FSE-120 final review

Under what conditions must an autoclave work to sterilize?

15 psi at 121oC for 10 minutes

A base would be numbers ____ to ____ on the pH scale.

8;14

African trypanosomiasis is commonly called

African sleeping sickness

Who discovered penicillin?

Alexander Fleming

When bacteria have flagella on each end of the cell, that is known as

Amphi

What is the vector for malaria?

Anopheles mosquito

The toxin aflatoxin is produced by

Aspergillus flavus

Lyme disease is caused by which bacterium?

Borrelia burgdorferi

What causes yeast infections in women?

Candida albicans

What is the most frequently reported sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen in the US?

Chlamydia trachomatis

Which bacterium causes diphtheria?

Clostridium diphtheriae

Which bacterium causes gangrene?

Clostridium perfringens

What virus causes West Nile?

Flavivirus

Yeasts are

Fungi

A sticky, gelatinous coating on bacteria that surrounds the cell wall is the

Glycocalyx

What virus causes AIDS?

HIV

What cells of the body does the mononucleosis virus attack?

Memory B cells

The correct way to write the name of the bacterium that causes gonorrhea is

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

When bacteria have flagella over the entire cell, that is known as

Peri

The four kingdoms are

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

What genus of bacteria is commonly associated with secondary infections in burn patients?

Pseudomonas

What are the names of the polio vaccines?

Sabin and Salk

Which bacterium causes a furuncle?

Staphylococcus aureus

Which bacterium causes toxic shock syndrome?

Staphylococcus aureus

.Which bacterium is common in raw milk and causes bacterial sepsis and meningitis in newborns, and uterine infections in postpartum women?

Streptococcus agalactiae

Which bacterium causes childbirth fever?

Streptococcus pyogenes

Which bacterium causes scarlet fever?

Streptococcus pyogenes

Which bacterium causes strep throat?

Streptococcus pyogenes

Thrush is

a fungal infection where there is white growth on the tongue

Bacteria reproduce by a process called

binary fission

What disease in infants results from ingesting honey contaminated with C. botulinum spores?

botulism

The prefix strepto- means

chain

Infection with ______________ can lead to shingles later in life.

chickenpox

Fungi lack _______________, so they are not photosynthetic.

chlorophyll

The prefix staphyl- means

cluster

The three basic shapes of bacteria

coccus, bacillus, spirillum

What disease gave milkmaids immunity to smallpox?

cowpox

What transmits Lyme disease?

deer tick

Destroying pathogenic agents by disinfecting inanimate objects is

disinfection

The chickenpox virus can remain dormant in what part of the body?

dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

Aspergillus glacus infects

dried fruit

Inflammation of the brain is called

encephalitis

Picking at the bedclothes is an odd symptom of what disease?

epidemic typhus

The tongue is covered with a white or black fur and is rolled up in the disease

epidemic typhus

An area of dead tissue in cutaneous anthrax is

eschar

Appendages on a bacterium that allows it to attach to surfaces are

fimbriae

An agent that kills mold would be

fungicide

Necrosis of tissue is called

gangrene

Cold sores are caused by ______________ virus.

herpes simplex virus type 1

Another word for skin is

integument

Which muscles are first affected by tetanus?

jaw muscles

What part of the body does hepatitis affect?

liver

Tetanus is also known as

lockjaw

The study of fungi is called

mycology

Bacteria that must NOT be in the presence of oxygen are

obligate anaerobes

How many chromosomes do bacteria have

one

The three arrangements of bacteria are

pairs, chains, clusters

Mumps is the infection of the

parotid glands

A small, protein, infectious particle is a

prion

Francisella tularensis causes tularemia, which is also called

rabbit fever

The malaria protozoan ends up in the human _____________, where it causes the disease.

red blood cells

A fungal infection of the scalp is

ringworm

.In what disease is the tongue spotted with a strawberry-like appearance?

scarlet fever

What is a furuncle?

serious hair follicle infection called a boil

An unorganized coating on bacteria that is loosely attached to the cell wall is the

slime layer

Plasmids are

small circles of DNA separate from the main chromosome in bacteria

What is the only viral disease that has been eradicated from the world?

smallpox

The process bacteria use to produce the endospore

sporulation

What can kill endospores

sterilization

The disease _______________ is caused by Treponema pallidum and has three stages to it.

syphilis

What is the vector for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

ticks

What is the vector for West Nile virus?

tiger mosquito

Jock itch is caused by

tinea cruris

Pregnant women shouldn't clean litter boxes to avoid the disease ___________

toxoplasmosis

Cryptosporidium parvum often causes

traveler's diarrhea

What is the vector for African sleeping sickness?

tsetse fly

An intracellular parasite that is genetic material in a protein coat is a ___

virus

Genetic material in a protein coat would describe a

virus

What kind of virus causes COVID-19?

Coronavirus

What cells of the body does HIV attack?

Helper T cells

What part of the body does rabies attack?

CNS

Which bacterium causes tissue gas?

Clostridium perfringens

A thick-walled cell produced by bacteria to survive

capsule

Fungal infections of the skin are called

dermatomycoses

Antimicrobial eye drops or silver nitrate placed in a baby's eyes on delivery because of the possibility of what disease?

gonorrhea

Plasmodium causes

malaria

Quinine is the treatment for

malaria

Healthcare associated infections are called _____________ infections.

nosocomial

What virus causes chickenpox?

varicella zoster

What is a local skin infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes that mostly infects children who scratch insect bites?

impetigo

How many viruses can cause the common cold?

over 200

A virus that infects bacteria is

bacteriophage

What gases make up tissue gas?

carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas

In what fungal disease does a circular rash clear up in the middle as it spreads outward?

ringworm

In what part of the insect vector's body does the protozoan that causes malaria reside?

salivary glands

What virus is dangerous for a mother to contract in the first trimester and will result in birth defects?

measles

Organisms that utilize decomposing matter as nutrients are

saprophytes

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis. When the bacterium invades attacking macrophages, a nodule in the lungs called a/n ____________ forms.

tubercle

An organism that spreads disease is called a/n

vector

What disease is caused by a protozoan that has two nuclei and can be found in all types of water, even chlorinated water?

giardiasis