Final Multiple Choice (HW 7)

The female gametangium, or ____________, produces an egg; the male gametangium, or ___________, produces sperm cells

archegonium; antheridium

A major innovation of land plants is embryop protection. How is a moss embryo protected from desiccation?

by the archegonium

Plants probably descended from a group of green algae called

charophytes

In the alternation of generations in plants, what do the spores directly give rise to?

gametophytes

In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?

haploid spores

The green, gametangia-bearing moss plant

is the haploid gametophyte

A plant group whose members are known as bryophytes is commonly known as

liverworts, hornworts, & mosses

Liverworts and hornworts share life-cycle similarities with

mosses

Which of the following characteristics of land plants is absent in their closest relatives, the charophytes algae?

multicellular embryos protected by parental tissue

In plant life cycles

the first stage in the haploid gametophyte generation is the prothallus

Lawns are sometimes fertilized with nitrate that can be washed into neighboring woodlots b rain. If the trees in that woodlot are associatedwith EMF, what effect might the excess nitrate have on the fungi and/or trees?

the trees may take up the nitrate directl into their roots and rely less on the fungi

The Greek root ECTO means "outer". Why are ectomycorrhizal fungi, or EMF, aptly name?

their hyphae form dense mats that evelop roots, but do not penetrate the walls of cells inside the root

The hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form bushy structures after making contact with the plasma membrane of a root cell. Why?

they increase the surface area available for the transfer of nutrients

The evolutionary step from the bryophytes involved the formation of which of the following?

vascular tissue