. rich nervous innervation

Which of the following muscles of the shoulder joint is located on the posterior surface of the scapula? a. deltoid b. supraspinatus c. subscapularis d. coracobrachialis

b. supraspinatus

Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee? a. There are more than 10 in and around the knee b. Some bursae are connected to synovial cavities c. Bursae are composed of mostly fatty tissue d. Bursae absorb shock and/or reduce friction

c. Bursae are composed of mostly fatty tissue

The sartorius muscle is located ____ and performs ____? a. medially, adduction b. laterally, abduction c. anteriorly, flexion d. posteriorly, extension

c. anteriorly, flexion

Which of the following is a function of the latissmus dorsi muscle? a. extension b. flexion c. both internal rotation and extension d. internal rotation

c. both internal rotation and extension

Which of the following is performed by the levator scapulae? a. protraction b. upward rotation c. elevation d. depression

c. elevation

Which of the following glenohumeral motions is often restricted (not sufficient) leading to a higher risk of injury among overhead throwing? a. flexion b. horizontal abduction c. internal rotation d. adduction

c. internal rotation

Which of the following is not an intrinsic GH muscle? a. coracobrachialis b. teres major c. pectoralis major d. deltoid

c. pectoralis major

Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle? a. abduction of the hip b. adduction of the hip c. external rotation of the hip d. flexion of the hip

a. abduction of the hip

Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group? a. Contribute to knee flexion b. Located in the posterior compartment of the thigh c. Consists of 3 separate muscles d. Provide static stability for the knee

d. Provide static stability for the knee

An action common to the latissmus dorsi, teres major, lower pectoralis major is? a. diagonal abduction b. horizontal abduction c. abduction d. adduction

d. adduction

All of the following are bony landmarks located on the humerus except? a. lateral condyloid ridge b. olecranon fossa c. coronoid fossa d. coronoid process

d. coronoid process

Which of the following is not a function of the latissmus dorsi muscle? a. extension b. horizontal abduction c. internal rotation d. external rotation

d. external rotation

The biceps femoris muscle is located ____ and performs ____? a. medially, adduction b. laterally, abduction c. anteriorly, flexion d. posteriorly, extension

d. posteriorly, extension

The semimembranous muscle is located ____ and performs ____? a. medially, adduction b. laterally, abduction c. anteriorly, flexion d. posteriorly, extension

d. posteriorly, extension

When viewed from the anatomical position, which of the following is located on the anterior surface of the arm? a. anconeus b. supinator c. triceps brachii d. pronator teres

d. pronator teres

Which of the following is not a muscle of the rotator group? a. subscapularis b. infraspinatus c. teres minor d. serratus anterior

d. serratus anterior

Which of the following bony landmarks is located on the anterior surface of the scapula? a. supraspinatus fossa b. infraspinatus fossa c. glenoid fossa d. subscapular fossa

d. subscapular fossa

Which of the following isn't a factor that can contribute to the predisposition for injury at the GH joint? a. lax ligaments b. shallow fossa c. increased mobility d. tight configuration of ligaments e.lack of muscle strength

d. tight configuration of ligaments

Which of the following are actions directly associated with the shoulder girdle? a. depression, flexion, downward rotation b. elevation, retraction, extension c. circumduction, adduction, abduction d. upward rotation, protraction, elevation

d. upward rotation, protraction, elevation