Final part 2

The primary response will peak how many days after an exposure? A) 1 day or less B) 2-7 C) 10-17 D) 20-30 E) Over a month

10-17

Which of the following is an INCORRECT matching of immune system cells and their functions? a) Macrophage - process and presentation of foreign antigens to T cells b) Dendritic cell - processes and presents antigen to T and B cells c) B cells - process and presents antigen to helper T cells d) Plasma cell - produces and secretes antibodies e) All of these are correct matching of the cells and their functions

All of these are correct matching of the cells and their functions

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system? a) Drain excessive interstitial fluid b) Transport dietary lipids c) Carry out immune responses d) All of these are functions of the lymphatic system e) None of these are functions of the lymphatic system

All of these are functions of the lymphatic system

Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody? A) Phagocytosis B) Antigen C) Antibody D) Defensin E) Imunnoglobulin

Antigen

Which class of cells includes macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells? A) Antigen presenting cells B) Primary lymphocytes C) T cells D) RBC E) Epitope cells

Antigen presenting cells

Genetic recombination generates diversity in what specific part of the immune system? a) Antigen receptors b) MALT c) Hapten d) Interleukins e) Epitopes

Antigen receptors

Which anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis, phagocytosis and inflammation? A) Transferrins B) Perforins C) Complement proteins D) Defensins E) Interferons

Complement proteins

As part of our second line of defense, ___________ promotes lysis and phagocytosis of microbes while __________ protects uninfected cells from viral replication.

Complement system proteins, interferons (IFNs)

This portion of the lymph node contains lymphatic nodules. A) Cortex B) Hilum C) Medulla D) Sinuses E) Trabeculae

Cortex

Which of the following is a small hormone that can stimulate or inhibit many normal cell functions? A) Enzyme B) Kinins C) Cytokine D) MHC E) Leukocyte

Cytokine

True or False? The presence of more abundant efferent than afferent lymph vessels associated with each lymph node slows the one-way flow of lymph in the series of lymphatic sinuses for more efficient immune response.

False

Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair? * A) Complement proteins B) Perforin C) Fever D) Macrophages E) Natural killer cells

Fever

Which of the following stimulates an immune response ONLY when it is attached to a larger carrier molecule? A) Epitope B) Antigen C) Hapten D) MHC E) CD8

Hapten

Which cells display CD4 proteins and interact with MHC Class II antigens? A) Cytotoxic T cells B) Helper T Cells C) Memory T Cells D) MHC E) B cells

Helper T Cells

Which cell must be activated in order to achieve virtually all cell mediated immune responses? a) Cytotoxic T Cells b) B lymphocytes c) Helper T cells d) Eosinophils e) Mast cells

Helper T cells

Which class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions? A) IgG B) IgA C) IgM D) IgD E) IgE

IgA

Which class of antibodies in the blood and lymph indicates a recent invasion A) IgA B) IgE C) IgM D) IgD E) IgG

IgM

When B and T cells are fully developed and mature, they are described as being A) Immunocompetent B) Pluripotent stem cells C) Primary lymphatic cells D) Specifically promoted E) Germ cells

Immunocompetent

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the immune system? a) Increased susceptibility to infections b) Increased susceptibility to malignancies c) Decreased response to vaccines d) Increased response of T cells to antigens e) Decreased production of antibodies

Increased response of T cells to antigens

Which of the following is an effect of stress on the immune system? a) Increased activity of T lymphocytes b) Increased activity of B lymphocytes c) Hypersensitivity of the immune system d) Inhibition of the immune system e) Increased production of antibodies

Inhibition of the immune system

Which anti-microbial substances reduce viral replication in uninfected cells? A) Transferrins B) Perforins C) Complement proteins D) Defensins E) Interferons

Interferons

Which cytokine released by macrophages acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature during fever? a) Interleukin-1 b) Interleukin-2 c) Interleukin-4 d) Gamma interferon e) Perforin

Interleukin-1

Which of the following C3 activation pathways involves antigen-antibody complexes leading to inflammation, enhancement of phagocytosis and lysis of microbes? a) Classical pathway b) Alternative pathway c) Apoptosis d) Lectin pathway e) Opsonization

Lectin pathway

What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white? a) Proteins b) WBC c) RBC d) Lipids e) Carbohydrates

Lipids

What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid? A) Composition of electrolytes B) White blood cells are present in lymph C) Location D) Types of proteins present E) Red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid

Location

The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in A) Lymphatic system B) Cardiovascular system C) Immune system D) Lymphatic and Immune systems only E) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems

Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems

Which of the following cells exists in the greatest variety in the immune system? A) Natural killer cell B) Monocyte C) RBC D) Lymphocyte E) Macrophage

Lymphocyte

Which chemical released by cytotoxic T cells fragments DNA? A) Perforin B) Tumor antigen C) Interferons D) Lymphotoxin E) Toxin T

Lymphotoxin

Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier? * A) Macrophages B) Saliva C) Urine D) Mucus E) Stratified squamous epithelium

Macrophages

Which of these provides a non-specific second line of defense? A) Macrophages B) T lymphocytes C) B lymphocytes D) Memory B cells E) Stratified squamous epithelium

Macrophages

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic and immune system? * A) Draining excess interstitial fluid B) Maintaining water homeostasis in the body C) Transporting dietary lipids D) Carrying out immune responses E) All of the above are functions of the lymphatic and immune system.

Maintaining water homeostasis in the body

Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation? A) Redness B) Pain C) Heat D) Mucus production E) Swelling

Mucus production

Together _______________ trap(s) and __________ remove microbes and dust from the upper respiratory tract.

Mucus, cilia

Which of the following organ systems is NOT aided by the MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)? a) Respiratory system b) Digestive system c) Muscular system d) Urinary system e) Reproductive system

Muscular system

Of the following which is part of the body's second line of defense? A) Mucous cells B) Germ cells C) Lymphocytes D) Natural killer cells E) None of the above

Natural killer cells

Which of the following cells is part of the body's second line of defense? a) Mucous cells b) Dendritic cells c) B and T Lymphocytes d) Natural killer cells e) None of these choices

Natural killer cells

Exposure to an infectious agent during your day-to-day activities leads to a) Naturally acquired passive immunity b) Naturally acquired active immunity c) Passively acquired active immunity c) Both choices a and b d) Both choices b and c

Naturally acquired active immunity

Which type of immunity defends against any type of invader? * A) Nonspecific B) Specific C) Cell mediated D) Antibody mediated immunity E) None of the above

Nonspecific

Which complement system action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis? a) Opsonization b) Cytolysis c) Inflammation d) Neutralization e) Cascade activation

Opsonization

Which complement system action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis? A) Opsonization B) Cytolysis C) Inflammation D) Complement E) Hybridoma

Opsonization

Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system? A) Spleen B) Lymph node C) Red bone marrow D) Thymus E) Pancreas

Pancreas

Which of these chemicals do NOT induce vasodilation, increased permeability, and increased fluid flow to an infection site? a) Histamines b) Kinins c) Perforin d) Leukotrienes e) Complement proteins

Perforin

Lymphatic capillaries, because of their greater permeability than blood capillaries, can readily absorb which molecules that are NOT easily absorbed by blood capillaries? Select all that apply. a) proteins b) lipids c) interstitial fluid d) carbohydrates

Proteins and lipids

The ability of an antigen to react specifically with the antibodies or cells it has provoked is called a) Specificity b) Immunogenicity c) Reactivity d) Antigen processing e) Antigen presentation

Reactivity

Which of the following is a function of the spleen? * A) Removes worn out blood cells B) Circulates lymph C) Cleanses interstitial fluid D) Cleanses lymph E) Traps microbes with mucus

Removes worn out blood cells

Lack of resistance is also known as: * A) Pathogenic B) Innate C) Specific D) Susceptibility E) Lymphatic

Susceptibility

To become activated, which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation? A) B Cell B) T Cell C) Interferon D) MHC E) Antigen presenting cell

T Cell

The left subclavian vein receives lymph from * A) Left axillary vein B) Lumbar trunk C) Jugular trunk D) Thoracic duct E) Right lymphatic duct

Thoracic duct

In which part of the thymus are T cells thought to die? a) Capsule b) Trabeculae c) Epithelial cells d) Thymic (Hassall's) corpuscles e) T cells do not die in the thymus

Thymic (Hassall's) corpuscles

Which organ produces a hormone that promotes maturation of T cells? A) Spleen B) Lymph node C) Red bone marrow D) Thymus E) Pancreas

Thymus

Naturally acquired passive immunity is associated with which of the following? a) Vaccination b) Exposure to a microbe resulting in antibody formation c) Receiving booster shots d) Transfer of IgG from mother to fetus e) Intravenous injection of antibodies

Transfer of IgG from mother to fetus

Which type of allergic reaction is the most common type? a) Type I (anaphylactic) reaction b) Type II (cytotoxic) reaction c) Type III (immune-complex) reactions d) Type IV (cell-mediated) reactions e) All of these types are common allergic reactions.

Type I (anaphylactic) reaction

By which processes do bacteria evade phagocytosis? Select all that apply. a) prevention of adherence by a capsule b) production of leukocidin toxins c) inhibition of fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes d) production of broad spectrum defensins

a) prevention of adherence by a capsule b) production of leukocidin toxins c) inhibition of fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes

Which of the following can stimulate artificially acquired active immunity ? Select all that apply. a) administration of a vaccine b) administration of previously produced antibodies c) administration of a toxin that has been heat treated to inactivate it d) catching a cold from work or school

administration of a vaccine administration of a toxin that has been heat treated to inactivate it

Antigens that induce an allergic reaction are called a) lymphotoxins b) perforins c) granulysins d) cytokines e) allergens

allergens

An acute (Type I) allergic response can lead to: a) delayed hypersensitivity b) autoimmunity c) anaphylactic shock d) passive immunity e) immunodeficiency

anaphylactic shock

The development of self-tolerance through B cell and T cell inactivation after antigen recognition without the second costimulation signal involves which process? a) apoptosis b) anergy c) deletion d) reactivity e) selectivity

anergy

Which type of adaptive immunity will result from intravenous injection of immunoglobulins? a) naturally acquired active immunity b) naturally acquired passive immunity c) artificially acquired active immunity d) artificially acquired passive immunity e) None of these choices

artificially acquired passive immunity

Which cells of the immune system are the primary targets of the HIV virus? a) B cells b) helper T cells c) cytotoxic T cells d) antigen-presenting cells e) all of these cells are affected by HIV

helper T cells

What class of disorders, including AIDS and SCID, involves the destruction of B and T cells resulting in the inability of the immune system to protect the body from pathogens? a) immunodeficiency diseases b) allergic reactions c) autoimmune diseases d) histocompatibility rejections e) inflammatory diseases

immunodeficiency diseases

The level of thymic hormones a) remains the same throughout an individual's lifetime b) is highest just after puberty c) is highest at maturity d) is highest in old age e) is highest in childhood

is highest in childhood

Which cells increase the permeability of blood vessels by releasing histamine? a) neutrophils b) eosinophils c) lymphocytes d) mast cells e) macrophages

mast cells

Which type of adaptive immunity will result from mother-to-baby IgA transfer via breast feeding? a) naturally acquired active immunity b) naturally acquired passive immunity c) artificially acquired active immunity d) artificially acquired passive immunity e) None of these choices

naturally acquired passive immunity

A tonsillectomy may be recommended when the patient has suffered with which of the following symptoms for more than three months despite treatment? Select all that apply. a) obstructed air pathways b) difficulty swallowing c) difficulty talking d) change in taste

obstructed air pathways, difficulty swallowing, difficulty talking

An individual in a coma who is not able to move, will most likely have a reduction in activity of the a) respiratory pump b) skeletal muscle pump c) both the skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps d) lymphocytes e) macrophages

skeletal muscle pump