Finals Review pt.8 *Urinary System*
Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?
3
major calyx
The cavity formed by the convergence of several minor calyces, which drain urine from the minor calyxes into the renal pelvis
Renal columns are
bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex.
What physiological process occurs at the structure labeled "1"?
filtration
The region known as the macula densa is part of
the distal convoluted tubule.
Glomerular (Bowman's) capsule and the glomerulus make up the
renal corpuscle.
The filtration of plasma takes place in the
renal corpuscle.
When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) decreases,
the osmolarity of the urine decreases.
renal papilla
tip of renal pyramid
In the nephron loop,
two-thirds of the sodium and chloride ions remaining in the tubular fluid are reabsorbed.
Which of the following transports urine from the kidney toward the bladder?
ureter
Organs of the urinary system that are actively involved with urine transport are the
urethra and ureters.
Urine is carried from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body by the
urethra.
Urine is temporarily stored by the
urinary bladder.
The ________ is a capillary bed that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle).
vasa recta
Major calyces are
drains that combine to form the renal pelvis.
Which of the following statements is false regarding micturition?
Stretch receptors in the bladder are stimulated by the warm temperature of the urine.
Which is true regarding the general characteristics of normal urine?
The osmolarity of normal urine ranges from 855 - 1335 mOsm/L.
________ is the most abundant organic waste.
Urea
A transport mechanism that can move a substance against a concentration gradient by using cellular energy is
active transport.
renal pelvis
central collecting region in the kidney
The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.
cortex
Chloride ion is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb by
cotransport with Na and K ions.
The proximal convoluted tubule cells are
cuboidal cells with microvilli.
Which of the following is a direct effect of sympathetic activation on kidney function?
decreased glomerular filtration rate
ADH promotes increased water permeability of the
distal convoluted tubule.
Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the
efferent arteriole.
Each of the following organ systems excretes wastes to some degree except the ________ system.
endocrine
Which of the following are components of a renal corpuscle?
glomerulus and glomerular capsule
The term incontinence refers to the
inability to control urination voluntarily.
renal medulla
inner portion of the kidney
Reabsorbed water and solutes enter into the
peritubular fluid.
The majority of water is reabsorbed by osmosis in the
proximal convoluted tubule.