fire hazards

This happens in areas such as houses, cemeteries, campsites, restaurants and office buildings where candles are left near combustible materials.

candle/gas lamps

Most effective in enclosed spaces as it reduces the oxygen concentration of the area. It also removes heat from its cold discharge.

carbon dioxide

final phase

decay

is needed to increase a material's emperature to its ignition temperature, the lowest point of temperature

heat

needed for fire

16% oxygen

The bulk of the Earth's atmosphere is mainly composed of two gases:

79% nitrogen and 21%oxygen

helps in being aware of a fire before it gets big and uncontrollable. A sprinkler system installed along with the fire alarm system is also useful in eliminating fire if no one is present during the fire outbreak.

Installing a fire alarm system

is useful in extinguishing fires with combustible solids and liquids. The foam creates a coating that removes the heat and coats the fuel to prevent oxygen contact.

aqueous film forming foam

also use torches to set objects and structures ablaze.

arsonist

a fire can start because of spontaneous combustion coming from the internal heat of a material.

auto ignition

can sometimes occur during decay when a sudden inflow of air occurs, creating a fire explosion.

backdraft

from warfare's and terrorist attacks also generate fire upon explosion. Added fire risk can happen if bombs explode on areas with plenty of flammable materials.

bomb explosion

used in laboratories, factories, and other industries are highly flammable. If they are not stored and handled properly, they can react to their environment and start a fire.

chemicals

have also been a contributing factor to the fire incidents around the Philippines. These are mainly dangerous when thrown over areas with large amounts of flammable materials such as on farms and forests

cigarette butts

Fires involving ordinary combustible materials that leave ash such as paper,wood, plastic, rubber, cloth, and trash.

class a

Fires involving combustible chemicals of liquid and gas such as petroleum oil,gasoline, paint, propane, and butane,

class b

Fires involving energized electrical compounds such as electrical appliances,motor equipment, and machines

class c

Fires involving combustible metals such as potassium, sodium. aluminum,magnesium, and titanium

class d

Fires involving combustible household liquids such as cooking oil, animal fat, andgrease

class k

The most common fire extinguisher used because it can extinguish most fire classes. The dry chemical interacts with the fire triangle by creating a barrier between the oxygen and the fuel source.

dry chemical

The only effective extinguisher against class D fires. It extinguishes the fire by removing the heat in the fire triangle.

dry powder

similar to electrical appliances, can catch fire if mishandled, misused, or is malfunctioning.

electrical machineries

the major cause of fire incidents in the Philippines stems

faulty electrical wiring or connection

an important procedure against fire incidents. It is a means to understand the situation of an area and determine the different preventive measures needed to reduce the vulnerability of an area against fire.

fire risk assessment

occur near the end of growth

flashover point

The material source of energy of a fire is its fuel, the final element.

fuel

also where the fire will start are different combustible materials such as wood, paper, gasoline, alcohol, methane, and propane.

fuel

when all available fuels have been ignited and are now being burned. The fire is at its maximum size and will continue to burn as long as there is available oxygen to be consumed.

fully developed

also known as free burning phase

growth

is a halogenated or clean agent that extinguishes a fire by interrupting the chemical reaction of the fire. It also removes the heat in the fire triangle.

hydrochlorofluorocarbon 123

ako known the incipient phase, on with available to heat up and start up a to it fire.

ignition

lowest point of temperature

ignition temperature

are devices designed to cause fire. These include devices such as Molotov cocktails, flamethrowers, and greek fire.

incendiary devices

can be an ignition source to start a fire. This happens when lightning hits a flammable object on the surface of the Earth such as trees

lightning

are highly flammable gases that can be a source of fuel for fires.

liquefied petroleum gases

potential fire hazards because they are made up of combustible materials. Improper use, primarily by children, of lighters and matchsticks can accidentally cause fire disasters.

matchstick/lighters

Leaving your stove or oven unattended can lead to fire disasters at home especially if combustible materials are present near the cooking area

neglected cooking stoves

appliances or devices Electrical appliances such as the refrigerator, microwave, electric oven, flat irons, and a washing machine can catch fire if improperly handled or used. They can also cause a fire when these appliances are used even when malfunctioning.

neglected electrical

can start off because of the interaction of fuel and oxygen with an external heat source.

piloted ignition

are caused by improper handling and storage of fireworks. Malfunctioning fireworks can also cause an unwanted fire. A high number of pyrotechnic-related fires happen during holiday celebrations.

pyrotechnics

should be done, as some fire incidents recorded in the Philippines were caused b unattended cooking stoves.

safe cooking

is the sudden ignition of organic material due to the increased internal heat of the material. This happens in forests when the weather is too dry and hot that organic materials, especially dry plants, start to spontaneously combust and start a fire.

spontaneous combustion

can create sparks that can ignite combustible materials. This has happened in areas such as gasoline stations where a static discharge can ignite the fuel being pumped into the car.

static electricity

are also a common cause of fire in the Philippines. They are normally being used to set fire to forests and agriculture for kaingin. Arsonists also use torches to set objects and structures ablaze.

torch

Only useful for solid combustible materials because it interacts negatively on other fire class types.

water

were developed specifically for class K fires for areas highly vulnerable to these classes of fires such as restaurants. They extinguish the fire by preventing oxygen from interacting with the fuel source.

wet chemical