"First Aid- Chapter 11: Musculoskeletal Injuries"

Osteoporosis is: The softer and more porous bone structure of children. The weakening of the voluntary muscles. A gradual, progressive weakening of bone. A degenerative disease affecting ligaments.

A gradual, progressive weakening of bone.

A person reports to you that they heard a snapping noise when they fell while bicycling. The person is cradling their arm, and the forearm looks bruised and swollen. The person also tells you that their fingers feel cold and numb. You would suspect which of the following? A possible dislocation of the elbow A minor musculoskeletal injury No condition yet because more information is needed A serious musculoskeletal injury A & E

A serious musculoskeletal injury

Muscle strains can be caused by lifting something too heavy or working a muscle too hard. What else is likely to cause a strain? A sudden or uncoordinated movement Moving a joint beyond its limit A violent force to a bone A break in a bone All of the above

A sudden or uncoordinated movement

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of a serious musculoskeletal injury? Snapping sound Visible abnormal lumps, ridges and hollows Ability to use the affected part normally Bone fragments sticking out of a wound Cause of the injury suggesting it may be severe

Ability to use the affected part normally

A person has a suspected fracture of the forearm. Why you would want to immobilize the injury before giving additional care for the suspected fracture? Prevent closed fractures from becoming open fractures Prevent further damage to soft tissues Reduce the risk of severe bleeding Reduce the possibility of loss of circulation to the injured part All of the above

All of the above

A person is complaining of pain in their shoulder. Other signs or symptoms that would lead you to suspect that the person has a musculoskeletal injury include__________ Swelling Deformity Discoloration of the skin Inability to use the affected part normally or loss of sensation in the affected part All of the above

All of the above

A child was playing on an outdoor gym set when they suddenly fell off, landing hard on the ground. The child is awake and lying on the ground but is reporting some tingling in their hands and feet. There is no obvious swelling, although the skin on one side of the child's neck appears discolored. Which action would be most appropriate? Apply ice to the neck area. Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. Stabilize the child (preventing any additional movement) in the position found. Have the child sit up straight. B & C

B & C

An open fracture occurs when:

Bone ends cause the skin to tear.

A person appears to have a lump near the elbow. How might you determine if the lump is a deformity? Ask the person to move the elbow. Compare one elbow to the other. Have the person get an X-ray. Look for signs of swelling or redness. Checking for loss of sensation below the injury site.

Compare one elbow to the other.

A person sustains a musculoskeletal injury resulting from being hit in the arm by a baseball. Which type of force is the cause of the injury? Direct Twisting Indirect Rotating

Direct

A person tells you that they fell and now cannot move their shoulder. They are also complaining of severe pain in the area. You notice a bump in the area that would normally not be present. You would suspect that the person is most likely suffering from a: Dislocation. Strain. Deformation. Broken bone.

Dislocation.

You would apply a cold pack to all suspected musculoskeletal injuries except when: Doing so would require putting pressure on an open fracture. The site of the injury cannot be elevated above the level of the heart. The person is already in shock from their injury. A hot pack is available; then you should alternate cold and heat. A & B

Doing so would require putting pressure on an open fracture.

True or false: The amount of swelling is a reliable sign of the severity of an injury.

False

True or false: You should move or straighten a limb before applying a splint, since leaving a broken limb in an unusual position can cause the person additional pain.

False

Before giving additional care, such as applying cold or elevation, to a serious musculoskeletal injury, you must ________ . Ask the person to move the injured limb. Compare one side of the body to the other. Have the person get an X-ray. Look for signs of swelling or redness. Immobilize the injured area.

Immobilize the injured area.

A splint is a device that maintains an injured part in place if the person must be moved. To be effective, which of the following would you do when splinting an injury? Apply it only after swelling has been reduced with ice. Apply the splint to a limb that has been moved to its normal position. Ensure the splint is made of stiff wood or metal parts throughout. Include the joints above and below the injury site. B & D

Include the joints above and below the injury site.

When immobilizing an injury, which action would be most important to do? Move the injured area away from the body. Straighten any bent joints. Keep the injured area in the position found. Realign the injured body part to the body. B & D

Keep the injured area in the position found.

The fibrous bands that hold bones together at joints are called: Cartilage. Muscles. Ligaments. Tendons.

Ligaments.

One function of the skeleton is to: Help muscles to contract and relax. Protect vital organs and other soft tissues. Allow tendons to connect bones. Protect children's bodies better than adults' bodies. All of the above

Protect vital organs and other soft tissues

A friend has been playing softball and is now complaining of pain in their shoulder. You do not believe that there is a fracture or dislocation. There does not appear to be any reason to call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number, but you still want to help your friend. What suggestion can you make to your friend to help ease the pain? Walk it off. Stretch the area to loosen the joint area. RICE: Rest, Immobilization, Cold, and Elevation Call 911, you are not able to diagnose this injury. Apply a heating pad to the injured area and take 2 ibuprofen for pain.

RICE: Rest, Immobilization, Cold, and Elevation

Bones are classified as: Short, long, flat or irregular. Hard, soft, medium or porous. Proximal, distal, medial or lateral. Arm, chest, leg or hand/foot.

Short, long, flat or irregular.

The ligaments in a joint: Tend to resist joint movement. Tend to promote joint movement. Make a joint less stable. Allow greater motion in a joint.

Tend to resist joint movement.

The strong, cordlike, fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bones are called ________.

Tendons

Muscles are anchored to bones by: Joints. Cartilage. Ligaments. Tendons. None of the above

Tendons.

Which of the following best describes a joint? A place where two or more bones are attached by tendons Where one bone is attached to another by a tendon Where a muscle is attached to a bone by a ligament The area where the ends of two or more bones come together

The area where the ends of two or more bones come together

Which of the following would tend to suggest a serious musculoskeletal injury? The lack of sensation in an extremity A bruised look to the skin above the injury The person wanting to hold the limb in a comfortable position Slight swelling at the site of the injury Signs of swelling or redness.

The lack of sensation in an extremity

When the biceps contract, the arm bends at the elbow joint. When the hamstrings contract:

The leg bends at the knee joint.

In general, you would avoid elevating a musculoskeletal injury when: Cold has been applied to help reduce swelling. There is a suspected fracture that has not been immobilized. The person is having difficulty walking. The person has no feeling in the extremity beyond the injury. B & E

There is a suspected fracture that has not been immobilized.

A twisting force is most likely caused when an ankle is injured, such as from stepping off a curb.

True

True or false: Joints that move more freely are more prone to injury.

True

True or false: Skeletal muscles account for most of your lean body weight.

True

When fractures heal, they usually leave the bone as strong as or stronger than it was before.

True

Generally, musculoskeletal injuries are not life-threatening. However, you should call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number immediately if which condition exists? The person is unable to write their name. You see an obvious deformity. The person can walk but is in some pain. The injury involves the middle portion of the leg. None of the above

You see an obvious deformity.