Food and Fiber Sheep and Goat

What sheep breed was the backbone for the american sheep industry?

Rambouillet

Where is the rumen located on a sheep and a goat?

Rumen is located on the left side

What are a sheeps normal vital signs?

Sheep normals: - Temp: 102.5° F (range 102° -104°) - HR: 70-90 bpm - RR: 12-25/min

What is a sheeps normal TPR?

Sheep normals: - Temp: 102.5° F (range 102° -104°) - HR: 70-90 bpm - RR: 12-25/min

What is the sheep and goat subfamily?

Subfamily: Caprinae

What is the most popular sheep world wide?

Suffolk

How old is tail docking done? How short is the tail docked? What two reasons is the tail docked for?

Tail is docked 1" from the body by using an elastrator, emasculator, scalpel, etc. Shorter tail means less fly strike & better hygiene during breeding and lambing

What is done to goats at 1-2 weeks of age?

Tail is docked, Castration, Disbudded, and Identification tags placed.

What is bleating?

The characteristic cry of a goat or sheep.

What type of goats are Angora and what is their wool called?

They are used for wool that is called mohair

What is Lateral recumbency "flanking"?

- Hold muzzle with one hand - Reach over the back to grasp the near hind leg w/other hand - Bring head and leg toward each other - The goat will unbalance and then can be gently rested on its side - Place knees on neck and back to discourage rising

• Angoras not bred until ___-___ yrs old

1.5-2.5

Growers (50-85 lbs) need ___-___% protein • Finishers (>85 lbs) need ___-___% protein

15-16 13-14

Ewes max repro performance is at __-__ yrs old

4-5

Most dairy goats can be bred at __ lbs or ____ mo if born early in the year

70, 7

When are lambs and kids weaned?

8 weeks

Energy requirements for lactating ewes and does are greatest ____ to _____ weeks after starting lactation.

8, 10

Sheep Ovulation rate is influenced by?

Breed, Age, Season, Nutrition

What minerals and vitamins do goats and sheep need to be supplemented with?

Calcium, Copper, Selenium, Zinc Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, B Complex Vitamins.

What is the bacterial cause of virtosis?

Campylobacter fetus

In goats what tooth can be mistake as an incisors?

Canine teeth

What is the domestic goat species?

Capra hircus: Domestic goat

What species does the Bovidae family include?

Cattle, sheep and goats

When do lamb and kids need to receive Colostrum?

Colostrum within first few hours of life

What are French-Alpine goats used for?

Dairy goats

How should lambs be restrain a lamb?

Dorsal recumbency with one hand holding the head and one holding the legs

What type of internal parasites do sheep and goats have?

Endoparasites - Strongyles - nematode • Haemonchus - H. contortus is the most devastating • Ostertagia • Trichostrongylus • Cooperia • Nematodirus Tapeworm - cestode Liver fluke - trematode Fasciola hepatica Coccidia - protozoa

What type of vitamin injections do you need to give lambs and kids?

Inject with Vitamins A, D, E; penicillin and streptomycin; selenium (BoSe)

With sheep what is a Ram?

Intact, mature male

What is goat and sheep foot rot called?

Interdigital Pododermititis

What is the intermediate host for a liver fluke?

Intermediate host - snail

How do you physically restrain a sheep?

Grab sheep under chin, raise the head while putting the other arm around the rump or straddle and hold head as shown squeezing shoulders with knees

What type of endoparasite is the most devastating for sheep and goats?

Haemonchus

Where do you auscultate a goat/sheeps heart and lungs?

Heart auscultation At the 4th/5th intercostal space Lung auscultation Between ribs 5 and 11

What sheep has dual coated wool?

Icelandic

What are two ways to induce Estrous for goats?

Introduce a "stinky buck" House the buck away from the does for 3+ wks prior to intro

Where are sheep and goat blood draw sites?

Jugular v. Cephalic v. (common) Femoral v.

What are IV injection sites and catheters?

Jugular vein IV catheter Jugular vein most suitable Cephalic can be used Nick the skin to ease the insertion

What sheep is considered the hair sheep and naturally shed? What are they used for?

Katahdin. Used for meat

When is market weight reached for lambs and goats?

Market weight is reached in 3-4 months

With sheep what is a Ewe?

Mature female

What is the Nubian goat used for?

Milk, Meat, and hide.

Which endoparasite has the largest eggs?

Nematodirus

What is the sheep and goat order?

Order: Artiodactyla

What is Vibriosis treated with?

Outbreaks of abortion can be treated w/ daily penicillin IM or oxytetracycline in the feed

What is the domestic sheep species?

Ovis aries: Domestic sheep

What are pygmy goats used for?

Pet/companion goat

With goats what is a weather?

castrated male

With sheep what is a weather?

castrated male

border cheviot have Distinctive helical ____ making it resilient. They are a ____ breed

crimp. Rare

Late-born kids usually don't _____ the first season

cycle

Out of season breeding is used in ____ goat production

dairy

What vaccines should be given to sheep and goats?

enterotoxemia and tetanus should be included (CDT)

What are rambouillet sheep used for?

fine wool, meat

With sheep what does lambing mean?

giving birth

With goats what is kidding?

giving birth Kid: neonate

With goats what is a buck?

intact, mature male

Natural Oil produced by sheep is _________

lanolin

With goats what is a doe?

mature female

What are boer goats used for?

meat

With sheep what is a lamb?

neonate

What are scurs?

partial pieces of horn that grows if an animal is not disbudded correctly.

Most dairy goats & Angoras are _________ breeders and come into heat in the ______, cycling q __ days • Pygmies & some individuals of other breeds (Nubians) can cycle at other times of the year

seasonal, fall, 21.

She and goats are Even toed ________

ungulate

The period from _________ to _________ is critical for a high rate of twinning

weaning, Breeding

What do Finnsheep used for? What do they look like?

wool and meat. Colored breed

How are oral meds given to sheep and goats?

• Balling gun - Small plastic - Capsules or tablets • Drenching - Liquids - Use a dose syringe or a 60 ml catheter- tip syringe - Give slowly to prevent aspiration • Rumen intubation - allows delivery of large amount of fluid - relieves rumen bloat - withdraw samples of rumen fluid

What is they "Ram effect"?

• Induction of estrus in acyclic ewes by the introduction of a teaser ram • Estrus occurs ~ 25 days later

Where are IM injections given to sheep and goats?

• Semimembranosus/ semitendinosus - Adults can get 5-10 ml • Lateral cervical muscles • Gluteals not used

True of False, Sheep become hyperthermic quickly?

True

What can vibrosis cause?

abortion and infertility

What is a goat and sheeps gestation length?

about five months

What is Ewe flushing?

"flushing"= placing ewe on a higher plane of nutrition a few weeks prior to the breeding season, results in higher ovulation rates

How high should goat fencing be?

>6ft

How much water do goats and sheep drink a day?

Adults drink 1-1.5 gallons water per day

What is setting up a sheep? What is it also called? How do you do it?

Also referred to as "rumping" or "docking" While holding chin, turn head toward hip - Reach other hand over the back and grasp the flank skin fold or the top of the opposite leg - Gently lift the sheep onto its rump - Tilt the animal back into your legs for support

Where are SQ injections given and how much can be given in each site?

Anywhere that the skin can be lifted; Lateral cervical area Axilla Flank fold Pectoral region 5 ml max/site Intramammary infusion for mastitis

Which breed has the longest productivity life and is used for high quality apparel?

Australian Merino

Goat heat detection is based on what 5 behaviors?

Bleating Tail flagging Reddened vulva Vaginal discharge (hair is matted) Occasional riding by other does (less common than in cattle)

What is Vector-borne disease also called?

Blue tongue disease

Whats and what are signs of C. perfringens type D ? What is it also called? When should you vaccinate?

Enterotoxemia. "overeating disease") Sheep (less frequently in goats) Predisposing factors are ingestion of excessive amounts of feed or milk (singleton lamb) Sudden, convulsive death of good conditioned lambs on CHO-rich feed Vaccinate ewe 4-6 weeks before lambing and lamb itself upon entering the feedlot- 2 injections, 2 weeks apart (vaccine is combined w/ type c)

Whats and what are signs of C. perfringens type C?

Enterotoxemia. Adult goats and sheep ("struck") Sudden death w/out previous signs of illness

What is and what are signs of Clostridium perfringens type B?

Enterotoxemia. Lamb dysentery in lambs up to 3 wks old Fetid, blood-tinged diarrhea w/ sudden death

What type of ovulaters are Ewes and how long does their estrous cycle last?

Ewe is seasonally polyestrous cycles every 16-17 days during the breeding season Estrus lasts ~ 30 hrs

True or False, Pseudopregnancy is not common in goats?

False

What is the sheep and goat family?

Family: Bovidae

What is a targhee used for? What are they the product of?

Fleece and meat. Product of crossbreeding rambouillet and corridale

What is the sheep and goat genus?

Genus: Ovis (sheep), Capra (goat)

What are a goats normal vital signs?

Goat normals: - Temp: 102° F (range 101.5° -104°) - HR: 70-90 bpm - RR: 15-30/min

What is a goats normal TPR?

Goat normals: - Temp: 102° F (range 101.5° -104°) - HR: 70-90 bpm - RR: 15-30/min

What are six external parasites that sheep and goats can get?

Ticks, Bots, Blow flies, Fly strike, Lice, Mites (mange)

What is the oldest known dairy goat breed?

Toggenburg

What is the treatment on tetanus?

Treatment = tetanus antitoxin

What are the three ways to collect urine in sheep and goats?

Urine collection by void: Goats, "patience" -wait them out or move to a new pen Sheep, hold nostrils closed for up to 45 sec and release when struggle Urine collection by catheterization- female: Tail tied-up; vulva is prepped; clinician passes a sterile No. 10 or 12 French catheter Urine collection by catheterization- male: Impossible due to the urethral process, sigmoid flexure, and the urethral diverticulum

What are La Mancha goats used for and what are the two types of ears that they have?

Used for dairy and they hive a high butter fat. "Gopher ear"- max length of 1" but non-existent preferred very little or no cartilage required ear for buck registration "Elf ear"- max length of 2" cartilage is allowed

What is lanolin used for?

Used in cosmetics, hand lotion and coating for wire

What color are the Suffolk sheep and what are they used for?

White with black head/face and legs. Used for medium wool, meat

What do border cheviot sheep look like? What are they used for?

White, wool-free face & legs; pricked ears; black muzzle & feet. Wool