Final part 2
The primary response will peak how many days after an exposure? A) 1 day or less B) 2-7 C) 10-17 D) 20-30 E) Over a month
10-17
Which of the following is an INCORRECT matching of immune system cells and their functions? a) Macrophage - process and presentation of foreign antigens to T cells b) Dendritic cell - processes and presents antigen to T and B cells c) B cells - process and presents antigen to helper T cells d) Plasma cell - produces and secretes antibodies e) All of these are correct matching of the cells and their functions
All of these are correct matching of the cells and their functions
Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system? a) Drain excessive interstitial fluid b) Transport dietary lipids c) Carry out immune responses d) All of these are functions of the lymphatic system e) None of these are functions of the lymphatic system
All of these are functions of the lymphatic system
Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody? A) Phagocytosis B) Antigen C) Antibody D) Defensin E) Imunnoglobulin
Antigen
Which class of cells includes macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells? A) Antigen presenting cells B) Primary lymphocytes C) T cells D) RBC E) Epitope cells
Antigen presenting cells
Genetic recombination generates diversity in what specific part of the immune system? a) Antigen receptors b) MALT c) Hapten d) Interleukins e) Epitopes
Antigen receptors
Which anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis, phagocytosis and inflammation? A) Transferrins B) Perforins C) Complement proteins D) Defensins E) Interferons
Complement proteins
As part of our second line of defense, ___________ promotes lysis and phagocytosis of microbes while __________ protects uninfected cells from viral replication.
Complement system proteins, interferons (IFNs)
This portion of the lymph node contains lymphatic nodules. A) Cortex B) Hilum C) Medulla D) Sinuses E) Trabeculae
Cortex
Which of the following is a small hormone that can stimulate or inhibit many normal cell functions? A) Enzyme B) Kinins C) Cytokine D) MHC E) Leukocyte
Cytokine
True or False? The presence of more abundant efferent than afferent lymph vessels associated with each lymph node slows the one-way flow of lymph in the series of lymphatic sinuses for more efficient immune response.
False
Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair? * A) Complement proteins B) Perforin C) Fever D) Macrophages E) Natural killer cells
Fever
Which of the following stimulates an immune response ONLY when it is attached to a larger carrier molecule? A) Epitope B) Antigen C) Hapten D) MHC E) CD8
Hapten
Which cells display CD4 proteins and interact with MHC Class II antigens? A) Cytotoxic T cells B) Helper T Cells C) Memory T Cells D) MHC E) B cells
Helper T Cells
Which cell must be activated in order to achieve virtually all cell mediated immune responses? a) Cytotoxic T Cells b) B lymphocytes c) Helper T cells d) Eosinophils e) Mast cells
Helper T cells
Which class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions? A) IgG B) IgA C) IgM D) IgD E) IgE
IgA
Which class of antibodies in the blood and lymph indicates a recent invasion A) IgA B) IgE C) IgM D) IgD E) IgG
IgM
When B and T cells are fully developed and mature, they are described as being A) Immunocompetent B) Pluripotent stem cells C) Primary lymphatic cells D) Specifically promoted E) Germ cells
Immunocompetent
Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the immune system? a) Increased susceptibility to infections b) Increased susceptibility to malignancies c) Decreased response to vaccines d) Increased response of T cells to antigens e) Decreased production of antibodies
Increased response of T cells to antigens
Which of the following is an effect of stress on the immune system? a) Increased activity of T lymphocytes b) Increased activity of B lymphocytes c) Hypersensitivity of the immune system d) Inhibition of the immune system e) Increased production of antibodies
Inhibition of the immune system
Which anti-microbial substances reduce viral replication in uninfected cells? A) Transferrins B) Perforins C) Complement proteins D) Defensins E) Interferons
Interferons
Which cytokine released by macrophages acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature during fever? a) Interleukin-1 b) Interleukin-2 c) Interleukin-4 d) Gamma interferon e) Perforin
Interleukin-1
Which of the following C3 activation pathways involves antigen-antibody complexes leading to inflammation, enhancement of phagocytosis and lysis of microbes? a) Classical pathway b) Alternative pathway c) Apoptosis d) Lectin pathway e) Opsonization
Lectin pathway
What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white? a) Proteins b) WBC c) RBC d) Lipids e) Carbohydrates
Lipids
What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid? A) Composition of electrolytes B) White blood cells are present in lymph C) Location D) Types of proteins present E) Red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid
Location
The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in A) Lymphatic system B) Cardiovascular system C) Immune system D) Lymphatic and Immune systems only E) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
Which of the following cells exists in the greatest variety in the immune system? A) Natural killer cell B) Monocyte C) RBC D) Lymphocyte E) Macrophage
Lymphocyte
Which chemical released by cytotoxic T cells fragments DNA? A) Perforin B) Tumor antigen C) Interferons D) Lymphotoxin E) Toxin T
Lymphotoxin
Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier? * A) Macrophages B) Saliva C) Urine D) Mucus E) Stratified squamous epithelium
Macrophages
Which of these provides a non-specific second line of defense? A) Macrophages B) T lymphocytes C) B lymphocytes D) Memory B cells E) Stratified squamous epithelium
Macrophages
Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic and immune system? * A) Draining excess interstitial fluid B) Maintaining water homeostasis in the body C) Transporting dietary lipids D) Carrying out immune responses E) All of the above are functions of the lymphatic and immune system.
Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation? A) Redness B) Pain C) Heat D) Mucus production E) Swelling
Mucus production
Together _______________ trap(s) and __________ remove microbes and dust from the upper respiratory tract.
Mucus, cilia
Which of the following organ systems is NOT aided by the MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)? a) Respiratory system b) Digestive system c) Muscular system d) Urinary system e) Reproductive system
Muscular system
Of the following which is part of the body's second line of defense? A) Mucous cells B) Germ cells C) Lymphocytes D) Natural killer cells E) None of the above
Natural killer cells
Which of the following cells is part of the body's second line of defense? a) Mucous cells b) Dendritic cells c) B and T Lymphocytes d) Natural killer cells e) None of these choices
Natural killer cells
Exposure to an infectious agent during your day-to-day activities leads to a) Naturally acquired passive immunity b) Naturally acquired active immunity c) Passively acquired active immunity c) Both choices a and b d) Both choices b and c
Naturally acquired active immunity
Which type of immunity defends against any type of invader? * A) Nonspecific B) Specific C) Cell mediated D) Antibody mediated immunity E) None of the above
Nonspecific
Which complement system action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis? a) Opsonization b) Cytolysis c) Inflammation d) Neutralization e) Cascade activation
Opsonization
Which complement system action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis? A) Opsonization B) Cytolysis C) Inflammation D) Complement E) Hybridoma
Opsonization
Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system? A) Spleen B) Lymph node C) Red bone marrow D) Thymus E) Pancreas
Pancreas
Which of these chemicals do NOT induce vasodilation, increased permeability, and increased fluid flow to an infection site? a) Histamines b) Kinins c) Perforin d) Leukotrienes e) Complement proteins
Perforin
Lymphatic capillaries, because of their greater permeability than blood capillaries, can readily absorb which molecules that are NOT easily absorbed by blood capillaries? Select all that apply. a) proteins b) lipids c) interstitial fluid d) carbohydrates
Proteins and lipids
The ability of an antigen to react specifically with the antibodies or cells it has provoked is called a) Specificity b) Immunogenicity c) Reactivity d) Antigen processing e) Antigen presentation
Reactivity
Which of the following is a function of the spleen? * A) Removes worn out blood cells B) Circulates lymph C) Cleanses interstitial fluid D) Cleanses lymph E) Traps microbes with mucus
Removes worn out blood cells
Lack of resistance is also known as: * A) Pathogenic B) Innate C) Specific D) Susceptibility E) Lymphatic
Susceptibility
To become activated, which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation? A) B Cell B) T Cell C) Interferon D) MHC E) Antigen presenting cell
T Cell
The left subclavian vein receives lymph from * A) Left axillary vein B) Lumbar trunk C) Jugular trunk D) Thoracic duct E) Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct
In which part of the thymus are T cells thought to die? a) Capsule b) Trabeculae c) Epithelial cells d) Thymic (Hassall's) corpuscles e) T cells do not die in the thymus
Thymic (Hassall's) corpuscles
Which organ produces a hormone that promotes maturation of T cells? A) Spleen B) Lymph node C) Red bone marrow D) Thymus E) Pancreas
Thymus
Naturally acquired passive immunity is associated with which of the following? a) Vaccination b) Exposure to a microbe resulting in antibody formation c) Receiving booster shots d) Transfer of IgG from mother to fetus e) Intravenous injection of antibodies
Transfer of IgG from mother to fetus
Which type of allergic reaction is the most common type? a) Type I (anaphylactic) reaction b) Type II (cytotoxic) reaction c) Type III (immune-complex) reactions d) Type IV (cell-mediated) reactions e) All of these types are common allergic reactions.
Type I (anaphylactic) reaction
By which processes do bacteria evade phagocytosis? Select all that apply. a) prevention of adherence by a capsule b) production of leukocidin toxins c) inhibition of fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes d) production of broad spectrum defensins
a) prevention of adherence by a capsule b) production of leukocidin toxins c) inhibition of fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes
Which of the following can stimulate artificially acquired active immunity ? Select all that apply. a) administration of a vaccine b) administration of previously produced antibodies c) administration of a toxin that has been heat treated to inactivate it d) catching a cold from work or school
administration of a vaccine administration of a toxin that has been heat treated to inactivate it
Antigens that induce an allergic reaction are called a) lymphotoxins b) perforins c) granulysins d) cytokines e) allergens
allergens
An acute (Type I) allergic response can lead to: a) delayed hypersensitivity b) autoimmunity c) anaphylactic shock d) passive immunity e) immunodeficiency
anaphylactic shock
The development of self-tolerance through B cell and T cell inactivation after antigen recognition without the second costimulation signal involves which process? a) apoptosis b) anergy c) deletion d) reactivity e) selectivity
anergy
Which type of adaptive immunity will result from intravenous injection of immunoglobulins? a) naturally acquired active immunity b) naturally acquired passive immunity c) artificially acquired active immunity d) artificially acquired passive immunity e) None of these choices
artificially acquired passive immunity
Which cells of the immune system are the primary targets of the HIV virus? a) B cells b) helper T cells c) cytotoxic T cells d) antigen-presenting cells e) all of these cells are affected by HIV
helper T cells
What class of disorders, including AIDS and SCID, involves the destruction of B and T cells resulting in the inability of the immune system to protect the body from pathogens? a) immunodeficiency diseases b) allergic reactions c) autoimmune diseases d) histocompatibility rejections e) inflammatory diseases
immunodeficiency diseases
The level of thymic hormones a) remains the same throughout an individual's lifetime b) is highest just after puberty c) is highest at maturity d) is highest in old age e) is highest in childhood
is highest in childhood
Which cells increase the permeability of blood vessels by releasing histamine? a) neutrophils b) eosinophils c) lymphocytes d) mast cells e) macrophages
mast cells
Which type of adaptive immunity will result from mother-to-baby IgA transfer via breast feeding? a) naturally acquired active immunity b) naturally acquired passive immunity c) artificially acquired active immunity d) artificially acquired passive immunity e) None of these choices
naturally acquired passive immunity
A tonsillectomy may be recommended when the patient has suffered with which of the following symptoms for more than three months despite treatment? Select all that apply. a) obstructed air pathways b) difficulty swallowing c) difficulty talking d) change in taste
obstructed air pathways, difficulty swallowing, difficulty talking
An individual in a coma who is not able to move, will most likely have a reduction in activity of the a) respiratory pump b) skeletal muscle pump c) both the skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps d) lymphocytes e) macrophages
skeletal muscle pump
