From scientific Revolution to Enlightenment

The eighteenth-century Agricultural Revolution resulted in

an increased European population

Many philosophes, such as Voltaire, beieved that governmental reform would be accomplished by

benevolent absolutist monarchs

In Emile, Rousseau

called for a "natural" education free of the artificial encumbrances imposed by institutions such as the church

All of the following ideas are associated with the work of John Locke

education reform; the right of revolution; the state of nature; empiricism

Catherine the Great

extended Russia's territorial holdings at the expense of the Crimean Tatar

The Scientific Revolution overturned the accepted ideas of which of the following?

Aristotle

Of the following astronomers, which did NOT accept the heliocentric theory?

Brahe

Both Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon articulated theories of the scientific method in the seventeenth century. A major difference between the theories involves

Descartes's emphasis on the importance of mathematics

Which of the following rulers exemplified the theory of enlightened despotism?

Frederick II of Prussia

Whose Spirit of the laws, 1748, served as a basis for the American Constitution's "separation of powers"?

Montesquieu

The Scientific Revolution can be said to have begun with the heliocentric astronomy of Copernicus and to have climinated with the scientific synthesis of

Newton

What is the best explanation for Isaac Newton's importance to the scientific revolution?

Newton provided an explanation of the systematic organization of the universe.

Which best characterized Enlightened Despotism?

The monarch rules with absolute authority for the good of the people.

Which was NOT a cause of the scientific revolution?

The search for the physical location of the soul within the body

One of the earliest controversial ideas that arose during the scientific revolution was the

heliocentric model of the universe

The enclosure movement contributedto the agricultural revolution because

it consolidated land.

The philosophes shared the following characteristics

most accepted the philosophical principles of John Locke; most accepted the philosophical principles of John Locke; most were Deists; most rejected organized religion

A philosophe of 18th century France would

oppose religious intolerance and superstition

Kepler's relationship to the Copernican thesis was to

provide mathematical proof for it

Enlightened monarchs of the eighteenth century supported all of the following

religious toleration; secular & technical education; administrative reform; increased economic productivity

The eighteenth-century philosophes believed that society could best achieve progress through

scientific empiricism

"Ecrasez l'infame," Voltaire's slogan of "crush the infamous thing," called for the suppression of

the church

A major result of Poland's inability to create a strong, centralized monarchy in the eighteenth century was

the eventual partition of the Polish state by its powerful neighbors.

The chief difference between the scientific revolution and th Enlightenment is

the focus of intellectual inquiry

Rousseau's concept of the ideal government was centered on

the general will

Which of the following most directly led to the rise of deism in the eighteenth century?

the mechanistic cosmology of Newton

The model of the universe which resulted from the scientific work of Galileo and Newton embraced

the science of mechanics

Which was a major characteristic of the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century?

uncovering much knowledge about the physical world; growth of a learned society, such as the Royal Society of London; a modern scientific method developed that stressed reason over tradition; challenged medieval superstition and general acceptance of Aristotle's theories

The Enlightenment

was based upon the assumption that science and reason can explain all things